All possible options for sewing overalls. Description of the appearance of the selected model. Sleeves are shirt-cut, single-seam, with a one-piece stitched cuff. Fastened with a buttonhole and button

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The production of workwear is a separate industry. For production, certain fabrics with enhanced characteristics are used. However, workwear is not only a uniform for firefighters and builders, but also a corporate clothing.

Why do you need overalls

Specialty clothing is not just about things with a company name. In this case, color, density and wear resistance are important. Looking at the employee, you can safely determine which "class" he belongs to.

• Corporate. The main thing here is to stand out from your competitors. For example, using a color or a combination of colors, certain symbols, stripes.
• Protective. The name speaks for itself. It is designed to protect a person from external factors or products from external influences.

• Medical overalls. Specifications - hygiene, comfort, practicality, etc. It includes robes, caps, suits, protective bandages;
• With reflective elements. This characteristic is especially important for people working in low light conditions (for example, on roads, in poorly lit, foggy rooms);
• For protection against high temperatures and adverse external influences. Such clothing should repel moisture and oil. An important additional component is a respirator or bandage. Such clothing must be able to withstand both ultra-high and ultra-low temperatures. To do this, the composition includes modern insulating materials that retain heat, but at the same time do not make the product heavier.

Criteria and features

In order to understand what the cloth ideal for sewing "Work" suits, you need to decide on the range of requirements:

• Must repel dirt;
• Easy to wear off;
• Do not restrict movement and create comfortable temperature conditions;
• Be hygienic;
• Let the air pass;
• Suitable for certain working conditions (severe frosts, heat, increased "hygienic" requirements);
• Have increased wear resistance;
• Such fabrics must have a certificate of compliance with GOST requirements;
• The material should not burn when exposed to high temperatures;
• Excellent protective functions (e.g. against insects, acids and alkalis, radiation, harmful microorganisms).

Undoubtedly, all requirements cannot be realized in one fabric. It’s not really necessary. For people working in medical institutions, first of all, bactericidal properties are important, for workers in factories - wear resistance, protection from external influences. Based on this, it is necessary to choose the material for sewing the product.

Basic fabrics for sewing

The most commonly used fabrics are:

• Twill

The twill has a diagonal weave of fibers. Its base is usually 100% cotton, but linen, silk and even synthetic fibers can be used. It is very dense and has a matte finish.

Depending on the technique, the canvas can be with the right and left diagonal, and you can also get various types: broken, zigzag, complex, reinforced, shadow.

In workwear made of twill, the body breathes (of course, if it is based on 100% natural material). This option is perfect for both bakeries and rooms with low temperatures (for example, where refrigeration units are installed). It does not accumulate static electricity, has a dense base and is easy to wash. Another important quality is the ability to repair a single part. This allows you to save money on buying a new product.

This is a blended fabric, what in the classic version is the following ratio - 65% polyester, 35% cotton. However, the manufacturer may deviate slightly from this norm. The density ranges from 110 g / m2 to 250 g / m2. The fabric has good hygiene properties. It is breathable and comfortable. Tisi is widely used in the medical field, as well as in the hotel business, food industry. There are both completely natural and mixed versions. However, do not forget that this material must not be exposed to chlorine. It is made entirely of artificial or natural raw materials, it is still not worth doing. The thing will lose its original appearance and strength.

• Calico

Calico is a natural fabric. It is quite lightweight and durable. Due to the peculiarities of the weave, the material receives wear resistance, and the composition is breathable. Despite the fact that it is widely used for sewing bedding, the scale of its use in the manufacture of "work" clothing is just as extensive. In this case, it is important to look at the density. According to GOST 29298 2005, this value should not be less than 145 g / m2. Lower density is unacceptable for this field of activity. Products will be fragile and color fastness may be poor. If the harsh coarse calico is more suitable for upholstering furniture, then for the manufacture of overalls, its bleached variety will be an excellent option.

• Moleskin

Moleskine is considered to be the densest cotton fabric. It is ideal for applications with increased dustiness. Thanks to the reinforced satin weave, the fabric practically does not allow small particles to pass through. This is a must when working in asbestos and flour mills. Moreover, moleskin is one of the few tissues designed to protect human skin from biologically active and radiation substances. The surface is easily cleaned of particles and can be used later without loss of external data and performance.

When creating protective fabrics of this kind, the task was to create not only a good protective fabric, but also to provide comfortable conditions for workers. Many fabrics had a high degree of dustproofing, but at the same time influenced heat and air exchange. Moleskin solves this problem. There are several varieties:

• C26-UD. Its density is 347 g / m2. Designed for use in highly dusty environments. This variety is considered a reference among natural fabrics for creating "work" clothes. It is also used for the manufacture of dust collectors;
• C27-UD. Has a density of 250 g / m2. This is the classic version for production uniforms. It saves from sulfuric acid (concentration up to 20%) and standard industrial pollution;
• S28-UD . It is characterized by an areal weight of 280 g / m2. This category is for protection against high temperatures. According to tests, such fabric does not burn at all for 30 seconds, then it slowly smolders.

This material is approved by the state standards for tailoring for the fuel sector and the nuclear industry.

• Horizon

Refers to blended fabrics. The composition contains 75% cotton, 25% polyester. Due to the complex weave, the products acquire wear resistance. Natural fibers give hygroscopicity, synthetic ones - strength and durability. The density of products is 380 g / m2. To create additional characteristics, the surface can be treated with an impregnation against rot and combustion.

• Cloth

Cloth is most often used for sewing work clothes for welders and metallurgists. Thanks to its dense texture, it perfectly protects against sparks and metal drops.

Woolen clothes are widely used in rooms with both high and low temperatures; options with anti-acid and heat-resistant impregnation are being created. The latter have markings, thanks to which additional qualities can be easily recognized.

Due to the fact that such things are heavy and poorly sewn, their cut is extremely simple. Usually these are straight products with a minimum of fittings. The disadvantages include the "prickly" and rigidity of products.

• Oxford

This material is based on synthetic fiber. To give strength, a profiled thread is woven into the base. To ensure special properties, a water-repellent coating is used on the inside. For these purposes, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride is used. They prevent dirt from stagnating in the fibers of the fabric. Spotted cloth Oxford 240 and 210 are used for sewing overalls for hunters, fishermen and tourists.

The symbol "D" is used to indicate density. The higher the value, the higher the density. The minimum density is 150 D, the maximum is 600 D.

• Alba

This fabric is mainly used in medical institutions for dressing gowns and suits. It is light and does not hinder movement at all. It is also worth noting that it retains its original characteristics even at a washing temperature of 85 degrees. It is composed of 33% cotton and 67% polyester.

• Tomboy

Tomboy refers to combined fabrics (33% cotton, 67% polyester) and has a density of 245 g / m2. It is currently the most popular modern fabric used for industrial garments. Its main characteristics are resistance to light, multiple washes and a long service life. Its guaranteed service life is more than 2 years even in conditions of constant industrial washing (at a temperature of 85 degrees). Tomba suit do not fade in the sun, do not wear out for a long time, stains and clues do not appear on them. There is an "improved" version on the market with impregnation, which reduces maintenance time. After washing, such products do not even need to be ironed.

• Tarpaulin

Tarpaulins are often used to make specialized clothing. It is a heavy, dense material. The main color scheme is green to brown (there are also yellow canvases). The colors are not random. Tan shades mean the fabric is fireproof, green ones water repellent.

The fabric can be made from linen, synthetic or cotton fibers.

The tarpaulin is used for the manufacture of work gloves, aprons, workwear and bags.

Field of activity and types of fabric

Workwear making is an area that requires a lot of knowledge and skills. It is important to choose the right "dosage" of the components included in the composition. If this is a medical field, then it is necessary to choose a light hygienic material that does not hinder movement and neutralizes bacteria on the surface.

The metallurgical region dictates its own terms. These are usually heavy, dense fabrics. They must protect the body from the effects of acids, high temperatures, but at the same time allow air to circulate freely. Both hypothermia and overheating have a negative effect on the body.

There are no good or bad fabrics in this area. There are materials that are suitable for a specific area or conditions. Tarpaulin fabrics are completely inapplicable in medical institutions, and calico products in the nuclear industry. However, there is one option that is considered almost universal - this is Tisi. It is widely used for sewing workwear due to its characteristics, which are equally good for different conditions. The only thing you need to pay attention to is the density of the product and the presence or absence of impregnations.

Sewing of overalls: 7 main types + GOST standards for overalls + detailed instructions for opening a small sewing workshop with a staff of up to 10 people and a profit of almost 70,000 rubles / month.

When organizing the sewing of workwear, you first need to know exactly what it is. We are talking about personal protective equipment against harmful factors that a person encounters in the workplace (construction, chemical production, metallurgy).

Overalls are uniforms that distinguish an employee from other people. One of her goals is to make a person recognizable (medical workers, police) and to emphasize the style of the company. Also, with the help of uniforms, they create a positive memorable impression (bank employees, service industry).

In the production of workwear, the following requirements must be taken into account:

• hygiene - do not cause allergic reactions;
• protect from external negative factors at the workplace: overalls must be moisture or chemical resistant, non-flammable and / or windproof - it depends on the environment in which the employee will work;
• convenience - do not hinder movement, work clothes to be light;
• aesthetics;
• ease of care - clothes should be well washed and not lose their appearance after washing;
• wear resistance;
• comply with GOSTs for clothing for protection.

What types of workwear are there?

1. Working overalls from mechanical pollution.

Protects workers from dirt, oil and dust. Basically, these are cotton products: headscarves, aprons, overalls. Sewing can be done from a denser material if it is supposed to work in the fresh air - this material is most often twill and greta.

2. Overalls for performing hot work.

It is made of non-flammable, non-combustible fabrics, protects against sparks, splashes of hot metal, ultraviolet radiation, provides fire protection and thermal insulation.

The simplest non-flammable fabrics are felt and tarpaulin, the more complex ones are made on the basis of silica fibers and glass fibers + have a silicone coating, also aluminum foil, polyurethane.

It is widely used in firefighters, metallurgical, electric and gas welding specialties.

3. Signal clothing.

These are jackets, vests, suits with various reflective details that make it possible to notice an employee from afar, regardless of weather conditions and visibility.

In addition to reflective elements, such overalls are made of bright unnatural colors (orange, light green), so that, with relatively good visibility, the employee does not merge with the terrain.

4. Shielding special clothing.

Protects against electromagnetic radiation. These overalls are most often sewn from a thin, well-bending metal, most often copper, mesh. The set must include appropriate footwear and headwear.

5. Insulated overalls.

It is needed in order to protect people in the workplace from cold, wind and rain.

Most often, modern synthetic insulating fabrics are used, for example, with a polymer coating. Such fabrics are light and have all the necessary qualities: moisture resistance, windproofness, non-flammability, light reflectivity.

6. Corporate clothing.

Clothing for employees of one company, most often from the service sector. Serves to create a positive image, corporate identity.

For such clothes, natural fabrics are mainly used, for example, cotton, because this overalls are in direct contact with the body of an employee.

7. Uniform, uniform, uniform.

Clothes for civil servants of power structures, the same in style, shape, color. Most often they sew from synthetic fabrics with the addition of cotton and twill weaving.

Workwear styles

When sewing workwear, not only the fabric plays a role, but also a practical and beautiful cut that complies with safety regulations.

The main types of styles for sewing workwear:

What points is it important to focus the customer's attention on when choosing workwear:

1. Seasonality of clothing - it can be demi-season and warm.

It is preferable to choose multi-layer suits so that it is convenient for the employee to adjust to the temperature regime when working in the fresh air.

2. Type of fabric, its composition and color.
3. Clarify what the product consists of (jacket, trousers, overalls, vest, etc.)
4. Specify the number of pockets and the look.
5. Set sleeve length.
6. What will the cuffs be fastened with (Velcro, button, button)?
7. How will the logo be made (embroidery, chevron, thermal printing, silk screening)?

GOSTs when sewing workwear

GOST is a national standard adopted by an authority and is binding on the manufacturer. Without their fulfillment, an entrepreneur will not have the right to sell his products and generally engage in its manufacture.

When sewing workwear, you must be guided by the following GOSTs:

According to statistics, about 30 million people in Russia use professional clothing. The advantage in this type of business is the obvious ease of entry into the consumer market.

With such a high demand, only a few large companies produce workwear, so a newcomer can easily find customers by setting competitive prices.

It is worth starting with sewing corporate or work clothes, because the rest of the special clothing (fireproof, shielding, or maybe uniform for security structures) requires additional certification, meticulous execution of GOSTs and, most often, participation in state tenders. And the production volumes there go over thousands of units per month.

We suggest you start with something simpler and simpler, until you get your hands on it. And then, perhaps, you will find yourself and become an innovator in the production of fire-resistant clothing for firefighters, or you will be engaged in another difficult direction in sewing workwear.

Consider the option of organizing the production of various special-purpose clothing in a small workshop and with a staff of 10 people.

Shop registration

The study of GOSTs is not the only legal side of the organization of sewing workwear. First of all, you must attend to registering your business.

Since in this material we are considering opening a small workshop, the most reasonable options would be.

To do this, you need to prepare and refer to the tax office at the place of registration:

In 5 working days you will receive:

Congratulations! Now you can start official and absolutely legal activities.

Equipment for sewing workwear

For small workwear, you need professional sewing equipment.

It can be new or used. A new one is 2-3 times more expensive, but it will also last longer. However, if you are a newbie on a budget, you should still buy used equipment and gradually upgrade it whenever possible.

The main set of equipment for the production of workwear:

What kind of staff is needed to sew overalls?

In order to, we need workers.

The staff of a small enterprise may well be up to 10 people (for calculating salaries, we suggest the "minimum salary + bonus" scheme):

We do not count on the administrator-manager (owner) of the salary, all the net profit from tailoring goes to him.

How to sew overalls? Key factors in tailoring.

Expert advice:

Calculation of the cost of sewing work (protective) and corporate overalls

The most common fabrics for sewing work (protective) clothing are cotton, twill and greta.

• Twill (roll width 140 cm) - 1m.p. * 125 rubles.
• Greta (roll width 150 cm) - 1 lm * RUB 65
• Cotton (roll width 140 cm) - 1 lm * 1000 rubles.

We calculate prices using the price list of the TK TekstilOpt LLC: http://opttextile.ru/prajs/tkani.html

For sewing corporate clothing, they choose natural fabrics: cotton, linen, wool.

• Cotton (roll width 140 cm) - 1 lm * 900 rub.
• Linen (roll width 140 cm) - 1 lm * 1000 rub.
• Wool (roll width 140 cm) - 1 lm * 2000 rub.

We calculate prices using the price list of the All Fabrics fabric store: https://vce-tkani.ru/magazin/folder/hlopkovye-tkani

Let's decide on the amount of fabric for sewing workwear:

We will make a calculation according to the formula: the amount of material for tailoring the product (on average, in size 52-54 for protective clothing, and for size 44-46 for corporate) multiplied by the cost of the material.

The resulting value is compared with the cost in the online store "Nikol +", which specializes in clothing for staff and employees ( http://www.nikolplus.ru)

It is considered that 1 seamstress per shift (8 hours) must sew 6 jackets.

Using the example of protective jackets Greta, we will calculate the profit from sewing workwear:

• 1 seamstress - 6 jackets / day;
• 4 seamstresses - 6 * 4 \u003d 24 jackets / day * 21 working days \u003d 504 jackets / month;
• cost per jacket material - 188 rubles;
• 504 jackets * 188 rubles. \u003d RUB 94 752 - cost price;
• 2500 RUB - market price;
• taking into account the materials spent, we will sell in bulk for 1000 rubles. * 504 jackets \u003d 504,000 rubles. (profit).

Tax - up to 21% on income upon registration as an individual entrepreneur (IE). At the same time, if you are an individual entrepreneur and switch to the simplified taxation system (STS), then you have the right to tax holidays of 2 years in some areas of business (industrial, social, scientific and the sphere of providing personal services).

We have an industrial sector, so we have the right to "Credit Holidays" and we will not pay taxes.

• 504,000 - 94,752 \u003d 409,248 rubles. - net profit;
• 409,248 - 90,000 (salaries) - 250,000 (bonus for 10,000 / person) - 20,000 (rent of premises) \u003d 69,228 rubles.

With a net profit of almost 70,000 per month, our used sewing equipment will pay off in about six months. Taking into account the costs of registering a business, renting premises for a workshop and related costs, tailoring of special-purpose clothing can pay off after 9-12 months of work.

Sewing workwear - a difficult occupation, "multi-layered", painstaking, requiring considerable initial investment - up to 500,000 rubles. But it also pays for itself quickly and brings significant profits with a sensible approach to business.

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Where does it start?

The main functions of workwear are its protective properties and, of course, convenience, only after that, in the background, color preferences are put. An important detail when choosing clothes for work is its strength, wear resistance and durability. To ensure all this, it is necessary to select the appropriate materials for the desired weave of fibers and the correct combination of different types of fabric bases (natural, mixed, synthetic), insulation and the necessary accessories. Of course, the further operation of finished products will depend on the quality of sewing, and on the method of fastening the seams, and even on the quality of the selected accessories and threads. However, it is worth remembering that all damage and tears at the fabric joints along the seam can be corrected. But if the integrity is lost due to the quality of the material of the upper fabric, such damage is much more difficult to restore, and even after that, the clothes can lose not only their original appearance, but also their protective properties.

The type and type of fabric used when sewing workwear is very important. In order to more accurately determine the type of fabric suitable for sewing workwear for specialists in various industries, directions and types of activity, we will consider the technical characteristics and basic properties of the most common fabrics.

Three whales of the textile industry and their entourage

All fabrics are conventionally divided into 3 (three) types - natural, mixed and synthetic. In addition to the main varieties of top fabrics, bases, for the manufacture of the product, a sufficient number of all kinds of fillers, linings, heaters, special impregnations are used. Such impregnation can either enhance the technical parameters of the fabric, or provide additional - resistance to fire, acids and alkalis, moisture resistance and other necessary protective properties. All of the above is directly used in sewing and manufacturing workwear for each profession and specialty, depending on the safety requirements and working conditions at the enterprise.

First of all, it is worth remembering that the selected material for sewing workwear would not belong to whatever type of fabric, its quality should always be at its best. Otherwise, even the most resistant materials to a large number of adverse influences will not be as durable as we would like.

Cotton base for comfort

Denim-style FAS fabric - New for Russia, popular in Europe

A striking representative of 100% natural cotton material used for sewing workwear is the FAS fabric (FAS), the leading one in Europe. In texture and appearance, this fabric resembles denim, has a high density, but at the same time, like all cotton products, it does not have any obstacles to the penetration of air under clothes for heat exchange. Many cotton fabrics, including FAS, have one minor drawback - the low resistance of the fibers to mechanical stress and damage. Although due to the very high density (320-380g / m2) of this material, this small drawback actually becomes insignificant. The fabric is used for sewing comfortable workwear with an increased service life, which is important, and rightfully deserves special attention of the consumer. It is especially good in the warm season and for enterprises where the temperature in the room, though not too high, is sufficient in order to experience the discomfort and inconvenience arising from wearing synthetic clothing or clothing made of a mixed type of fabrics, where artificial materials prevail. That is why, for these conditions, there is no better option than FAS

As for the increased temperature when washing clothes from this type of fabric, we can say with confidence that the high temperature will not affect either the quality of the product or its persistent color, and the fabric itself will retain its original appearance for as long as possible.

Fabric characteristics:

Winter clothing, especially designed for the cold season, consists not only of the protective fabric of the top, because no matter how it has wind-blown properties and magical properties of heat protection, in severe frosts and even under the condition of super intense physical activity, it will not be particularly comfortable in it ... That is why quality insulation and fillers are so important. The fillers for jackets, both winter and demi-season, are used differently, as well as ordinary fabrics are divided into three groups - synthetic, natural and mixed.

Batting

The most, so to speak, "ancient" and previously widespread insulation, batting can be considered. Batting refers to natural insulation and is a non-woven fabric, from which the fibers of medium-compressed cotton can be separated without any problems. Possesses high hygroscopicity, thermoregulation and good thermal properties.

Specifications: density - 100-150 g / m2. Generally recycled cotton. Besides cotton Batting can be made of pure wool (CHSH 80x20) or semi-woolen (PSH 50x50).

Sherstipon

Combed wool using a special technology, with the addition of synthetic fibers, which, after heat treatment, stick together, creating a strong form that, even when treated with water and washing, does not lose its integrity or thermal qualities, and also does not get lost.

Characteristics: 10% polyester 90% fine Australian merino wool, fabric density from 50 to 600 g / m2

Artificial canvas of sufficient volume and different thickness. During the manufacture of the material, a non-woven fabric is created from artificial fibers of different sizes, which are fastened together and prevent tears and the effect of "knotting" due to heat treatment. Insulation, which is quite common in the modern world, in view of its high educational qualities, low heat transfer and high heat regulation, at a relatively low cost.

Thinsulate

Very durable material with excellent qualities - high thermal insulation, lightweight, practical, resistant to washing, does not delaminate, does not roll, does not retain moisture. There are no analogues in the creation of this material, despite the fact that it is based on polyester, the fibers of which are hollow inside, it still differs significantly from holofiber. Differences begin in the size of each individual fiber element, its structure and structure and end with the thickness of the insulation itself. Sometimes looking at products with thinsulate filling, it seems that this thing is simply not able to warm even with slight drops in air temperature, but in fact, tensuite is much warmer than fluff.

By the appearance of the fibers, the holofiber resembles a synthetic winterizer, however, the heat-shielding characteristics of the holofiber are much higher than its predecessor, besides, it is much more practical and safer (does not burn!). Specially processed polyester, created from high quality raw materials, has no restrictions on its use, this material is perfect for allergy sufferers, since it does not contain any pathogens or hazardous substances. The insulation is made of special spiral fibers that have a tubular shape. And since there is empty space inside each individual "hair", the air in it heats up and is retained, keeping heat longer and producing it less intensively. No moisture, no pollutants, or even odors are trapped between the fibers, making it completely safe and extremely durable to use.

Polartec

Patented material with high heat-generating properties. The structure of the pile allows not only to perfectly retain heat and evenly distribute it over the entire surface of the insulation, but also has high resistance to mechanical stress. Currently the most durable insulation with excellent moisture and windproof properties. The structure of the front surface and appearance is reminiscent of Fleece. It is gradually gaining its place in fabrics for the manufacture of workwear, including due to its bright persistent color and a wide range of applications as a finishing material and a material of the front inner layer, which simultaneously serves as an additional insulation.

Fibertek

For those who are allergic to natural fluff, the firebertek will be a salvation, in terms of its quality indicators, it not only does not yield to the properties of natural fluff, but also exceeds its warmth educational capabilities at times. In addition to its high heat-insulating properties, "artificial fluff" does not have such an unpleasant "habit" that natural fluff has - to roll down and get lost. Even after numerous cleaning procedures, the firebox retains its original appearance. Also, this material is very resistant to many solvents.

All types of fabrics used in sewing and manufacturing workwear, if they are really high-quality and fully comply with GOSTs or TUs, can safely take responsibility for performing even the most complex and unsafe work in accordance with the functional tasks for which they are intended.

Overalls - this is the same clothing for the manufacture of which almost the entire arsenal of accumulated fabrics and materials is used: innovative solutions and developments used in the armed forces of various countries of the world, solutions used to create sportswear, as well as special protective clothing for extreme conditions. And most importantly, all these materials are designed to improve comfort when using finished products, to lighten weight (where necessary) and to allow a person in overalls to successfully perform their duties related to production activities.

Pattern of men's semi-overalls.

Chest circumference 104cm,

Waist circumference 94cm.

The pattern is given with seam allowances!

Model presented men's semi-overallsis primarily intended for winter recreation and sports. In the previous article, we presented you with a pattern, and this semi-overalls can serve as a worthy companion to this vest.

Bib size (as well as a vest) is designed for men with a chest circumference of 104cm, a waist circumference of 94cm.

Men's insulated semi-overalls with a wide belt in the front and a tailored back.

Straps with elastic bands extended in them in front, they are sewn directly into the upper seam of the belt.

Clasp in the middle of the front there is a zipper and buttons.

On the front halves of the trousers welt pockets with leaf.

Pants bottom with slits at the back with zippers. Wedges are inserted under the zipper.

On the back along the waist line, you can attach a regular elastic band or stitch a drawstring by 1-1.5 cm and pull in an elastic cord with clamps.

The selection of fabric for the top of a semi-overall depends on the purpose of this product. For winter recreation (skiing, sledging and just playing snowballs), it is better to opt for a water-repellent synthetic fabric. The current markets offer us the widest selection of fabrics with various characteristics, so there should be no problems with the lining and insulation material either. It all depends on the client's wishes.

THE PATTERN IS GIVEN WITH ALLOWANCE ON THE SEAMS !!!

for seams 1cm,

for facing 0.7cm,

on the hem of the bottom 3 - 5cm.

Preparing a pattern for work is extremely simple. Click on the diagram at the end of the article and pattern of men's semi-overalls will open in a new window.

Print the pattern sheets on the printer, connect them in accordance with the diagram.

Be sure to check the scale. On the printed sheet with the 10x10 cm square shown, the sides of 10 cm should correspond exactly to 10 centimeters.

Cut out the details of the semi-overalls and you can get to work. The patterns are ready.

Important! Before cutting, check that the measurements taken are consistent with the parameters of the pattern. Pay particular attention to the length of the semi-overalls (note that the pattern already has allowances, including for hemming the bottom). If necessary, correct the pattern and only then proceed to cutting.

The trim back details are cut from the main fabric. Although, if desired, the lower part can be cut from the lining fabric.

We lay out the patterns on the fabric, observing the direction of the share thread, embellish and cut out along the line overlap (the patterns already contain seam allowances).

Additionally to the main details you need to cut out shoulder strap 89x7.5cm 2 pieces.

Cut details are given only for the top.

Lining and insulation are cut according to the main patterns.

After cutting, sweep the details, try on the fit of the semi-overall on the figure, make all the necessary corrections and start sewing.

NOTE. You can use the proposed pattern as a ready-made pattern, or you can use it as a basis for modeling. Those. without changing the main structural lines, divide (draw additional lines and cut) the front and (or) the back halves of the semi-overalls into several parts, add pockets, flaps, yokes, knee pads and other details to your taste. Do not forget along the cut lines give seam allowances.

Be creative and enjoy the results of your creativity.

I wish you courage in making decisions and decisiveness in your actions, and you will succeed!

Today, hundreds of enterprises sew special-purpose clothing for various industries. At the same time, there is not so much reliable information about the process of its production and the technologies used .. We reveal all the secrets of production together with the largest domestic company of this profile - SOOO "Stetskevich-Overalls".

The creation of any workwear begins with an analysis of the market and the needs of a potential buyer. Then a sketch is created, it is "born" in the head of a marketer or designer, sometimes - taking into account the requirements of a particular client. In any case, the initial sketch turns into templates that are sent to the experimental workshop of the enterprise - here the first sample of the future pilot batch of overalls is sewn.

When the prototype is ready, it goes to the Artistic and Technical Council for approval. Here the model is approved or rejected, or changes are made to the sketch. After the model receives the final approval, the process of making templates for the production of a pilot batch begins.

At the first stage, the design engineer, using a special graphic editor, makes patterns, including in the gradation of all sizes. At the same time, a technical sketch of the model is created, which displays all its elements: pockets, cuffs, buttons, stitches, buttons, a layer of insulation, etc.

Next comes the spreader. He takes the patterns created by the designer and makes them a working layout. The process of laying out vaguely resembles the game "Tetris": on a rectangular piece of fabric with a given size, it is necessary to fit the maximum number of elements of future workwear so that as little waste is left as possible. Layout using a usable area of \u200b\u200bless than 75% is considered ineffective and does not go into operation, only those where this indicator reaches 85-90% are accepted (that is, only 10-15% of the fabric from each specific piece goes to waste). The work of the spreader is very important: if the model contains many large parts (for example, "halves" of a vest), the specialist must find a match among dozens of other models and occupy the free areas of the fabric with smaller elements, say, collars or cuffs. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the direction of weaving of the fabric and the "boundary" space between the elements - the gap necessary for the normal operation of the cutting knife. In the case of using an auto-cutting complex, the layout is performed by a computer.

When the layout is fully formed, it is sent to print, where a high-precision plotter prints all the details on a wide, life-sized paper roll (in a 1: 1 ratio). The layout can also be transferred in electronic form to the auto-cutting complex (more on this later).

The layout for hand-cut printed on paper goes to the factory, where templates are cut out of it, which are then worked on the fabric - they are applied, chalked and manually cut with a special automatic knife. As a rule, manual layouts are used to work with a flap or when cutting small batches of clothing. In most cases, automatic nesting is used. Before submitting the fabric to the auto cutter, you need to check its quality.

For this purpose, a Sirkon measuring and grading machine is used. The first function of the machine is to measure the fabric. A coil is placed on the shafts; during winding, an automatic sensor fixes its length, the width is measured manually. The actual length of a roll of fabric sometimes does not correspond to the length stated by the manufacturer, so measurement is extremely important. The width is no less important: if it is different, this complicates the work of the auto-cutting complex, the fabric flooring has to be done at the smallest width, respectively, the largest width falls into the flap or goes to waste. Unstable width, as a rule, is characteristic of cheap Chinese-made fabrics, but they rarely work with them here, preferring high-quality products of domestic production (the same JSC "Mogotex"), Russian or foreign.

The second component of the machine is a translucent stand. During the measurement, tissue passes through it and the specialist visually determines the presence of a marriage. If there are any holes or defects in weaving, the fabric stops running and a chalk mark is made in the margins. Later, when using this roll of fabric in the layout, the defect is either bypassed or cut out. Thus, thanks to the measuring and grading complex, the fabric undergoes double quality control: in the production of fabric - the first time, and the second - before cutting.

After rejection and measurement, the prepared fabric rises to the production area and goes to the automatic cutting and spreading complex. He does the same thing as the cutters (lay the fabric in layers and cut parts from it), only several times faster and more accurately.

First of all, a certain number of fabric cuts of a given length is loaded into the flooring complex. After that, the mechanism will automatically lay it in even layers. He moves around the stand like a carriage, while laying the fabric more accurately and faster than a person. After the fabric is laid, the stand is blown from below by air, an air cushion is created, which reduces the friction of the fabric on the table and facilitates its transportation to the cutting part of the complex.

A cutting map is loaded into the computer memory of the cutting part of the complex, which contains the exact coordinates of all the blanks that the knife will cut.

Before cutting, a paper layout printed on a plotter is placed on the fabric laid out in several layers - for visual control by the operator of the accuracy of the knife. Then all this is covered with foil and sealed with vacuum, which is created thanks to the built-in compressor.

The lower part of the stand is a breathable canvas of brushes with fine fibers, through which the compressor takes in air. In addition, the villi allow the knife blade to freely penetrate the fabric, without resting on the "bottom" of the stand when cutting.

After the flooring is fixed and compacted, a head with a knife, equipped with a separate clamping device, passes along a contour set by the program. Before the incision is made, the tissue section along which the head resembles is additionally pressed. Thanks to the combination of vacuum and pressure device, the fabric is completely immobile during cutting, it does not slip on the stand, which eliminates the possibility of a marriage.

The advantages of such equipment over manual labor are obvious: higher cutting accuracy, increased labor productivity (3-4 times higher compared to manual cutting) and gap-free (the fabric area is used as efficiently as possible).

The finished cut pieces are removed from the stand and put into boxes for sending to a sewing factory. The accompanying documents are also put here: a technical sketch, a specification of cut details for the model and a table of measurements of the finished product - what parameters it should correspond to (sleeve length, waist width, shoulder, etc.). The cut pieces of fabric are laid with paper, on which the encoding is indicated. This is done in order to make it easier to lay them out of the box and compare the presence and quantity of all parts of the future product with the specification.

During the cutting process, flaps may remain. For example, if a 10-meter roll was tucked into the complex, and according to the layout, 7 meters were needed, then a 3-meter cut remains. It is no longer suitable for the subsequent 7-meter filling, so it is defined as a flap and stored on a rack for further processing. Most of the flaps are hand-cut at the factory.

An important aid in the production of insulated clothing models is the quilting apparatus. With its help, the so-called quilted bags are formed, in which the lining, spunbond and insulation are sewn together. Sintepon, Fibertek and Thinsulate are used as the main heaters. Spunbond is used as additional protection from the wind, it also excludes the migration of insulation fibers through the outer layer to the surface of the clothing.

Previously, all these operations had to be performed separately: insulation, lining, spunbond was cut. Then all this had to be folded, stitched, and only then the details of the clothes were sewn together. The use of the quilting apparatus made it possible to significantly increase labor productivity, except for a number of operations.

The principle of the apparatus is simple. First, rolls of stitched materials are "loaded" into it. On a special stand, synthetic threads in bobbins are installed - they will be used for the top of the future seam. On the back of the machine, small metal cocoons are placed in special holders, each of which contains spindle-shaped coils. This is the basis for the bottom of the future seam. When the machine is in operation, the upper and lower threads are intertwined in the quilted fabric and a stitch is formed.

The output is a roll of stitched multilayer material, which can be immediately cut and sewn into a finished product.

Quilted bags vary in thickness and composition. The "recipe" of the layers is compiled by the technologist and varies depending on the tasks and the area of \u200b\u200bapplication of the workwear.

Quilted bag rolls are quite bulky, especially if many layers are formed. For ease of transportation to sewing factories, the bags are vacuum packed - their volume is reduced by half.

There is a category of special clothing, the task of which is to completely isolate the wearer from moisture. The fabrics that are used in the production of such clothing are of the membrane type, they allow air to pass through, but do not let moisture inside. Finished products are equipped with buttons, zippers and plastic buttons - to prevent rusting. The result is completely waterproof suits that keep workers dry even in the worst rainstorm.

But if there are no problems with the choice of material for such clothes, then the places where the parts of the clothes are attached to each other need additional waterproofing. There are two types of sealed seams: bonded with heat shrink tape and fully welded seams.

The seam gluing machine works according to the following principle: first, seams are sewn on a sewing machine, then a tape is placed on top, which heats up and "sticks" to the fabric. This completely isolates the holes from the needle, water cannot enter them. After gluing the seams, the finished product becomes completely waterproof, and the air passes through without problems, allowing the human skin to breathe.

The second way to create airtight seams is to fasten clothing parts with high frequency current. Such seams are made on the appropriate equipment located in the city of Chechersk.

In order to reduce transportation costs, the waterproofing garment material is delivered directly here. The process of creating future clothes begins traditionally: the cutter cuts the blanks from the material according to the patterns. Cutting is carried out on a 6-meter stand, manually, using an electric cutting knife.

The cut workpieces go to the high frequency current (high frequency current) machines made in Poland, where they are soldered in the places specified by the clothing model. The operator places the material, “takes aim”, presses the pedal - the protective shield is lowered. Then a current flows through the contact electrode inside the chamber, soldering the parts of the clothing. The machines allow you to adjust the frequency and current strength for a specific material so that a high-quality soldering occurs, and the material itself is not burned. Similarly, the attachment points for pockets and locks are soldered.

All of the above actions are only the first part of the process of creating clothes. Both the formed quilted bags and the finished cut details go further - to the sewing industry. In Rogachev, Borisov, Novogrudok and Lepel there are garment factories of Stetskevich-Spetsodezhda JLLC equipped with a modern ETON transportation system. These automated production lines from Sweden help to optimize the sewing workflow "from" to "to".

First, the details of clothing go through the procurement section - pockets, cuffs, collars are harvested. Almost all of these processes are automated. For example, a separate machine is responsible for the production of buttonholes. A fabric blank is inserted into it, the pedal is pressed - the foot is lowered and the loop is being sewn (in this case, its right and left sides are sewn immediately). After that, bartacks are made here (the seams are strengthened in places of the greatest tension of the fabric), and the entrance to the loop is cut with a special knife.

Buttons are sewn on a semiautomatic button nearby. The algorithm of actions is similar: a button is tucked into a special holder, the pedal is pressed - one side of the button is sewn, then the other is sewn in the same way, after which the threads are automatically cut.

After the procurement section, all items of clothing are sent to the conveyor. The entire technological sequence of sewing the product is set by the technologist, this program is entered into the computer, where its time in seconds is prescribed for each operation. The types of operations, in turn, are distributed according to "stations" - seamstresses' jobs. One sews the cuffs to the sleeves, the other sews the sleeves to the top, etc. Thus, the process of sewing any type of workwear becomes strictly regulated both in terms of operations and time.

At the beginning of the technological chain of the transport system, the master hangs the prepared parts on special hangers with clothespins. On each hanger, he forms a strictly defined set of parts for stitching - in accordance with the operations performed by this or that "station". The master hangs one set - and he leaves for the "station", while it is being processed there, the master hangs the second set, etc.

The hangers travel along the conveyor to a place determined by the program, where the seamstress removes them, sews them and sends them to the next station ... Thus, the continuity of the garment is achieved.

In the stream, from 700 to 1000 parts are simultaneously "spinning", and the average output from the conveyor is 500-700 suits per shift. All operations are evenly distributed among the seamstresses. If one of them does not keep up (spends a little more time on the operation), hangers with details begin to accumulate around it. The technologist-operator sees this on the computer and immediately redirects the accumulated hangers to the "station" / seamstress that copes faster. This eliminates downtime, all seamstresses are evenly loaded. Net time savings downstream up to 30%.

In addition, the use of the ETON system allows you to avoid unnecessary movements of workers: they are in one place and do not waste time transferring parts from the procurement area to the workplace. In the end, due to the minimization of movements on the line, the optimal number of workers always works, there are simply no extra people here.

If at the “start” of an automated line, details of future clothes are hung, then at the “finish” a completely finished product comes off, which is loaded onto a trolley and taken to the packaging area. There, the clothes undergo final quality control, they are labeled, folded and sent to the finished product warehouse.

As a result, the widest assortment of overalls, for every taste and color, for any needs and requirements, gets on store shelves. Clothes, all elements of which are made of high quality materials and sewn using the most modern equipment. Clothes that are pleasant to wear at work, whether you are a pediatrician, a lumberjack, or a construction worker. Clothes that protect you.