The month of Safar has come. Is it true that this is a month of disasters and misfortunes? The beginning of the month of Safar is a time of prayer and tranquility Superstition and prejudice

The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar used in Islam to determine the dates of religious holidays. 2017 in the Muslim calendar - 1438 Hijri. The editorial board publishes a calendar of Muslim holy days.

In 2017, Ragaib Night falls on March 30th.

It is believed that the name of this night was given by the angels. This year Ragaib Night falls on March 30th. On this night, dua are accepted, and an incalculable reward will be given for the performed prayers, fasting and sadaqa. This night, according to the clergy, it is advisable to spend in worship, performing nafil-namaz, reading the Koran and dhikr, and also asking for forgiveness for the sins committed. Before that night, that is, on Thursday, it is advisable to fast.

On the night of April 23, the Muslim world celebrates the Miraj holiday - the journey of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Jerusalem and his ascension to heaven.

On this day, after the obligatory night prayer, it is customary to perform a special prayer in honor of this event.

The sacred Night of Baraat (Night of cleansing from sins) is celebrated by believers on the night of May 10.

Theologians say that this is the second most important holy night in Islam after Laylat al-Qadr (Night of the Destiny). The word "baraat" is translated from the Arabic language as innocence, innocence, purity, liberation. According to Islamic tradition, on this night God shows mercy to all people, except for the adherents of polytheism and those in whose hearts there is malice. Muslims treat this night with special trepidation, dedicate it to prayers, asking Allah for mercy and forgiveness. Some of the interpreters of the Book of Allah believe that the Koran was sent down on the Night of Kadr, and according to others, the Holy Book was sent down entirely to the firmament of the earth precisely on the Night of Baraat.

The night of Laylat al-Qadr, or the Night of Power and Predestination, will come in 2017 on the night of June 21.

According to sources, Laylat al-Qadr is the night when angels descend to earth, and the prayer pronounced on this night has much more power than all prayers in the year. This is the night when the fate of every person, his life path, difficulties and trials to be passed, are predetermined in heaven, and if you spend this night in prayers, in understanding your deeds and possible mistakes, then Allah will forgive him his sins and be merciful. Therefore, it is customary to hold Laylat al-Qadr in a mosque. It is also believed that at this time all evil retreats from people - the night is filled with good and peace.

The holiday of the end of the fast - Oraza ait will be held on June 25.

The tradition of charitable donations (alms) is very important, when food or money is collected for those in need. It is believed that it is equally important before the holiday to ask for forgiveness from those to whom you are guilty and, in turn, forgive everyone.

Araf Day is celebrated on August 31.

According to theologians, this is the most valuable day of the year. For doing good deeds on this day, the reward increases many times, as well as the amount of punishment for sins.

Kurban Ait in 2017 falls on September 1.

The Feast of Sacrifice is one of the two great festivals in Islam, celebrated on the tenth day of the twelfth month of the Muslim calendar - Zul-Hijja. The essence of the holiday is to approach God, turn to him. The very word "qurban" in the Muslim tradition means approach. According to tradition, in the days of Kurban Ait, the believer should show love and mercy to his neighbors, help those in need. One third of the meat of the sacrificial animal is given to the poor as alms.

September 2, 3 and 4 are the days of Tashrik.

On these holidays, theologians advise Muslims to increase the reading of the Koran, dhikr and takbirs many times over. Scientists divide takbirs into two groups.

Muslims will celebrate the New Year 1439 Hijri on September 21.

Islamic chronology begins with the resettlement of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib (later called Medina). Hijra, which means resettlement in Arabic, is an Islamic calendar drawn up in accordance with the Koran, and its strict observance is the sacred duty of every Muslim. At the heart of the Muslim Hijri calendar is the lunar annual cycle. The lunar year is shorter than the solar one and is 354-355 days, and therefore from year to year there is a kind of shift of the solar calendar from the lunar by 11-12 days. The months of the Hijri are in no way tied to the seasons and seasonal work, so the new year can begin at different times of the year - in summer, autumn, and winter.

Ashura Day in 2017 falls on September 30.

On this day, according to the Qur'an, the creation of heaven, earth, angels, the first man - Adam, falls. On Ashura Day, believers thank God. In addition, on this holiday, it is customary to do as many good deeds as possible.

Safar is the second month of the Hijri calendar, in which Muharram is the first month. This year, the first day of Safar falls on October 21.

The origin of the name of the month of Safar

One of the meanings of the word "safar" is "to turn yellow", "to become yellow," according to another opinion, the word "safar" is derived from the word "isfar", which means "emptiness." In the pre-Islamic period, it was the autumn month, when the leaves turned yellow, and the Arabs went on wanderings.

2) one of the unlucky rites, according to prejudices, is the rite of marriage (nikah) in this month, therefore, marriage this month is postponed;

The hadith says: "In Islam there is no place for tashaum (bad omens, pessimistic interpretations), the best is tafaul (optimistic interpretations)" (Imam al-Bukhari).

Another saying of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ says: "There is no place for superstitions (bad omens) associated with the sick, birds, owls, the month of Safar" (Imam al-Bukhari, 5316).

Also the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “There is no bad omen in things. There is no ill omen in the month of Safar. There is no bad omen in the cry of an owl " (Imam Muslim, Salam, 102).

Speaking of calendar months, the Prophet ﷺ noted: "All months are the months of Allah, all the days are the days of Allah" ... In another saying, the myth is debunked that in the month of Safar one cannot go on a journey, in particular, go to perform a small hajj (umrah): "Umrah is permitted at any time" (Imam al-Bukhari, Hajj, 777).

As we can see, the hadiths testify that in Islam there is no place for such false worldviews, and the month of Safar itself is not a month of misfortunes. Muslims should not be guided by prejudices, which the Prophet одно unambiguously denied. In the month of Safar, you should not postpone marriage, other important business and travel.

The month of Safar has many virtues, just like other months of the year. Godly deeds performed this month,

The month of Safar al-Khair has come - the second month according to the Muslim calendar. We all know that Muslims all worship, important dates and events are associated with the lunar calendar. And some stereotypes are associated with the month of Safar, for which there are no grounds in Sharia.

Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in a hadith narrated from Abu Hurayrah said: “ No adva, no ammat, no safar ". (Muslim and Bukhari).

I.e, " adva» – an infection, a disease that is transmitted from one person to another, « amate» – this is the transmigration of souls (the Arabs believed that after death the soul and body turn into a bird), and " Safar» - what people associate with the month of Safar (troubles, misfortunes)... Indeed, without the will of Allah, an infectious disease cannot be transmitted. Also, by the will of the Almighty, an entire city may perish, and one of its inhabitants may remain alive, or vice versa.

Some of these false beliefs about the month of Safar were passed down from Jahili times, and some were introduced after. Belief in the unfavorableness of the month of Safar, as well as the unfavorableness of getting married, offering to marry, going on a journey, etc. during this month, as we noted above, is contrary to the teachings of Islam.

In pre-Islamic times, the Arabs considered this month ominous. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) rejected such beliefs and ideas about the month of Safar and said on this occasion: There is nothing wrong with the month of Safar » ( Bukhari).

Therefore, for Muslims who consider themselves followers of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it would be wrong to imitate non-Muslims, believing in what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) unambiguously denied.

There is no particular time that in itself could be considered bad, but our actions can be both good and bad. The time spent doing good deeds will be good, and the time spent in sinful deeds and disobeying Allah Almighty will be bad and ominous.

Hence, the month of Safar itself is not ominous. Ominous are bad deeds and wrong beliefs that must be abandoned and repentant. There is no need to postpone marriage, marriage proposal, travel and other matters because of such superstitions.

May Allah Almighty not deprive all Muslims of the prudence to accept all the wonderful teachings of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), follow them and abandon everything that is contrary to the teachings of Islam.

Abdula Abdulkhamidov

Safar has no less merits and advantages than other months of the year, and Allah also favorably accepts prayers, dua (prayers) and other pious deeds performed this month, as in other months.

Prejudice

The month of Safar, in pre-Islamic times, people considered ominous, especially its first 13 days - they tried not to get married and in every possible way protected themselves and their families from the possible approach of evil and misfortune.

With the advent of the Prophet Muhammad, all bad omens and omens, as contrary to the teachings of Islam, were abolished. Although, many people still mistakenly associate all disasters - diseases, curses, business failures and other misfortunes with the onset of the month of Safar.

The Prophet said: "All months are the months of Allah, all the days are the days of Allah." Based on this, any day, week, month, depending on the will of Allah, can be bad and good - if a person sins at this time, he will be punished by Allah, and if he does good deeds, then the time will be successful for him.

Pilgrims arriving for Hajj in Mecca perform namaz in Medina Refuting the misconception of the month of Safar and the historical events of Islamic society. For example, the beloved daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, Fatima, married Ali in the month of Safar.

Thus, according to Islam, there is no such time of year or such month that is considered unfavorable. In addition, the Night of the Prophet's Migration from Mecca to Medina is celebrated in the month of Safar.

Relocation night

The night of the Hijri (translated from Arabic "migration"), which is established in memory of the resettlement of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib (later called Medina), falls on the 27th of the month of Safar. According to the Gregorian calendar in 2017, this night falls on November 16.

The adherents of Islam at that time in Mecca were severely oppressed, and the believers asked the prophet to move to another place where they can freely live, pray and preach. The Messenger of Allah pointed to the city of Yathrib, where Jewish and Arab tribes, always at war with each other, lived, who hoped that the appearance of a prophet next to them would put an end to their strife, and the long-awaited peace would come.

Muslims pray at the Kaaba, an Islamic shrine at the Great Mosque in the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia. This is one of the main places that gathers, according to the Qur'anic instructions, pilgrims during the Hajj. The journey of the first Muslims was secret, they set off at night, taking with them only the essentials. During the four months, while the prophet and his closest associates remained in Mecca, a Muslim community and a brotherhood of Muhajirs (immigrants) grew in Medina.

The enemies of the prophet in Mecca, meanwhile, conspired and wanted to kill him. According to legend, Allah revealed their evil intent to Muhammad and ordered him to perform the hijra that same night. After overcoming many difficulties, the prophet reached Medina, where he was greeted by delighted fellow believers.

Since that time, Islam began to spread throughout the Arabian Peninsula, and the night of Muhammad's exit from Mecca marked the beginning of a new chronology - the lunar Muslim calendar, according to which the Muslim world lives today.

The year of resettlement of Muslims in Medina (according to the Christian calendar - 622 AD) is considered the beginning of the Muslim era.

Pilgrims in Mecca The new Muslim chronology, in which the starting point was the day of Muhammad's exodus from Mecca to Medina, was introduced in 638 by one of his close associates and the second caliph, Omar ibn al-Khattab.

What does Safar mean

The very name of the month is associated with two beliefs that have ancient roots. According to one of them, the month was named so because of the desolation (isfaar) of Mecca, that is, all the inhabitants left it when they traveled during this month.

According to the other, the name of the month of Safar is associated with the yellow color, as it comes in the midst of the autumn season, when the season of yellow leaves prevailed in nature.

The literary translation of the word "safar" is also associated with a natural phenomenon and literally means "whistling breath of the wind", suggesting the state of the weather this month.

Pilgrims in the city of Medina The name of the month is associated with another fact. Some sources say that at this time they usually raided other tribes, and left those with whom they came into conflict without property (sifran min al-mataa) - that is, they appropriated everything that belonged to them and left them with nothing than.

Hijri day

Safar is preceded by the holy month of Muharram, on the first day of which the new year 1439 Hijri began. Ras as Sanaa (Hijri Day) in 2017 falls on September 21 according to the Gregorian calendar.

It is not customary for Muslims to celebrate the onset of the Lunar New Year in a special way. On this day, a sermon is read in mosques dedicated to the transfer of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina.

The Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg Muslims spend the first day of the month of Muharram in prayer, as they are sure that if they diligently pray during this period for the forgiveness of sins and do good deeds, they will receive God's blessing and the rest of the year will be prosperous.

The first 10 days of the new year are considered blessed in the Muslim world for all good beginnings. At this time, it is customary to play weddings, start building houses and make plans for the future.

The month of Muharram itself - along with the months of Rajab, Zul Qaad and Zul-Hijjah - every Muslim should try to spend in the service of the Almighty, who forbade conflicts, blood feuds, wars and so on for this time.

One of Muhammad's sayings says: "Muharram is the best thing for fasting after the month of Ramadan." Another saying says: "He who fasted one day in the month of Muharram is rewarded as for 30 fasts." According to another saying, a great reward awaits a Muslim who observes the fast on Thursday, Friday and Sunday in the month of Muharram.

Heydar Mosque in Baku Fasting during the holy month of Muharram, as well as fasting during the holy month of Ramadan, consists in refusing food during daylight hours, in spiritual cleansing, in devotion to prayers, repentance and worship.

Creation of heaven

The tenth day of the month of Muharram is the Day of Ashura, which, according to the Qur'an, marks the creation of Heaven, Earth, angels, and the first man - Adam. The end of the world is expected on the same day.

Therefore, on this day, as well as on the 9th and 11th months of Muharram, it is advisable to observe fasting and give alms. On this day, the prophet Ibrahim was born, the prophet Isa ascended to heaven, the prophet Musa escaped the persecution of the Pharaoh, the ship of Nuh moored to Mount Judy after the flood, and so on.

Fasting on the day of Ashura, according to one of the hadiths, cleanses a Muslim from sins for the previous and subsequent years, and for a grain of alms (sadaqa) on the day of Ashura, Allah Almighty will give a reward in the amount of Mount Uhud. So, on the Day of Ashura, they distribute sadaqa, make children and loved ones happy, read the Koran and perform other godly deeds.

Rabi al awwal

According to the lunar calendar, Safar will change the month, which in Arabic is called Rabi al Awval, which means the beginning of spring.

In the Muslim calendar, it occupies a special place, since the Messenger of Allah, the Prophet Muhammad, was born on the 12th day of the month Rabi al Awwal.

The Revealed QuranThe birth of Muhammad began to be celebrated only 300 years after the arrival of Islam. According to tradition, the prophet was born around 570 AD in Mecca. However, the exact date of his birth remained unknown, therefore, in Islam, the birthday holiday is actually timed to coincide with the date of Muhammad's death, for death, according to Islam, is nothing more than a birth for eternal life.

On the days of celebrating the birthday of the prophet, everyone should read prayers dedicated to Muhammad, both in the mosque and at home, but the most pious deed is visiting the grave of the Messenger of Allah in Medina and praying in his mosque.

At this time, it is customary to express joy at the arrival of Muhammad, whom Muslims consider the last messenger of God, to come to this world, and to offer thanks to the Almighty, to turn to Allah with prayers, to give alms to the poor and to conduct pious conversations with each other.

Material prepared on the basis of open sources

Today at sunset we are entering a new month of the Islamic calendar - the month of Safar. The month of Safar is the second month of the year (according to the Muslim calendar) and follows the month of Muharram.

There are various hypotheses about the origin of the name of this month, the most popular of which is the following. The word "safar" is translated from Arabic as travel, it is believed that during these months the inhabitants of Mecca and other cities left their homes and made movements either because of the intense heat, or because of wars and battles.

Before the time of Islam, there was a belief that the month of Safar is unlucky and brings failure. People, out of their ignorance, believed that the month of Safar brings illness, is full of curses, failures, and therefore avoided any events and tried in every possible way to protect themselves from troubles. All this is superstition and nothing more, which has nothing to do with Islam. Since Allah is merciful and merciful, any period of time sent down by Him is good, and the onset of misfortune does not depend on the day, hour, or the onset of any particular month. Therefore, to believe that Safar brings misfortune has no basis behind it and is nothing more than a prejudice and superstition. The month of Safar is the most common month, like any other. Time in itself cannot be something bad, as it is given by the Almighty.

One of the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) says:

"Misfortune does not comprehend (man), except with the permission of Allah ..." (Surah Tagabun, ayah 11)

Also in the hadiths of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) regarding this issue, it is said: “Belief in bad omens - shirk. There is nothing wrong with the month of Safar " (Bukhari, Volume 1, p. 857).

“There is no bad omen in things. There is no ill omen in the month of Safar. There is no bad omen in the cry of an owl " (Muslim, Salam, 102).

As for the question of any special worship to be performed in the month of Safar, there is none. A Muslim, just as before, should strive for the satisfaction of the Almighty through obligatory and additional worship, distance from sinfulness and constancy in good deeds.

Dua of the month of Safar

In the month of Safar, you can also make the following dua:

اَللّهُمَّ فَرِّجْنَا بِدُخوُلِ الصَّفَرِ وََاخْتِمْ لَنَا بِالْخَيْرِ وَ الظَّفَرِ

"Allahumma farrizhna bi-duhuli-s-safari wa-htim lana bi-l-hairi wa-z-zafar."

Meaning: “O my Allah! Give us the joy of entering the month of Safar. Honor us to end it with goodness and victory. "

The following dua can also be done throughout the month: “Al-hamdu-lillahi laka-l-hamdu shakuran wa-laka-l man-nu fadlan va-ʼana ʻabduka ʻurfan va-ʼana lizalika ʼahlan. ʼAstavdiuka nafsi va-dini va-dunyaʼi va-ahyrati va-havatimi ʻumuri va-ʻamali va-astavdiʻuka zhamiʻa ummati Muhammadin salla-llahu ʻalaikhi va-sallama bi-shiddati havlik va-batshika va-kuvamda va-kadaqaka galibun va-ya kahkama-l-hakimina va-ya Kasra'a-l-hasibin. Ya Hakrama ma'mulin va-Khazhvada maskulin ya hayyu ya kayyumu ya kadimu ya fardu ya vitru ya ʼahadu ya samadu ya man lam yalid wa-lam yulad wa-lam yakul-lahu kufuvan ahad. Ya ʻazizu ya wahhabu va-salla-allahu ʻala hairi khalkyhi Muhammadiv-va-alihi va-sahbihi kazhma'in ".

Meaning: “Praise be to Allah, I give praise to You, being grateful to You, recognizing Your Mercy in everything, being Your servant, and being worthy of it in Your eyes. I entrust under Thy protection from the all-crushing power of Thy power, Thy anger, the might of Thy will, myself, my faith, my life in this and the next world, all the results of my deeds and the result of my life for the sake of all people who follow Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him The Most High). Your intercession is protected, Your will extends to everything, Your predestination is invincible. O Lord of Lords! About Fast in calculation! O Merciful to His servants, Answering the requests of those who ask! O He Who Eternally Living, Unshakable, Eternal, One, Independent from anyone, Who has not given birth and was not born, Who has no likeness to Himself. O Almighty, O Retributer, send salavat to the best of Thy creatures, Muhammad, and to all his companions. "

Blessed month of Safar!