Who can be a witness to a groom, a friend at a wedding? Who can be a witness in court? Testimony in Civil Procedure

Who can be a witness at a wedding?
and other frequently asked questions about witnesses

There are many signs and questions related to witnesses. Someone says that witnesses are required, others that they are not. Someone heard something about the law, which says that witnesses are no longer needed in the registry office. The same problem with the choice of witnesses: whether to take those who are married or unmarried, is it possible to take relatives. We will try to answer all questions.

1. It is worth starting with the fact that witnesses in the registry office and the Wedding Palace are no longer required. They do sign at the wedding ceremony, however, you need to understand that the solemn wedding ceremony is nothing more than a small show for guests. In fact, the newlyweds have already signed, and their marriage was registered 20 minutes before. Witnesses are no longer required by law. Therefore, you may not have them at all.

2. At the wedding, the presence of witnesses is desirable, but also not required. Witnesses hold crowns over the heads of the newlyweds. If there are no witnesses, then the crowns are simply placed on the heads of the bride and groom.

3. Initially, it is believed that the witness is the unmarried friend of the groom, the witness is the unmarried girlfriend of the bride. Many people follow this rule. However, from the point of view of the church, on the contrary, it is desirable for the witness and witness to be married. Therefore, if your witness and witness is husband and wife - so it is possible. If the witness is married, but the witness is not, this is also possible. If it's the other way around, it's also possible. If the witness or witness is your relatives - this also happens, and this is a normal situation.

4. Several witnesses. A rather rare situation, but also occurs when the bride or groom has several witnesses. In this case, the witnesses mean close friends or girlfriends.

5. Previously, witnesses were very involved in the presenters' program, most of the competitions were built on them, and they were subjected to all kinds of tests. The modern presenters have preserved only the abduction of the bride, which takes place at the request of the guests and newlyweds, and the witness and the groom are often tested, but these are rather conditional tests.

The times when the whole banquet was chased to the tail and the mane are already coming to an end. In addition, it is worth discussing this issue with your presenter, especially if your witnesses are not very active and shy. Better to warn them not to be touched too much.

6. It is not at all necessary to buy and wear "Honorary Witness" ribbons and even badges. If the icons still look quite modern, then the ribbons are already the last century, it is better without them.

Organization of a wedding is very pleasant, but also quite troublesome. Therefore, part of the wedding chores is passed on to the closest friends of the newlyweds - their witnesses. Witnesses can be asked to help with the wedding itself or to provide services to the bride and groom. The choice of witnesses is a very important step, because not only the celebration itself depends on this, but in many respects the future family life of the newlyweds. Therefore, the bride and groom have many questions. Who can be chosen as a witness? How many times can you be? But first things first.

Many people think that the witness has no obligations to the bride. But this is a fundamentally wrong opinion. Without the help of a close friend, the holiday can be completely ruined by some trifle.

What responsibilities and signs are associated with a wedding witness?

The bridesmaid can have as much pleasant trouble as the bride herself. Together they have to choose a wedding dress, pick up accessories for it. In addition, a lot of pleasant troubles can be entrusted to the witness: to draw up a program, think over a script and carry out a ransom ceremony, decorate wedding cars and a celebration hall.

On the wedding day, it is the witness who makes sure that the newlywed is the most beautiful. She adjusts the bride's hair and makeup, adjusts her dress when getting in and out of the car, holds flowers during the marriage registration ceremony and exchange of rings. But the most important thing for the bride is the moral support of the witness!

Wedding witness - signs

Popular wisdom says: “Trust in God, but don’t make a mistake yourself”. Therefore, in preparation for the celebration, you can be a little superstitious and believe in signs.

- Can a married woman be a witness?

A wedding witness must be single. If married people are witnesses, it will lead to an early divorce of the couple.

- How many times can you be a witness at a wedding?

In this capacity, you can only be at the weddings of close friends 2 times. In the third, the girlfriend herself will be the bride.

- Can a sister be a witness at a wedding?

Invite loved ones to the role of a witness relatives (brothers, sisters) is considered a bad omen.

-Can the witness be older than the bride?

The age of the witness is very important. She must be at least 1 day younger than the spouse.

A witness who believes in wedding signs can make several wedding rituals for herself during the celebration. For example, do it yourself as a decoration for the bride's wedding dress. During the wedding ceremony, you can pull the bride a little on the hem of the dress. Immediately at the banquet, the witness must quietly move over the edge of the table and pull the tablecloth slightly towards herself. All this will help her to "pull" her own.

Any person can be a witness. who may be aware of any circumstances relevant to the case (clause 1 of article 25.6 of the Administrative Code, article 61 of the Code of Civil Procedure, article 56 of the Code of Criminal Procedure). Attempts to delete from the number of witnesses a brother, matchmaker or childhood friend, due to their relationship and "interest", are groundless and illegal.

The refusal to include these witnesses in the protocol falls under the disposition of Article 292 of the Criminal Code “Service forgery”. A witness cannot be: - a judge, a juror - about the circumstances of the criminal case, which became known to them in connection with participation in the criminal proceedings; - a lawyer or defender - on those issues that became known to him in the performance of his duties; - a clergyman - about the circumstances that became known to him from confession; - a member of the Federation Council, a deputy of the State Duma without their consent - about the circumstances that became known to them in connection with the exercise of their powers, - people with a physical / mental disability, which does not allow them to correctly perceive the facts and give evidence.

This is where the list of restrictions ends. When summoned by the relevant authority, the witness must appear and give truthful testimony.

Legal advice: who can be a witness in court? The procedure for calling witnesses to the trial

The procedure for calling for a trial. Who can be in court?

A witness is a person who knows any information that is important for the consideration and resolution of a court case. When giving evidence in court, you must indicate the source of your knowledge.

Otherwise, the information provided by him will not serve as evidence. Procedure for summoning a witness to the court A witness is summoned to the court by one of the parties on a motion that must indicate which particular circumstances relevant to the case, he can confirm.

When considering any case, the court, as a rule, uses testimony along with other evidence. can be any natural person who knows any circumstances relevant to the case.

The basis of the testimony of a witness is formed by factual data that was perceived by him personally or gleaned from another known source (for example, from another person).

Testimony in Civil Procedure

Rights and obligations of a witness. Evidence immunity. as a participant in the proceedings - a person summoned by the court to testify about the circumstances of the case known to him.

Testimony is the actual statements made by the witness to the court. Any person who may be aware of any relevant circumstances may be summoned as.

In most cases, testimony is given about circumstances that they perceived personally, that they themselves saw and heard.

Testimony of witnesses

- This is a person summoned to court to report information about directly perceived or communicated to him facts that are important for the case. He differs from the persons participating in the case in that he has no legal interest in the outcome of the case.

However, experts as sources of evidence do not have such a legal interest in the outcome of the case.

Witnesses in court

Testimony in court. Which will the court believe Any citizen who knows something about the circumstances of the case under consideration can become. It is such people that lawyers are looking for, whom clients turn to with a request to provide them with practical assistance.

This person is obliged to inform the court of the following facts: directly perceived by him; which were communicated to him in relation to this case. This person is therefore a witness because he did not take part in the case, which means he cannot be an interested party.

Who cannot be a witness in court

What rights and responsibilities do you have? in accordance with Art. 41 of the Code of Civil Procedure, any person who knows any circumstances related to the case under consideration can be a witness.

This means that the law does not establish restrictions on being either based on age, or on the basis of family relations. The restrictions imposed by law are of a different nature.

Wedding omens are a favorite topic for ridicule of those who are not going to the aisle yet. But it is very sharp for the one for whom the wedding day is shining in the near future. The bride and groom want to strengthen your marriage even before its start, that they resort to all the tricks and adhere to all, even the strangest traditions.

Witnesses at the wedding, as the closest people of the newlyweds, are carefully selected for an important and responsible role - to confirm the legality of the marriage at the ceremony. Who can be a witness at a wedding? Do you need such a hard casting? What personality traits should an ideal witness or witness have?

The main purpose of witnesses is to tirelessly watch over the newlyweds.

Down with married couples?

The answer to the question "why should witnesses be single?" hardly anyone knows. But the people say that this is due to the wonderful tradition of guests to shout "Bitter to witnesses!" and make them kiss in front of the crowd.

At the same time, no one is interested in the stage of acquaintance of a friend and a friend, and how attractive they are in the eyes of each other

Can you imagine if such "Bitter!" 10 times a night, and the spouses are witnesses as guests at the banquet ?! The reason for the traditional fight at the wedding is provided twice. Not to mention, I will admit that sex witnesses - the guarantee of family happiness for newlyweds.

How to choose the right bridesmaid?

The friend is the bride's main assistant at the wedding. While mom is shedding tears from happiness and pride for her beautiful daughter, she has no time for unrealistic troubles. In addition, the main problems of preparing the wedding fell on the parents' shoulders. Fatigue and nervousness will sooner or later affect at the most inopportune moment.

This is where it appears the main talent, and tasks are formed witnesses:

• organize a bachelorette party;
• help the bride with clothes, makeup and hair;
• it is profitable to “sell” it to the groom for ransom;
• do not forget to take with you to the registry office, to a photo session and to a restaurant all the important and necessary things for the bride: from a powder box to a spare pair of nylon tights;
• endure the whole brunt of the wedding procedure, if any;
• help guests, photographer and other guests;
• wipe away the tears of the bride's parents and entertain them;
• to participate in all competitions of toastmaster (even in vulgar and "with a beard") and many, many other important and funny things.

The witness is the bride's right hand at the wedding

Suitable for such a role is not just a close friend, but close friend with a light character and a good sense of humor, ready to endure all the hardships for the benefit of the new unit of society. Can a sister be a witness at a sister's wedding in this case? Of course it can! If there are wonderful warm sisterly relations between the young ladies - go ahead and with the song! If there is even the slightest doubt about the loyalty and honesty of the future friend, immediately "set aside." Otherwise, the whole success of the holiday is in question.

Many also question the age of the witnesses, because they do not know exactly how old it is to be a witness at a wedding.

Little witnesses at a wedding - the tenderness of a modest ceremony

We answer - from anyone. There are no strict rules here, this is a formality from the point of view of the law. Minor witnesses are also admitted to the marriage registration procedure. Therefore, invite those who will undoubtedly help you in everything. Even a beloved grandmother, even a teenager's sister.

Witness casting. Relative or friend?

The primary task of a good witness is to organize an unforgettable bachelor party, but at the same time do not lose the groom and not to destroy a marriage that has not yet begun. Therefore, on the one hand, the witness must be prudent and calm, like a koala bear, on the other hand, cheerful and active in order to fulfill his main functions:

• help the toastmaster and be the ringleader in all her endeavors;
• slow down the groom and the groom's dad in time, so that they do not go over too much with a drink;
• be charming and courteous with the groom's mother, with the bride and witness;
• to throw jokes and toasts sparklingly;
• do not be carried out on provocations and ransom the bride before registration, her stolen shoe, and then the bride herself during the banquet;
• be physically fit to withstand the ceremony and not drop the wedding crown.

Witness - cheerleader and soul of the company

Taking a sibling or relative as a witness is not prohibited at all in this case. Good witnesses are generally worth their weight in gold, they are taken apart like hot cakes. If you personally are one of those, then you should think about how many times you can be a witness at a wedding. The people and their wisdom in this matter are completely ambiguous. Numbers range from two to six.

Superstition insists that the seventh wedding should definitely be for both the witness and the witness

But no one keeps real statistics in this matter, so rely, perhaps, on your intuition.

What kind of boyfriend and boyfriend should be in order to bring happiness to the newlyweds' house is not so important if these are people who are truly close to you, who really worry about the ceremony and the further family life of the bride and groom.

Can wedding witnesses be married or divorced? Energy of someone else's marriage

The popular belief that witnesses should only be single, and a boycott for married or ex-married is due to several reasons and nuances.

Will an unmarried witness bring happiness

First, betrothed-mummers do not take divorced men and women as witnesses, because believe in bad energy of people, whose marriage did not work out. Like, these dispersed, we will disperse too.

Secondly, the main reason why you cannot take your husband and wife as friends is to take care of them.

The people predict parting, first of all, to witnesses, after such a role

And there, the newly-made spouses can quarrel and disperse after them. And who wants the misfortune of his own, still very young family? So, taking a married couple as a witness is a double loss.

Thirdly, being married, a witness at a wedding will not be able to feel free and uninhibited enough under the watchful eye of his wife. Role "Best man" implies some lightheartedness, and a married witness to this carelessness definitely does not contribute (especially her husband).

To summarize, a married person is not the most welcome guest as a witness at a wedding. But, we emphasize again that there are no official statistics on these issues. And if your best contenders for the role of the main support at a wedding are married, divorced or married to each other - do not be discouraged. And just believe less in omens, and more in your love.

Good Friends - Happy Wedding

Who else cannot be a witness? Friendship is above all

Omens are a strange and fickle thing. You can believe in them, and everything will be fine. And you can ignore it, and everything will be fine too.

But it is more correct to always put common sense above all superstitions.

Proceeding from this, you cannot take as witnesses - rude, jealous, envious and just boring people who do not wish you happiness and do not worry about organizing the celebration.

Witnesses should not be lazy or indifferent. After all, the success of the wedding day depends on their activity, good mood and friendly feelings. Choose important and beloved people for this important role, and the rest - grandmother's tales. May you live happily ever after!

As we have already said, the testimony of the traffic police inspector in relation to the traffic violation you committed is only part of the evidence. An equally important part is the testimony of witnesses.

As a rule, the traffic police inspector does not have such witnesses! And he knows about it. It is no coincidence that he submits the undeformed protocol for your signature.

Previously, when the protocol was drawn up in a single copy and remained with the traffic police inspector, the testimonies and names of witnesses could appear there later, without your participation. Now, with the amendments to the legislation, the protocol is drawn up in two copies, one of which remains with the driver.

Thus, the legislator tried to protect you from the arbitrariness of unscrupulous traffic police inspectors. For this, many thanks to him!

But this does not mean that during the consideration of the case, the prosecutor or in court from the traffic police will not appear witnesses and their testimony on separate sheets of paper. The situation might look like this. Appealing against the actions or the decision of the traffic police inspector to impose a fine, you come to the prosecutor's office or court. You are shown testimonies of other drivers or pedestrians written on separate sheets of paper: one allegedly changed a punctured wheel not far away, the other was walking with a dog, a couple in love were kissing in the entrance, from which the street was visible. Examples can be continued. All these "witnesses" will write that they saw your traffic violation. The reasons are also indicated why they were not entered into the protocol, but came to the traffic police department after some time on "their own initiative."

If you are faced with such a situation, feel free to file a motion to summon these witnesses to an administrative case. Believe me, you will be happy to watch how your lawyer will bring them to the surface, questioning them on the merits of the case. In addition, you can apply to the prosecutor's office and the glorified personnel inspection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine with a request to check the protocols drawn up by your traffic police inspector and his shift colleagues over the past two years. You look, such "witnesses" will come to light in other conflicts ...

A typical violation of the rights of citizens is the refusal of the traffic police inspector to enter the data of your passengers in the "Witnesses" section of the protocol. At the same time, the inspector's favorite saying is: “Passengers are not witnesses, but interested persons.”

But can a wife, mother-in-law, godfather, matchmaker, brother, neighbor or colleague be witnesses? Without a doubt, yes !!!

Art. 272 of the Administrative Code of Ukraine states: "Any person who is aware of any circumstances to be established in this case can be summoned as a witness in a case of an administrative offense."

Art. 50 of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine: "Any person who may be aware of any circumstances related to the case can be a witness."

In all comments to these articles, it is emphasized that citizens who are in kinship, friendship, hostility and other relations with persons participating in the case can act as witnesses. However, these circumstances are taken into account by the court when assessing the reliability of the testimony.

ATTENTION! Only the court evaluates the testimony, and the traffic police inspector must be a bona fide registrar. He is obliged to enter into the protocol the data of all passengers who witnessed what is happening, and your task is to carefully follow this when signing the protocol.

REMEMBER! When the traffic police inspector does not enter the names of your passengers in the protocol or presents “dummy” witnesses, he is committing a criminal offense under Art. 172 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine "Service forgery", which implies responsibility for the introduction of deliberately false information by an official into official documents and provides for punishment in the form of imprisonment for up to 3 years. And in case of grave consequences (for example, today, causing you damage of more than UAH 425 - the average fine) - from 3 to 7 years in prison.

You had witnesses in your car, but this fact was not reflected in the protocol. It turns out that there were no witnesses. And vice versa - in reality there were no prosecution witnesses, but at the behest of the inspector they appear. In both cases, the inspector introduced deliberately false information into the official document, thereby committing an official forgery.

There are also such cases. When registering a violation committed by you, the traffic police inspector as witnesses attracts the drivers stopped after you, especially to sign the protocol. They say to him: “Do you see the number 100 on the radar? Sign here mulberries. " And they sign, do not hesitate, for joy - that they were not stopped for their own violation, if only they would let go of the pick-up. And again, your lawyer will experience delight in interrogating such “witnesses” in court.

ATTENTION! If a similar situation arises, ask the “witnesses” a question: did they see with their own eyes (and not from the words of the traffic police inspector) the violation you made? Be sure to tell them that they will be summoned to court as witnesses. Educate them and tell them that according to Art. 384 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine for giving deliberately false testimony comes criminal responsibility (up to two years in prison). Surely after this, the "witnesses" will think: is it worth signing for what they have not seen? And the traffic police inspector can be reminded of the criminal liability for coercion to give false testimony.

Can the second traffic police inspector, who is on patrol, be a witness? In theory, yes. But! One of the fundamental principles of jurisprudence prohibits the combination of procedural functions. This means that neither the policeman, nor the investigator in charge of the case, nor the prosecutor in charge of supervision, nor the judge considering the case in a court of any instance, can be witnesses in it !!!

The testimony of the second traffic police inspector in the case of an administrative offense is not exhaustive and will be evaluated on a par with other evidence obtained in accordance with the procedure established by law.

REMEMBER! The traffic police inspector, who draws up the protocol on his own behalf, is a representative of the prosecution, not a witness.