Tanya savicheva's diary. Tanya Savicheva: biography, blockade diary and interesting facts Masha Putilovskaya and Tanya Savicheva

Tanya Savicheva's diary became one of the material evidences of the fascist atrocities at the Nuremberg trials, and the girl herself became a symbol of the courage of besieged Leningrad.

During one of the meetings of the Nuremberg trials over Nazi war criminals, the chief prosecutor from the USSR, Roman Rudenko, went up to the pulpit, holding several thin sheets of paper in his hands.

“These notes of the Russian girl Tanya Savicheva from besieged Leningrad,” he said, “I ask to be entered into the court record as proof of the barbaric fighter policy of the German leadership in relation to the civilian population of our country ... And Roman Andreevich read out what became known to the world as“ Siege diary of Tanya Savicheva ". The next day, the speech of the Soviet representative and quotations from the manuscript of the young Leningrad woman were published by the newspapers of our country and publications of many other states.

Nine pages filled with uneven children's handwriting are a tragic report about the death from hunger and diseases of Tanya's relatives and friends. The first entry says: “Zhenya died on December 28 at 12:30 pm. in the morning. 1941 g. " And then the chronicle of deaths looks like this: “Grandma died on January 25. 3 hours day. 1942 " “Leka died on March 17 at 5 o'clock. morning 1942 " “Uncle Vasya died on April 13. at 2 am 1942 " "Uncle Lesha on May 10 at 4 pm 1942" “Mom on May 13 at 7.30 am. morning 1942 "
"The Savichevs are dead" "Everyone died, only Tanya was left."

The very fact of the death of relatives has become such a routine for Tanya that when it comes to uncle Lesha and mother, the verbs themselves are absent - "died", "died" ... For almost half a year, a twelve-year-old girl keeps her mournful diary, leaving us the right to wonder why and why she did it. Finally, she writes down the most terrible words - "Tanya is the only one left." And the fact that she does not write "I", but calls herself dry and aloof in the third person, by name, as she previously wrote about deceased relatives, means that she feels like an adult, consciously and doomed to be in this murderous line, not knowing only the last date ...

When the "Siege Diary of Tanya Savicheva" was published, no one knew how her fate developed further. For many years it was believed that Tanya also died during the blockade.

Everything became clear when the country was preparing to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Great Victory. Then, following the example of the wonderful writer Sergei Sergeevich Smirnov, who discovered and told the truth about the unknown heroes of Brest, Tula, Liepaja, war veterans, journalists, schoolchildren, students began to collect and analyze facts, find out the names of people, restore the authenticity of military events that were not known or whose essence has been perverted.

So it turned out a short biography of Tanya Savicheva.

She was born on January 23, 1930 in the village of Palace of the Pskov Region. In 1931 she moved with her family to Leningrad. In August 1942, together with other young blockade members from an orphanage, where she was identified as an orphan, she was taken from besieged Leningrad and evacuated to the village of Krasny Bor, Shatkovsky district, Gorky region. Tanya's health was severely undermined, and she was transferred from an ordinary orphanage to a home for disabled children in the village of Ponetayevka, and from there to the Shatkovsky district hospital.

For almost two years, until July 1, 1944, local doctors fought as best they could for the girl's life, but progressive extensive dystrophy turned out to be fatal.

Ecitizen.nnov.ru ›famous / s / savicheva-tanya /

Tatyana Nikolaevna Savicheva (January 25, 1930, Leningrad - July 1, 1944, Shatki, Gorky Region) is a Leningrad schoolgirl who, from the beginning of the siege of Leningrad, began to keep a diary in a notebook left over from her older sister Nina. This diary has only 9 pages, and six of them contain the dates of death of loved ones.

Biography

Tanya Savicheva was born on January 25, 1930 in Leningrad. Tanya's father - Nikolai Rodionovich - during the NEP years on the 2nd line of Vasilievsky Island, house 13 owned a bakery, as well as the Sovet cinema at the corner of Suvorovsky Prospect and 6th Sovetskaya Street. Nikolai Rodionovich, his wife Maria Ignatievna and brother Dmitry worked in the bakery.

In the 30s, Nikolai Savichev, as a NEPman, became "deprived", and in 1935 the Savichev family was expelled by the NKVD from Leningrad. After some time, the family was able to return to the city, but Nikolai Rodionovich fell ill in exile and died in 1936 at the age of 52. The Savichevs, as children of the "disenfranchised", could not get a higher education.

The Savichevs planned to spend the summer of 1941 outside the city, but the German attack on the USSR ruined their plans. They decided to stay in the city and help the army.

Only two of Tanya's four brothers and sisters survived the blockade - sister Nina and brother Mikhail. The elder sister Zhenya and brother Leonid died (Leka in the diary).
In June 1941, Mikhail was sent to his aunt in the Pskov region for the summer and he ended up in the occupied territory. Nina worked in the winter of 1941-42 in a barracks position in the Design Bureau of the Nevsky Machine-Building Plant and on February 28, 1942, she was evacuated from Leningrad.

Tanya Savicheva herself was evacuated from Leningrad in the summer of 1942 to the Shatkovsky district of the Gorky region (now Nizhny Novgorod).

Orphanage No. 48 with 125 children (including Tanya) was sent to the village of Krasny Bor located not far from Shatkov. There they were placed in one of the buildings of the secondary school, where they were to undergo a two-week quarantine. Despite the lack of food and medicine, the residents of Gorky were able to leave the Leningrad children. As follows from the act of examining the living conditions of inmates of the orphanage, all 125 children were physically exhausted, but there were only five infectious patients. One baby suffered from stomatitis, three suffered from scabies, and another from tuberculosis. It so happened that Tanya Savicheva turned out to be the only tuberculosis patient.

Progressive dystrophy, scurvy, nervous shock, and even bone tuberculosis, which Tanya suffered from in early childhood, did their job. Of all the children of the orphanage No. 48 who arrived then, only Tanya Savicheva could not be saved. She was often tormented by headaches, and shortly before her death, she went blind. Tanya Savicheva died on July 1, 1944 at the age of 14 and a half years from intestinal tuberculosis.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
dic.academic.ru

Before decrypting the FULL NAME code, a few words should be said about tuberculosis.

Every year 2-3 million people die from complications of tuberculosis in the world.

Nmedicine »Infectious diseases» Koch's bacillus: the causative agent of tuberculosis

The report on which Koch's bacillus was first mentioned, which took place on March 24, 1882 at a meeting of the Berlin Physiological Society, was called "The Etiology of Tuberculosis". Its author - Robert Koch (Koch's Wand) - gained worldwide fame after that. In honor of this event, World Tuberculosis Day is held on March 24. The tasks, the solution of which was provided in the report, were extremely relevant not only at that time, but also now. Tuberculosis has claimed millions of lives, sparing the poor and the rich, young or old. A third of the world's population are carriers of Koch's bacillus - this was the name of the causative agent of tuberculosis discovered by a scientist, while 8 million people fall ill, and 3 million die of tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is transmitted by airborne droplets.

In Russia, in recent years, a very alarming situation has developed with regard to tuberculosis. So, from 1991 to 1998, the incidence increased by 2 times and is more than 80 per 100 thousand population. More than 20 thousand people die from tuberculosis every year - more than from all other infectious diseases combined.

To a large extent, the spread of tuberculosis depends on the organization and well-being of society. TUBERCULOSIS IS INVOLVED AND VERY DANGEROUS.

Unlike many other infections, it has a chronic and often latent course, which increases the likelihood of spreading tuberculosis by a sick person many times over. It is believed that a patient with an "open" form of tuberculosis infects an average of 10-15 people per year. After infection, during life, approximately 8-10 percent of those infected will develop some form of tuberculosis. The disease, as a rule, does not occur immediately: from infection to the manifestation of the disease, it can take from several months to several years. An important role is played by the state of the defenses of the infected organism and, first of all, the immune system. Therefore, people who have certain risk factors - factors that reduce anti-tuberculosis protection - are more likely to get sick.

The causative agent of the disease - mycobacterium tuberculosis - was discovered by Robert Koch in 1882, it was called "Koch's wand", now you can find an abbreviated name: MBT - mycobacterium tuberculosis or BC "Koch's bacillus".

I think this introduction will be enough for the reader to be guided in the "reading" of the "script" included in the code of the FULL NAME OF TANIA SAVICHEVA.

The purpose of this article is to find out the cause of Tanya Savicheva's death by the code of her FULL NAME.

Watch preliminary "Logicology - about the fate of man".

Consider the tables of the FULL NAME code. \\ If your screen has an offset of numbers and letters, adjust the image scale \\.

18 19 22 32 56 62 65 66 85 86 105 134 166 180 181 195 205 216 231 243 244 250 253 267 268
C A V I J E V A T A T I N A N I K O L A E V N A
268 250 249 246 236 212 206 203 202 183 182 163 134 102 88 87 73 63 52 37 25 24 18 15 1

19 20 39 68 100 114 115 129 139 150 165 177 178 184 187 201 202 220 221 224 234 258 264 267 268
T A T Z N A N I K O L A E V N A S A V I Ch E V A
268 249 248 229 200 168 154 153 139 129 118 103 91 90 84 81 67 66 48 47 44 34 10 4 1

SAVICHEVA TATIANA NIKOLAEVNA \u003d 268 \u003d 134-TUBERCULOSIS K \\ of the intestine \\ + 134-TUBERCULOSIS K \\ of the intestine \\.

268 \u003d 234-TUBERCULOSIS OF THE INTESTINE \\ a \\ + 34-DEATH \\ b \\.

268 \u003d 184- \\ 110-BACILLA KOCH + 74-EXTINGUISHMENT \\ + 84-ORGANISM.

268 \u003d 62-LEAVING + 206-FROM LIFE FROM FUEL.

268 \u003d 81-LEAVING ... + 187-LIFE FROM FUEL.

268 \u003d 166-LIFE FROM ... + 102-FREQUENCY.

201 \u003d LETHAL EXIT
___________________________
81 \u003d FROM CHAH \\ OTKI \\

201 - 81 \u003d 120 \u003d END OF LIFE.

268 \u003d 34-DEATH \\ b \\ + 234-FROM TUBERCULOSIS BACTERIA.

268 \u003d 63-DEATH + 205-FROM BACTERIA TUBERKU \\ leza \\.

268 \u003d 249-MYCOBACTERIA OF TUBERCULOSIS + 19-T \\ uberculosis \\.

39 \u003d TU \\ birculosis \\
_______________________________________
248 \u003d MYCOBACTERIA TUBERCULOSIS \\ a \\

100 \u003d INTESTINAL \\ ka \\
_
200 \u003d BACTERIA TUBERCULOSIS \u003d MYCOBACTERIA TUBERCULES \\ uleza \\

Reference:

Probakterii.ru ›prokaryotes / species / bakterija ...
The tuberculosis bacterium can live in the human body for a lifetime. How long does the pathogen live outside the body and how it differs from the virus. ... tuberculosis
(human), africanum (intermediate)

Vse-zabolevaniya.ru ›Microbiology
The causative agents of tuberculosis in humans are M. tuberculosis ... Mycobacterium tuberculosis - gram-positive straight or slightly curved rods.

Webkonspect.com ›...
Causative agent. Mycobacterium tuberculosis - acid-, alcohol- and alkali-resistant microorganisms. ... At this stage of the disease, an unfavorable outcome of tuberculosis infection is noted - exhaustion and death

250 \u003d TUBERCULOSIS STICK \u003d MYCOBACTERIA IN THE INTESTINAL \\ ke \\
___________________________________________________
24 \u003d IN KI \\ shechnik \\

250 - 24 \u003d 226 \u003d TUBERCULOSIS BACTER \\ ia \\.

268 \u003d TUBERCULOSIS BACTERIA.

The code for the number of full YEARS OF LIFE \u003d FOURTEEN \u003d 186 \u003d DEATH OF THE ORGANISM.

268 \u003d 186-DEATH OF THE ORGANISM, POISONING TO THE ORGANISM \\ a \\ + 82-MYKOBAKT \\ eria \\, DIED \\ I \\.

We look at the column in the bottom table:

114 \u003d FOURTH \\ czat \\ \u003d DEAD
___________________________________________________
168 \u003d FIFTEEN \u003d 48-SORELA + 120-END OF LIFE

Note:

In 1989, the Peace Committee established the Medal of four girls - Tanya Savicheva, Anne Frank, Sadako Sasaki and Samantha Smith, awarded to fighters for the happiness of children and authors of the best works of art, under the motto "Peace to children of the world!"

Tanya Savicheva (January 23, 1930 - July 1, 1944) is a Leningrad schoolgirl who, from the beginning of the blockade of the city in 1941, began to keep a diary, which became one of the symbols of the courage of the besieged city and is now in the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.

Anne Frank (June 12, 1929 - early March 1945) - a native of Germany, hiding with her family from the Nazi terror in the Netherlands. Her diary, translated into many languages, is considered one of the most famous documents denouncing fascism.

Sadaqa Sasaki (January 7, 1943 - October 25, 1955) - a native of Hiroshima, who died of leukemia received during the atomic bombing of this city by the Americans on August 6, 1945.

A little girl, whom everyone knows as the author of the terrible diary of blockade, nine pages in volume. These diary entries became a symbol of those terrible days that the inhabitants of the blockaded city went through.

Biography

Tanechka was born on January 23, 1930 in the village of Dvorishchi. Her parents, Maria Ignatievna and Nikolai Rodionovich, are native Leningraders. From the village, the family returned home to Leningrad a few months after the birth of the girl.

Tanya lived in a large and friendly family. There were brothers - Levka and Mishka, sisters - Eugene and Nina. My father had his own bakery, a bun workshop and a cinema.

After the NEP years, persecution of private traders began and Tatyana's father was exiled in 1935. The whole family left for exile. The father fell ill and died in March 1936. The remaining members of the family settled again in Leningrad.

They began to live in the house with other relatives. These are the father's brothers - Uncle Vasily and Uncle Alexey, who lived on the floor below, and their grandmother. The life of the family gradually began to improve. And then it struck.

War years

On that unfortunate day, the members of the girl's family thought to go to visit relatives in Dvorishchi. First, they wanted to congratulate my grandmother, who, ironically, had her birthday on June 22nd. At 12:15 pm, the radio said that Nazi Germany had attacked the Soviet Union. The family stayed at home, all the Savichevs, in full force, helped in repelling the fascist invaders.

Nina, Tanya's sister, dug trenches, the girl herself was looking for containers to make a Molotov cocktail, Zhenya became a blood donor for the combatants, her mother sheathed the defenders of the Motherland, and Lyovka and Uncle Lesha went to join the army. But my uncle was already old, and Lyovka did not pass his eyesight.

The city was surrounded by a dense blockade on September 8, 1941. The Savichevs were optimistic. We will stand, we will endure, and so it was in the family.

A diary

One winter day Tatiana, cleaning and in some of the cabinets found Ninina's notebook. It was partially covered with writing, and the part with letters in the alphabetical order of the phones remained blank. She left the find. After some time, she wrote in large letters: “Zhenya died on December 28 at 12.00 o'clock in the morning of 1941.” Eugenia, being exhausted, worked as a donor until the last. And three days before the New Year, I was also going to take it. But I was exhausted, I could not. She died in the arms of her sister Nina from hunger and anemia.

Less than a month passed and on January 25, 1942, Tanya recorded the death of her grandmother. The elderly woman walked almost hungry all the time. I tried to leave more food for my grandchildren. She refused hospitalization and rightly believed that she would take the place of the wounded. Nina disappeared on February 28. Tanya did not take any notes. She hoped to the last that my sister survived.

Then, on March 17, 1942, Leonid (Leka) died, on April 13 - Uncle Vasya, on May 10 - Uncle Lesha. Having made a note about the death of her last uncle, Tanyusha removed the diary. 3 days passed and Tanya again got the story of the death of the Savichev family. She wrote on four more pages: “Mom, on May 13 at 7.30 am 1942”, then “The Savichevs died”, “All died”, “Tanya was the only one left”.

Immediately after the death of her mother, Tanechka went to her grandmother's niece, whose name was Evdokia, she formalized guardianship over the girl. T. Dusya worked a lot and Tanya was left alone for a long time. The girl spent most of the day hanging around the street. After some time, Tanya became even worse, she was severely emaciated. The aunt canceled the guardianship and the girl was sent to an orphanage in the Gorky region in early summer. The condition of all the children was serious, but Tanya was also diagnosed with tuberculosis.

In the early summer of 1942 she ended up in an orphanage, and in August he moved to the village of Shatki. After 2 years she was transferred to a home for the disabled (Ponetaevka village). She was ill, in addition to the listed inert tuberculosis and dystrophy, also with blindness and scurvy. A courageous girl passed away on July 1, 1944. Tanya did not know that her sister Nina and brother Misha survived. Nina was evacuated along with the plant and could not inform her own, and Mikhail fought against the Germans in a partisan detachment.

The girl's notes were found by her sister Nina, at her grandmother's niece. Then these records were seen by a family friend who worked in the Hermitage. Thus, the fate of this courageous girl became significant for the Leningrad blockade, for the steadfastness and heroism of the Soviet people. The diary is kept in the "State Museum of the History of St. Petersburg"

• In fact, now it is not known for certain where Tanya left the diary. One version says that Mikhail found him in his parents' apartment, and the other, that his sister found him in Evdokia's apartment. It was kept in Tannin's box.
• Tatiana's brother and sister lived a long life. Mikhail until 1988, Nina until 2013.
• Tanya's native school 35 in the city of St. Petersburg is a museum named after her.

Tanya Savicheva, a girl who did not even live to be 15, is always remembered in connection with the blockade of Leningrad. She is a symbol of the suffering that all its inhabitants endured. Her diary, consisting of only nine entries, conveys all the horror and feeling of hopelessness that gripped her soul when all her loved ones left one by one.

Tanya (Tatyana Nikolaevna) Savicheva was born on January 23 (according to other sources - January 25), 1930 in the village of Dvorishchi near Gdovo (Pskov region), and grew up, like her brothers and sisters, in Leningrad. Tanya was the fifth and youngest child in the family - she had two sisters and two brothers.

In the summer of 1941, the Savichevs were going to leave Leningrad, but they did not have time, the war took them by surprise. They had no choice but to stay in the besieged city and help the front as best they could, hoping for an end to this horror. Tanya got the notebook in memory of her older sister Nina, who disappeared during the shelling. In the family, everyone considered her dead. Then Tanya began to make her terrible notes.

Tanya was found in her house by employees of the sanitary teams, who were going around Leningrad houses in search of survivors. She was taken to the village of Shatki, Gorky Region, along with many orphans like her, but the girl was no longer saved.

Tanya Savicheva died on July 1, 1944 in the village of Shatki, never living to see Victory, never knowing that her sister Nina and brother Misha were alive, that she was not alone.

Tanya's diary became one of the evidence of the prosecution at the Nuremberg trials, and today it is exhibited in the Museum of the History of Leningrad, a copy of it is in the window of one of the pavilions of the Piskarevsky Memorial Cemetery. Tanya herself will forever remain in the memory of those who survived these terrible years.

Tatiana Nikolaevna Savicheva (January 23, 1930, Dvorishchi village, Pskov region - July 1, 1944, Shatki village, Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod) region) - Leningrad schoolgirl who kept a diary in the notebook of her elder sister in besieged Leningrad. This diary has only nine pages, six of which are the dates of the deaths of people close to her - mother, grandmother, sister, brother and two uncles, who died during the blockade between December 1941 and May 1942. Tanya herself was evacuated, but her health was severely damaged, and she also died. Only her older sister Nina and elder brother Mikhail survived the blockade, thanks to which Tanya's diary became one of the symbols of the Great Patriotic War.

Tanya was born on January 23, 1930 in the village of Dvorishchi near Gdovo, but, like her brothers and sisters, she grew up in Leningrad (which is why very often Leningrad is mistakenly indicated as her place of birth). Her mother, Maria Ignatievna Savicheva (nee Fedorova), decided in advance that she would not stay for childbirth in Leningrad and Tanya would be born in the village: “The nature there is beautiful, fresh milk and easy breathing. It is not cold in winter, not hot in summer ”(from the book by IL Mixon Zhil, was).

At one time, future grandparents of Tanya were sent from St. Petersburg to the village of Dvorishche (Tanya's grandfather was a member of the revolutionary underground). Here, in Dvorishchi, Tanya's parents got married and the brothers of Father Gabriel and Gregory lived, as well as the sister of mother Kapitolina.
Maria Ignatievna returned to Leningrad when Tanya was already several months old.

Tanya's father
Nikolay Rodionovich

Tanya's mother
Maria Ignatievna

Tanya was the fifth and youngest child of Maria and Nikolai. She had two sisters - Evgenia and Nina, two brothers - Leonid ("Leka") and Mikhail. Nina Savicheva recalled the appearance of their fifth child in their family many years later: “Tanyusha was the youngest. In the evenings we gathered at a large dining table. Mom put in the center the basket in which Tanya slept, and we watched, afraid to breathe again and wake up the baby. "

House on Vasilievsky Island.
On the first floor, to the right of the arch, the window of the Savichevs' apartment

Tanya's father - Nikolai Rodionovich Savichev - during the NEP years on the 2nd line of Vasilievsky Island in house number 13/6 owned the Savichev Brothers Labor Artel, opened in 1910, with a bakery and a bakery and confectionery attached to it, as well as the Soviet cinema ... Nikolai himself, Maria and Nikolai's three brothers worked in the bakery.
In the 30s, Nikolai Savichev, as a NEPman, became "deprived", and in 1935 the Savichev family was expelled by the NKVD from Leningrad for the 101st kilometer to the Luga region. Soon the family was able to return to the city, but the father in exile fell ill and died of cancer in 1936 at the age of 52.

In the memory of Nina and Misha, Tanya remained as very shy and not childishly serious: “Tanya was a golden girl. Inquisitive, with a light, even character. She was very good at listening. We told her everything - about work, about sports, about friends. "

At the end of May 1941, Tanya finished the third grade and in September had to go to the fourth.

Tanya (right)
and her niece
Masha Putilovskaya,
village Sablino,
june 1941.
Tanya is 11 years old, Masha is 6 years old.

The Savichevs planned to spend the summer of 1941 in the village of Dvorishchi near Gdov near Lake Peipsi with Aunt Kapitolina.

“In the house there is nothing but talk of an imminent departure for Dvorishchi. Because, probably, I dreamed of my grandfather's chopped five-wall hut. As if Tanya comes out of the semi-dark entrance to the light porch. All so smart, urban. A blue dress with large white polka dots, a resort umbrella in his hand, a cloth bag made of the same chintz over his shoulder and also sewn by my mother, white socks with two blue stripes and sportswomen with lacing. Light brown hair is pinned down with a hoop, a springy bow, covered with colored celluloid.
I went down the steps to the ground. Behind with a bang, the window sashes flew open, someone asked: "Where are you pricked up?" And Tanya that way in an adult way: “On the Velskoye lake, swim ...
In the lilac distance the city, ancient Gdov at the famous Lake Peipsi; near - crowded Courtyards ...
The path to Dvorishchi is not very long, but difficult. By train to Kingisepp, then ten kilometers by forest and field ... ".

“In two weeks Tanya and her mother will follow. Celebrate grandmother's birthday and go. For the whole summer. And Leka, Nina and Zhenya will arrive in Dvorishchi then and for as long as when and what kind of vacation they will give at work ... ”.
(from the book Mixon I.L. Lived, was)

Having learned about the beginning of the war, the Savichevs decided to stay in the city and help the army.

“Leningrad was flooded with refugees. Incredible news was learned from them. As if Pskov was surrendered on July 9 "
(from the book Mixon I.L. Lived, was)

Tanya and sister Nina

When the Savichevs learned that Pskov was captured by the Germans, they lost hope that Misha could return home. Over time, they began to consider him dead, not knowing that he was in a partisan detachment, and would survive the war ...

The first was Zhenya's sister, she was 32 years old. Probably, in order not to forget the date of Zhenya's death, Tanya decided to write it down. To do this, she took Nina's notebook, which Lyoka's brother once gave to her. Nina turned half of the book into a drawing-designer's reference book. The other half of the book, with the alphabet, remained blank. Tanya decided to write on it ...

From besieged Leningrad, Tanya Savicheva was taken with the children of Orphanage No. 48 to the village of Shatki, Gorky Region (now Nizhny Novgorod Region). Of all the children, only Tanya Savicheva could not be saved. She was often tormented by headaches, and shortly before her death, she went blind. Tanya Savicheva died on July 1, 1944 at the age of 14 and a half years from intestinal tuberculosis.

Tanya Savicheva's diary is today exhibited in the Museum of the History of Leningrad, and a copy of it is in the window of one of the pavilions of the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery.

Tanya Savicheva's diary pages

On May 31, 1981, a monument was unveiled at the Shatkovsky cemetery - a marble tombstone and a stele with a bronze bas-relief (sculptor Tatyana Kholueva, architects Gavrilov and Alexander Kholuev). Nearby is a stele built in 1975 with a bas-relief portrait of a girl and pages from her diary.

Tanya Savicheva's grave
in the village of Shatki

In memory of Tanya Savicheva, the small planet "2127 Tanya", discovered in 1971 by the Soviet astronomer L.I. Black.

A mountain pass in Dzhungarskiy Alatau, Kazakhstan, is named after Tanya Savicheva.

In St. Petersburg, at the 2nd line of Vasilievsky Island, house 13 (VF Gromov's apartment building), memorial plaques have been installed on the house and in the yard where Tanya Savicheva lived.

At school number 35 in St. Petersburg, where Tanya Savicheva studied, there is a museum named after her.

The song “Ballad of Tanya Savicheva” (music by E. Doga, lyrics by V. Gin), first performed by Edita Piekha, is dedicated to Tanya Savicheva.

Tanya Savicheva is one of four famous girls, whose stories are dedicated to the work of Yuri Yakovlev “Passions for four girls. Mystery "(Tanya Savicheva, Anna Frank, Sadako Sasaki, Samantha Smith) and the book by the same author" Girls from Vasilyevsky Island ".

Used materials:

1. Mixon, I. L. There was a historical narration [Electronic resource] / I. L. Mixon // Military literature: website. - Access mode: http://militera.lib.ru/bio/mikson_il_savicheva/index.html
Electronic version of the book: Mixon, I. L. Lived, was: historical narration / I. L. Mixon. - L .: Det. lit., 1991 .-- 223 p. : ill.
A documentary story about Tanya Savicheva, Leningraders in the besieged city.

2. Markova, LN Blockade Chronicle of Tanya Savicheva [Electronic resource] / Lilia Nikitichna Markova // St. Petersburg family: a weekly Internet newspaper. - 2013. - 1 Aug. - Access mode: http://www.spb-family.ru/history/history_15.html

3. Odintsova, N. Savichevs not all died [Electronic resource] / Natalia Odintsova // AiF - Petersburg. - 2004 .-- 28 Jan. - Access mode: http://gazeta.aif.ru/_/online/spb/545/06

4. Savicheva Tatyana Nikolaevna [Electronic resource] // Wikipedia: Free encyclopedia. - Access mode:

Tanya Savicheva

This girl, who did not even live to be 15, is always remembered in connection with the blockade of Leningrad. She is a symbol of the suffering that all its inhabitants endured. Her diary, consisting of only nine entries, conveys all the horror and sense of hopelessness that gripped her soul when all her loved ones left one by one.

Tanya Savicheva was born on January 25, 1930 in the village of Dvorishchi near Gdovo, and grew up, like her brothers and sisters, in Leningrad. Tanya was the fifth and youngest child in the family - she had two sisters and two brothers.

In the summer of 1941, the Savichevs were going to leave Leningrad, but they did not have time, the war took them by surprise. They had no choice but to help the front as best they could and hope for an end to this horror. Tanya got the notebook in memory of her older sister Nina, who disappeared during the shelling. In the family, everyone considered her dead.

Then Tanya began to make her terrible notes.

"The Savichevs are dead"

"All died"

"Tanya is the only one left"

Tanya was found in her house by employees of the sanitary teams, who went around the houses in search of survivors. She was taken to the village of Shatki along with many orphans like her, but the girl could not be saved.

Tanya Savicheva died on July 1, 1944, and did not live to see Victory, never knowing that her sister Nina and brother Misha were alive, that she was not alone. Tanya's diary became one of the evidence for the prosecution at the Nuremberg trials, and she herself will forever remain in the memory of those who survived these terrible years.

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Tatiana Nikolaevna Savicheva (January 23, 1930, Dvorishchi, Lyadsky District, Leningrad Region - July 1, 1944, Shatki, Gorky Region) is a Leningrad schoolgirl who, since the beginning of the siege of Leningrad, began to keep a diary in a notebook left over from her older sister Nina. This diary has nine pages, six of which are the dates of deaths of people close to her - mother, grandmother, sister, brother and two uncles. Almost the entire family of Tanya Savicheva perished during the Leningrad blockade from December 1941 to May 1942. Tanya herself was evacuated, but her health was severely damaged and she also died. Only her older sister Nina and brother Mikhail survived the blockade, thanks to which Tanya's diary became one of the symbols of the Great Patriotic War.

Tanya was born on January 23, 1930 in the family of Nepman Nikolai Rodionovich Savichev (born in 1884) and Maria Ignatievna Fedorova (born in 1889) in the village of Dvorishchi near Gdovo near Lake Peipsi, but, like her brothers and sisters, she grew up in Leningrad (from - for which very often Leningrad is erroneously indicated as her place of birth). Maria Savicheva decided in advance that she would not stay for childbirth in Leningrad and, being in the last month of pregnancy, went to Dvorishche to her sister Kapitolina, whose husband was a doctor and helped to take Maria's childbirth. She returned to Leningrad when Tanya was already several months old. There are three possible dates of Tanya's birth: January 25, 1930 - this date is found in many sources and is probably adjusted to Tatiana's day; February 23, 1930 - this date is written on a memorial plaque in the courtyard of her house; January 23, 1930 - Lilia Markova in her article “ Blockade chronicle of Tanya Savicheva”Claims that this date is the real date of birth of Tanya Savicheva.

Tanya's father, Nikolai Savichev, owned the Savichev Brothers Labor Artel, opened in 1910 during the NEP on the 2nd line of Vasilievsky Island in house No. the corner of Suvorovsky Avenue and 6th Sovetskaya Street. Nikolai himself, Maria and Nikolai's three brothers - Dmitry, Vasily and Alexey worked in the bakery.

Tanya was the fifth and youngest child of Maria and Nikolai. She had two sisters - Evgenia (born in 1909) and Nina (born on November 23, 1918); and two brothers - Leonid "Leka" (born 1917) and Mikhail (born 1921). Nina Savicheva recalled the appearance in their family of their fifth child many years later:

Tanyusha was the youngest. In the evenings we gathered at a large dining table. Mom put in the center the basket in which Tanya slept, and we watched, afraid to breathe again and wake the baby up.

In the 30s, Nikolai Savichev, as a NEPman, became "deprived", and in 1935 the Savichev family was expelled by the NKVD from Leningrad for the 101st kilometer to the Luga region, but after a while she was able to return to the city, but Nikolai in exile fell ill and died of cancer on March 5, 1936 at the age of 52. He was buried at the Smolensk Orthodox cemetery, not far from the chapel of Xenia the Blessed, where earlier in 1916 his son and two daughters, who died in infancy from scarlet fever, were buried.

It was impossible for Tanya and her brothers and sisters, as children of the "dispossessed," to get higher education. They also did not have the right to join the Komsomol and study at universities. By the beginning of the war, Nina and Zhenya worked together at the Lenin Nevsky Machine-Building Plant (Zhenya - in the archive, and Nina - in the design bureau), Leonid served as a planer at the Ship-Mechanical Plant, and Misha graduated from a factory school and worked as an assembly fitter. Maria became a seamstress, worked as a homeworker in the sewing "Artel named after May 1" and was considered one of the best embroiderers there. Leonid was fond of music and together with his friends created an amateur string orchestra. Often they held rehearsals in his apartment - the Savichevs had many musical instruments: pianos, guitars, banjo, balalaika, mandolin. In their free time, the Savichevs arranged home concerts: Leonid played with Mikhail, Maria and Tanya sang, the rest kept the chorus.

In the memory of Nina and Misha, Tanya remained as very shy and not childishly serious:

Tanya was a golden girl. Inquisitive, with a light, even character. She was very good at listening. We told her everything - about work, about sports, about friends.

Tanya had a particularly good relationship with her uncle Vasily. He had a small library in his apartment, and Tanya asked him questions about life. Together they often walked along the Neva.

By the beginning of the war, the Savichevs still lived in the same house number 13/6 on the 2nd line of Vasilievsky Island. Tanya, along with her mother, Nina, Leonid, Misha and maternal grandmother Evdokia Grigorievna Arsenyeva (born June 22, 1867) lived on the first floor in apartment No. 1. By that time, Zhenya had married Yuri Nikolayevich Putilovsky and moved to Mokhovaya Street (house No. 20, apartment No. 11), but their relationship did not go well and they divorced. Despite the divorce, Zhenya continued to live on Mokhovaya, visiting home mainly on Sundays. Two of Tanya's uncles lived on the floor above in house No. 13/6: Vasily and Alexei. After the liquidation of Artel, they changed their profession: Vasily became the director of the Bukinist store on the Petrograd side, and Alexei worked as a factory supplier until retirement. Their brother Dmitry died before the start of the war, and his wife, Maria Mikhailovna Savicheva, died in February 1942 at the age of 46 (she was buried in the Piskarevskoye cemetery).

At the end of May 1941, Tanya Savicheva finished the third grade of school number 35 on the Sezdovskaya line (now the Kadetskaya line) of Vasilyevsky Island and was supposed to go to the fourth in September.

The Savichevs planned to spend the summer of 1941 about the same Courtyards (two more Nikolai's brothers lived there with his sister Maria Kapitolina: Grigory and Gabriel). On June 21, Mikhail boarded a train bound for Kingisepp. Two weeks later, having celebrated the grandmother's birthday, Tanya and her mother were to go there. Leonid, Nina and Zhenya were going to come to Dvorishchi, depending on when some of them were given a vacation at work. On the day of the German attack on the USSR on June 22, their grandmother Evdokia turned 74 years old. Having learned about the beginning of the war, the Savichevs decided to stay in the city and help the army.

In the very first days of the war, Leonid and his uncles Vasily and Alexei went to the military registration and enlistment offices, but received refusals: Leonid was not taken because of his sight, Vasily and Alexei because of their age. Nina and her colleagues at the plant began to dig trenches in Rybatskoye, Kolpino, and Shushary, after which she began to watch on the tower of the air observation post at the headquarters of the plant's MPVO. Zhenya secretly from her grandmother and mother began to donate blood to save the wounded soldiers and commanders. Maria, like all the workers of the sewing shops in the city, was sent to the production of military uniforms. Tanya, like all Leningrad children, in those days helped to clear garbage from attics and collected glass containers for incendiary bottles. When the Savichevs learned that Pskov was captured by the Germans on July 9, they lost hope that Misha could return home. Over time, they began to consider him dead, not knowing that he was in a partisan detachment.

On September 16, in the Savichevs' apartment, as in many others, the telephone was disconnected. On November 3, the new school year began with a great delay in Leningrad, Tanya went to her school number 35 until, with the onset of winter, classes in Leningrad schools gradually stopped.

Zhenya died first. By December 1941, transport had stopped working in Leningrad, and since the streets of the city were completely covered with snow, which had not been cleared all winter, Zhenya had to walk almost seven kilometers from home to get to the plant. Sometimes she stayed overnight at the factory to save the strength to work two more shifts. However, her health was no longer enough and once Zhenya did not come to the plant. Concerned about her absence, on the morning of Sunday, December 28, Nina asked for time off from the night shift and hurried to her sister on Mokhovaya Street, where she died in her arms at the age of 32. Probably, in order not to forget the date of Zhenya's death, Tanya decided to write it down. To do this, she took Nina's notebook, which Leka had once presented to her. Nina turned half of the book into a blueprint-designer's reference book, filling it with information about valves, valves, valves, pipelines and other fittings for boilers. The other half of the book, with the alphabet, remained blank and Tanya decided to write on it.

I still remember that New Year. None of us waited until midnight, went to bed hungry, we were already glad that the house was warm. A neighbor heated the stove with books from his library. Then he gave Tanya a huge volume of "Myths of Ancient Greece". Just then, secretly from everyone, my sister took my notebook.

On the page under the letter "Ж" Tanya writes:

Even Nina and Misha themselves for a long time believed that Tanya made notes with a blue chemical pencil, with which Nina eyed her. And only in 2009, the experts of the State Museum of the History of St. Petersburg, preparing the diary for a closed exhibition, established with precision that Tanya did not write with a chemical pencil, but with an ordinary colored pencil.

Initially, they wanted to bury Zhenya at the Serafimovskoye cemetery, but this turned out to be impossible due to the fact that all approaches to the cemetery gates were littered with corpses that there was no one to bury, and therefore it was decided to take Zhenya's body to the Island of the Decembrists and bury there at the Smolensk Lutheran cemetery. With the help of her ex-husband Yuri, they managed to get the coffin. According to Nina's recollections, already at the cemetery, Maria, bending over the coffin of her eldest daughter, uttered a phrase that became fatal for their family: “ Here we are burying you, Zhenechka. And who will bury us and how?».

On January 19, 1942, a decree was issued to open canteens for children between the ages of eight and twelve. Tanya wore them until January 22. On January 23, she turned twelve years old, as a result of which, by the standards of the besieged city, she came out of childhood and from now on received the same amount of bread as an adult.

In early January, Evdokia was diagnosed with the third degree of alimentary dystrophy. In this condition, urgent hospitalization was required, but Evdokia refused, citing the fact that the Leningrad hospitals were already overcrowded. She died on January 25, two days after Tanya's birthday. In Nina's book, on a page with the letter "B", Tanya writes:

Before her death, my grandmother very much asked not to throw away her card, because it could be used even before the end of the month. Many people in Leningrad did this, and for some time it supported the life of the relatives and friends of the deceased. To exclude such "illegal use" of cards, re-registration was subsequently introduced in the middle of each month. Therefore, in the death certificate that Maria received at the regional security office, there is a different number - February 1. Evdokia is the only one of the Savichev family whose burial place remained unknown - Nina did not participate in her funeral, because by that time she and Lyoka had already been in a barracks factory position for a long time and had hardly been at home. Perhaps Evdokia was buried in a mass grave at the Piskarevskoye cemetery.

Nina and Misha

On February 28, 1942, Nina was supposed to come home, but she never came. There was heavy shelling that day, and, apparently, the Savichevs considered Nina dead, not knowing that Nina, along with the entire enterprise where she worked, was hastily evacuated across Lake Ladoga to the "Big Land". There were almost no letters to besieged Leningrad, and Nina, like Misha, could not convey any news to her relatives. Tanya did not write down her sister and brother in her diary, perhaps hoping that they were alive.

Nina survived the war and lived in Leningrad (St. Petersburg) until the last days of her life. On February 6, 2013, Nina died at the age of 94. She was buried in the cemetery in the village of Vyritsa.

Loka literally lived at the Admiralty plant, working there day and night. It was rare to visit relatives, although the plant was not far from home - on the opposite bank of the Neva, behind the Lieutenant Schmidt Bridge. In most cases, he had to spend the night at the enterprise, often working two shifts in a row. In the book "History of the Admiralty Plant" there is a photo of Leonid, and under it is the inscription:

Leonid Savichev worked very diligently, was never late for a shift, although he was exhausted. But one day he did not come to the plant. And two days later, the shop was informed that Savichev had died ...

Lyoka died of dystrophy on March 17 in a factory hospital at the age of 24. Mikhail remembered his brother as a great guy, who was always proud that he was the same age as October and that his year of birth was 1917. Tanya opens a notebook with the letter "L" and writes, in a hurry, combining two words into one:

Lyoku, along with the workers who died with him at the same time in the hospital, were also buried at the Piskarevskoye cemetery.

Uncle Vasya

On April 13, at the age of 56, Vasily died. Tanya opens a notebook with the letter "D" and makes a corresponding note, which turns out to be not very correct and inconsistent:

On May 4, 1942, 137 schools were opened in Leningrad, but Tanya did not return to her school number 35, because now she was taking care of her mother and uncle Lesha, who by that time had already completely undermined their health. By that time, Alexei had already been diagnosed with the third degree of alimentary dystrophy, and at the same time it was neglected, and even hospitalization could not save him. Alexey died at the age of 71 on May 10. The page with the letter "L" was already occupied by Lyoka, and therefore Tanya writes in the spread on the left. For some reason, Tanya skips the word "died" on this page:

Maria Ignatievna passed away on the morning of May 13. On a piece of paper under the letter "M" the girl makes a note, also omitting the word "died":

Obviously, with the death of her mother, Tanya lost hope that Misha and Nina would someday return home, so she writes on the letter "S" "U" and "O":

Savichevs died All died There was only one left Tanya Tanya

The first day, when she was left alone, Tanya spent with her friend Vera Afanasyevna Nikolaenko, who lived with her parents on the floor below the Savichevs. Vera was a year older than Tanya and the girls talked like neighbors, but during the Blockade they had not seen each other until that day (Vera almost never left the house and did not know what was happening with her neighbors). Vera's mother, Agrippina Mikhailovna Nikolaenko, sewed Maria's body into a gray blanket with a strip. Vera's father, Afanasy Semyonovich, who was wounded at the front, was treated in a hospital in Leningrad and had the opportunity to come home often, went to the kindergarten that was nearby and asked for a two-wheeled cart there. On it, he and Vera together carried the body across the entire Vasilievsky Island across the Smolenka River.

Tanya could not go with us - she was very weak. I remember the trolley bouncing on the cobblestones, especially when we walked along Maly Prospekt. The body wrapped in a blanket leaned to one side, and I supported him. There was a huge hangar behind the bridge across Smolenka. Corpses from all over Vasilievsky Island were brought there. We brought the body there and left it. I remember there was a mountain of corpses. When they entered there, there was an eerie groan. It was air coming out of the throat of someone from the dead ... I felt very scared.

The corpses from this hangar were buried in mass graves at the Smolensk Orthodox cemetery, so that Tanya's mother lies there. When the newspaper "Argumenty i Fakty" in January 2004 published an article about Nina and Misha entitled "Not all Savichevs died", Vera's son phoned its editorial office and said that his mother was burying Tanya Savicheva's mother. The editors called her and found out all the details. Then Vera met with Nina. Nina was very surprised when she found out that her mother was buried at the Smolenskoye cemetery, because before that she was sure that her mother, along with her uncles, grandmother and brother, were buried in mass graves at the Piskarevskoye cemetery. The State Memorial Museum of the Defense and Siege of Leningrad at one time even gave her the numbers of these graves. However, the staff of the archive of the Piskarevsky cemetery established with certainty that Maria Ignatievna Savicheva was buried in the Smolensk Orthodox cemetery, right not far from the grave of her husband. True, during registration they made a mistake: for some reason the patronymic name of Ignatievna was replaced by Mikhailovna. It is under this name that it appears in the electronic memory book of the cemetery.

Tanya stayed with Nikolaenko all that day and stayed overnight.

She said that she would go to live with her aunt. In the evening my father came and brought some herring. We sat down to supper. Tanya ate a piece and said: "Oh, I'm all salted." When we went to bed, she showed a cloth bag hanging from a rope around her neck. She explained that there were jewelry left over from her father. She was going to exchange them for bread. The next morning Tanya left. I never saw her again.

Tanya went to her grandmother's niece Aunt Dusya - Evdokia Petrovna Arsenyeva, who lived in a communal apartment on the street of the Proletarian Dictatorship (house no. 1a, room no. 3). She was born in Petrograd. In 1918, her father and mother died, and she and her sister Olga (in the future Krutous) were left orphans, after which they were separated. Olga ended up in an orphanage in Pushkin, and Evdokia was sent to a village family as a nanny. Long before the war, Olga found her sister and persuaded her to return to Leningrad, where she found work at a mica factory. Since 1930, the sisters did not communicate, as a result of a difficult childhood, Evdokia grew up very unfriendly.

Tanya took with her the Palekh casket that stood at their house, in which her mother's wedding veil and wedding candles were kept. Now with them there were six death certificates and Nina's notebook. Aunt Dusya took custody of Tanya and transported many of the Savichevs' belongings to her room for storage. At that time, she worked at the plant for one and a half shifts without rest and, leaving for work, sent the girl out into the street, and locked the room with a key. This was done solely for good intentions, since Tanya by that moment was already completely exhausted herself and for her it was best to stay in the fresh air. Despite the fact that it was already May, the girl, like all Leningraders who suffered from dystrophy, felt chills and wore winter clothes. It often happened that upon returning home, Aunt Dusya found Tanya asleep right on the stairs.

At the very beginning of June 1942, Tanya, who also fell asleep on the stairs, was caught by Vasily Krylov, a friend of Leki (he played in his ensemble and was also a white rider, because during the Soviet-Finnish war he lost several fingers on his hand) and Nina's admirer (Vasily profession was a gliding instructor, and before the war Nina was seriously interested in gliding). From him she learned that Nina was alive. It turned out that during the evacuation she fell seriously ill, she was taken off the train and sent to the hospital, from where she was sent to a state farm in the Tver region (then Kalinin). At the first opportunity, Nina sent Vasily (while not knowing that he was also evacuated, but he managed to return home pretty soon) a letter so that he would find out what happened to her family. After some time, Krylov sent her an answer that Aunt Dusya, allegedly out of good intentions, took off her custody of Tanya and sent her to evacuation.

Evacuation

Evdokia Petrovna Arsenyeva ultimately relinquished custody of Tanya and registered her in the orphanage No. 48 of the Smolninsky district, which was then preparing for evacuation to the Shatkovsky district of the Gorky region (since 1990 Nizhny Novgorod), which was 1300 kilometers from Leningrad. Orphanages in besieged Leningrad were formed and staffed with teachers under the strict supervision of the NKVD, after which they were transported to the mainland. The train, in which Tanya was, was repeatedly bombed, and only in August 1942 finally arrived in the village of Shatki. One of the founders of the Shatkovsky museum dedicated to Tanya Savicheva, history teacher Irina Nikolaeva later recalled:

A lot of people came out to meet this echelon at the station. The wounded were constantly brought to Shatki, but this time people were warned that in one of the carriages there would be children from besieged Leningrad. The train stopped, but no one got out of the opened door of the large carriage. Most of the children simply could not get out of bed. Those who decided to look inside could not come to their senses for a long time. The sight of the children was terrible - bones, skin and wild longing in huge eyes. The women raised an incredible scream. "They're still alive!" - they were reassured by the NKVD officers accompanying the train. Almost immediately, people began to carry food to that carriage, giving away the last. As a result, the children were escorted to the premises prepared for the orphanage. Human kindness and the smallest piece of bread from hunger could easily kill them.

Orphanage No. 48 with 125 children (including Tanya) was sent to the Krasny Bor village near Shatkov. There they were placed in one of the buildings of the secondary school, where they were to undergo a two-week quarantine. Despite the lack of food and medicine, the residents of Gorky were able to leave the Leningrad children. As follows from the act of examining the living conditions of inmates of the orphanage, all 125 children were physically exhausted, but there were only five infectious patients. One baby suffered from stomatitis, three suffered from scabies, and another from tuberculosis. It so happened that Tanya Savicheva turned out to be the only tuberculosis patient.

Tanya was not allowed to see other children, and the only person who communicated with her was the nurse assigned to her, Nina Mikhailovna Seredkina. She did everything to ease Tanya's suffering and, according to the recollections of Irina Nikolaeva, she succeeded to some extent:

After a while, Tanya could walk on crutches, and later she moved, holding on to the wall with her hands.

But Tanya was still so weak that in early March 1944 she had to be sent to the Ponetaevsky home for the disabled in the village of Ponetaevka, which was 25 kilometers from Krasny Bor, although she did not feel better there either. For health reasons, she was the most seriously ill, and therefore, two months later on May 24, Tanya was transferred to the infectious diseases department of the Shatkovskaya regional hospital, where until the last day she was looked after by the nurse Anna Mikhailovna Zhurkina:

I remember this girl well. A thin face, wide-open eyes. Day and night I did not leave Tanya, but the disease was inexorable, and she snatched it out of my hands. I cannot remember this without tears ...

Progressive dystrophy, scurvy, nervous shock, and even bone tuberculosis, which Tanya suffered from in early childhood, did their job. Of all the children of the orphanage No. 48 who arrived then, only Tanya Savicheva could not be saved. She was often tormented by headaches, and shortly before her death, she went blind. Tanya Savicheva died on July 1, 1944 at the age of 14 and a half years from intestinal tuberculosis.

When the girl died, Zhurkina was sent to the regional center for disinfecting materials. She had to ride on the roof of the carriage and also come back with two bags of bleach. Once in Tanya's room, she saw that her bed was already empty. It turned out that on the same day Tanya, as a rootless one, was buried by the hospital groom. He showed Zhurkina a place in the village cemetery. The relatives of Anna Mikhailovna were buried near this place. From the same year, she began to look after Tanya's grave.

Tanya Savicheva's diary

Diary pages.

• December 28, 1941. Zhenya died at 12 o'clock in the morning.
• My grandmother died on January 25, 1942, at 3 pm.
• Lyoka died on March 17 at 5 am.
• Uncle Vasya died on April 13 at 2 am.
• Uncle Lyosha on May 10 at 4 pm.
• Mom - May 13 at 730 am 1942.
• The Savichevs died.
• They all died.
• There was only Tanya left.

Tanya Savicheva (right) and her niece Masha Putilovskaya a few days before the start of the war, the village of Sablino, June 1941. Tanya is 11 years old, Masha is 6.

Returning to Leningrad, Tanya's sister Nina accidentally saw a familiar Palekh box at Aunt Dusya's. Finding her notebook in it, she took it, not suspecting what was written in this notebook. Then Nina met Major L. L. Rakov (1904-1970), the former scientific secretary of the Hermitage. Seeing the mournful notes made by a child's hand in a small notebook, Rakov suggested that Nina place the blockade diary in the exhibition "Heroic Defense of Leningrad", in the formation of which from the end of 1943, on behalf of the Political Administration of the Leningrad Front, he took part. Then this exhibition was transformed into the Museum of the Defense of Leningrad, the official opening of which took place on January 27, 1946. But in 1953, this museum was closed, and Tanya Savicheva's diary, along with numerous documents, including "Books for the registration of burials at the Piskarevskoye cemetery", ended up in the Museum of the History of Leningrad.

Tanya Savicheva's diary appeared at the Nuremberg trials as one of the indictments against Nazi criminals. Nevertheless, Lilia Nikitichna Markova, winner of the "Personality of Petersburg" gold medal, casts doubt on this fact in the Internet newspaper "Petersburg Family". She believes that if this were so, the diary would remain in Nuremberg, and not be exhibited in the "State Museum of the History of St. Petersburg".

The diary is now on display in the Museum of the History of Leningrad, and a copy of it is in the window of one of the pavilions of the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery. In the near future, it is planned to show the original for the first time in the last thirty-five years, but in a closed form.

In January 2010, a photograph of Tanya was shown for the first time at the Museum of the History of Leningrad, which was taken several days before the war. In the photo, Tanya is eleven years old (she was when she started keeping a diary). Before that, the most common photograph was the one taken in 1936, when Tanya was six years old. Then it turned out that one more person remained alive from the Savichev family. Until the 90s of the 20th century, all sources said that none of the Savichevs survived. Information about Nina and Misha began to appear later. Thanks to this picture, it turned out that Tanya had a niece - Zhenya's daughter Maria Yurievna Putilovskaya, who brought this picture to the museum. During the blockade, she was not evacuated and only survived thanks to her father.

Memory

A mountain pass in Dzhungarskiy Alatau, Kazakhstan, is named after Tanya Savicheva.
In memory of Tanya Savicheva, the minor planet "2127 Tanya" was named after her; it was discovered in 1971 by the Soviet astronomer L. I. Chernykh. On May 31, 1981, a monument was unveiled at the Shatkovsky cemetery - a marble tombstone and a stele with a bronze bas-relief (sculptor Kholueva, architects Gavrilov and Kholuev). Nearby there is a stele erected in 1975 with a bas-relief portrait of a girl and pages from her diary.

In St. Petersburg, at the 2nd line of Vasilievsky Island, house 13 (VF Gromov's apartment building), memorial plaques have been installed on the house and in the yard where Tanya Savicheva lived.

School number 35, where Tanya Savicheva studied, has a museum named after her.

The song “Ballad of Tanya Savicheva” (music by E. Doga, lyrics by V. Gin), first performed by Edita Piekha, is dedicated to Tanya Savicheva.

Tanya Savicheva is one of four famous girls, whose stories are dedicated to the work of Yuri Yakovlev “Passions for four girls. Mystery "(Tanya Savicheva, Anna Frank, Sadako Sasaki, Samantha Smith).