Are there benefits for mothers? Other social guarantees for single mothers. In what cases can payments be canceled?

Single mothers are not uncommon in modern society. But in order to receive help from the state, such a woman must officially confirm her status. In this case, she may qualify for support in the form of benefits and payments at the federal and local levels.

How much do single mothers get paid?

Child subsidies for such a mother at the state level are almost no different in type and size from payments for children who grow up in two-parent families. Special subsidies that could improve the standard of living of a family without a father are not provided for by national legislation. This applies to the period of pregnancy of the expectant mother, and life with the child in the postpartum period, and his upbringing until adulthood.

The only exception is child benefit for needy families, which is paid every month. Officially, it is considered federal, but its amount is calculated at the regional government level. For single mothers in many territorial units of the Russian Federation, it is higher than the legally defined initial level.

In general, child benefit for a single mother depends on the following points:

• parent's employment in the workplace;
• number of children;
• average family income without a father.

In some areas, additional targeted social benefits are paid to such mothers raising their children alone.

How much do single mothers get paid in 2017?

What benefits are provided? A mother without a husband can qualify for the same government subsidies as a woman from a complete family. Typically, child benefits do not depend on the official status of the mother.

She will have to receive the same amount for her children as a woman in an ordinary family. This makes it pointless to obtain single status solely to increase social assistance. The list and volume of subsidies at the state level is established by Federal Law.

The only payment that women raising a child without the help of a father are entitled to claim in an increased amount is child benefit. It is awarded to low-income people, and the amount depends on the region (usually the amount is very small). We can only hope for an increase in benefits for single mothers in 2018.

According to the changes coming into force, payments to single mothers in 2018 will be increased annually on an ongoing basis from February 1 by the amount of actual inflation for the previous year, that is, based on the actual price growth index.

What kind of help can a single mother expect at the regional level? Locally it is also possible to set targeted payments. In Russian cities, there are additional local subsidies for single mothers. The woman needs to find out whether the place where she lives has special benefits that she may qualify for.

How much does a single mother receive for her first child?

The state begins to worry about the expectant mother even before the baby is born. The benefit for a single mother for her first child in 2017 is accrued starting from the period of waiting for the baby (this applies to employed women) and ending when the baby reaches the age of three.

How much does a single mother earn monthly? For her first-born, she is guaranteed a B&R benefit, which is one hundred percent of the average income for the period from the thirtieth week of pregnancy to the seventieth day after delivery. The minimum amount is 34 and a half thousand rubles. It is paid if at this time the single mother did not receive wages.

Also, the expectant mother has the right to one-time assistance when she is registered at the antenatal clinic for up to 3 months of pregnancy, in the amount of about 600 rubles. Assistance for the birth of a newborn in the amount of 16,350 rubles is guaranteed to both employed and unemployed mothers.

How much do single mothers earn in Russia in 2017? A monthly allowance for child care up to one and a half years old is paid in the amount of forty percent of the average salary. Its smallest value is 30 thousand rubles. Unemployed women receive it through the Social Security authorities, while officially employed women receive it at their place of employment or from the Social Insurance Fund.

If an unemployed mother of a child receives subsidies as an unemployed citizen, she cannot qualify for care payments. These two types of social support are not paid at the same time.

A single low-income mother can receive child benefits until the child reaches adulthood. Its value may vary. It is established by local regulations. In 2017, such benefits for single mothers are paid at least once a quarter.

The above list of subsidies applies to a woman who is officially registered at work, and the organization pays mandatory insurance payments for her. It also relates to military personnel and university students. Subsidies are issued at the place of employment, service or study and are paid through social insurance authorities.

Benefit for a second child

How much do single mothers pay for their second child in 2017? A working mother who dares to give birth to a second child without a father can claim the same payments as after the birth of her first child. They are awarded after each new family member is born.

But in 2017, the minimum amount of monthly benefit for a single mother to care for her second child up to the age of one and a half years increases, and the right to receive maternity capital arises.

Every month, a single mother has the right to receive a child care allowance for up to one and a half years old in the amount of forty percent of the average salary. Such a benefit can be at least 6 thousand rubles. In total, the payment for two children at the same time is equal to eighty percent of the average salary. Also, a woman raising children alone has the right to Federal maternity capital (about 450 thousand rubles).

If a single mother gives birth to a third child, she is also entitled to a monthly payment for him in the amount of the local child subsistence level. In addition, she has the right to count on regional maternity capital.

What payments can an unemployed single mother receive?

Often such women do not have an official place of work. They are entitled to fewer child benefits than working mothers. All subsidies in this case:

• are paid in a certain or minimum amount;
• paid through social security services.

Unemployed single mothers cannot claim cash payments while expecting a baby. As a rule, they are actually entitled to only two mandatory ones: a one-time postpartum benefit and a monthly benefit until the child reaches the age of one and a half years.

Other government financial assistance that non-working mothers may qualify for:

• Child benefit for low-income people (paid once a month or once every three months. The amount is established at the regional level).
• Maternity capital for the second child from the state in the amount of about 450 thousand rubles. A certificate for it will be received by the mother, regardless of whether she works or not. Regional maternity capital for the third of the children. The amount of this payment may vary.
• Monthly benefit for the third child under three years of age, if the mother’s income is below the minimum level.

Formally, female students, pupils and military mothers are not classified as workers, but they are entitled to maternity benefits in a certain amount, which is equal to the amount of the student subsidy or cash allowance.

One-time benefit for the birth of a child

This subsidy is paid regardless of the parent’s income, the size of her salary, employment and marital status. Its amount also remains fixed and independent of external conditions. The state guaranteed financial support in the amount of just over 16 thousand rubles to the mother of each child who was born in our country this year.

If twins or triplets are born at the same time, a lump sum payment is due for each child. The mother must apply for benefits within six months after the children are born.

Since, according to the letter of the law, it is entitled to either of the parents, in order to register it in a full-fledged family, you will need to provide a document at the place of receipt indicating that the father did not receive it.

Therefore, it will be easier for a single person to apply for benefits: she does not need to present such a certificate from the child’s father. Obtaining such a document can be very complicated in a situation where the baby officially has a second parent, but they do not live together with their mother and do not maintain a good relationship.

Documents for processing payments

How to apply for benefits? To do this, a woman will need the following papers:

• Application for benefits.
• Baby's birth certificate.
• Certificate of her cohabitation with the newborn.

A certificate from this list for child benefits for single mothers in 2017 can be obtained from the social security authorities at the place of registration. All other papers will also need to be submitted there.

Social security employees will have to check the specified information, personally visit the family and, based on the data received, draw up reports stating that the mother and child live together. After the application for payment of benefits is accepted by the relevant authorities, the accrual will be made.

Payments are made until the child reaches adulthood. If a mother and child do not live at their place of registration, she will need to take a supporting document from the social security authorities at the place of registration. The document must indicate that the single mother does not receive any payments at her place of registration. Then she will be able to receive benefits at her place of actual residence.

At the federal level, child benefits for a single mother practically no different from payments for children raised in a two-parent family - neither according to the list of types, nor according to their size. Special benefits that could take into account and improve the financial status of a family without a second parent, according to federal laws not provided. This applies to the period of pregnancy of a single woman, and life with the baby after childbirth, and his upbringing until adulthood.

The only exception is monthly child benefit, which is formally federal, but its size is determined by decision of the regional leadership. For single mothers, this payment is assigned in an increased amount compared to the established basic level.

In general, child benefits for a single mother depend on the following factors:

• the fact that the mother is employed;
• number of children a woman has;
• average per capita income of a family with a single parent.

In some regions, with rare exceptions, additional targeted social benefits are also provided specifically for single women whose child does not have a father according to documents (or he is recorded on the birth certificate according to the mother).

How much does a single mother receive for child support from the state?

In general, a single mother can count on the same benefits from the state as a mother from a full family. Child benefits depend on the number of children she has, employment status and material income. Moreover, as a rule, they do not depend on the official one at all.

A single mother will receive the same amount for children as a family with two parents receives. That's why there is no point in applying for single status just for the sake of the size of social benefits. The list and amount of payments at the state level is established by Federal Law No. 81-FZ of May 19, 1995 “On state benefits for citizens with children.”

The only federal payment that single mothers can count on in an increased amount is simply called child benefit. It is assigned, and the amount varies depending on the region (most often, it is very modest).

Regions are also allowed to independently establish targeted or categorical payments to citizens at their own discretion. for single mothers there are additional regional benefits. A single mother should first of all find out whether in the region of her residence there are any special payments that she is entitled to.

How much does a single mother receive for her first child?

The state's care for mother and baby begins even before birth. At the state level, a single mother is entitled to payments starting from pregnancy (but only if the woman works) until she reaches 3 years of age. All benefits are divided into monthly and one-time.

Listed below benefits for the first child and their sizes, appropriate for a single mother.

• This list of social benefits is relevant for officially, for which the employer pays insurance premiums, as well as soldier or student.
• Benefits are issued at the place of work, study or service, and are paid through social insurance.

Table of benefits for the first child for a single mother

Amount of benefits for a single mother with two or more children

An employed single mother who has a second newborn can count on the same payments as after. They are awarded after birth every child. However, the minimum amount of monthly social benefits for caring for a second child up to 1.5 years old is increasing and a single mother has the right to maternity capital.

Table of additional benefits for a single mother for her second child

In the case of a single woman third baby, she is also guaranteed the following benefits:

Other payments you can count on:

• (monthly or quarterly - the amount is set at the regional level;
• from the state in the amount of RUB 453,026.00. - the certificate is issued regardless of employment;
• regional maternity capital for the 3rd child (size varies);
• in case of low income.

Formally, military women are also not considered to be working, but they are still entitled to maternity benefits. in a fixed amount(equal to the amount of the scholarship or allowance).

One-time benefit for the birth of a child

The fact of payment of this benefit and its amount does not depend on any external conditions and factors (security, salary, presence of a job or husband). The state guaranteed payment in the amount RUB 16,350.33(as of 2017) to the mother of every child born in the Russian Federation.

When two or more children are born at one time (twins, triplets, etc.) for each of them. A woman must apply for payment within six months after the baby is born.

• Since this benefit is formally due to any of the child’s parents, to register it in a complete family it must be provided at the place of receipt (and if one of them works, then only the working parent can receive the payment).
• In this regard, the procedure for processing payments for a single mother is somewhat simplified: for a single mother no need to provide at the place where you received a certificate from the second parent.

Obtaining such a certificate can be significantly complicated if the child officially has a father, but they do not live together with their mother and are generally on bad terms. Then obtaining the coveted certificate may be significantly complicated due to the reluctance of the second spouse to provide it.

Child care benefit up to 1.5 years in 2018

Unemployed single mothers will be able to receive in a minimum amount, namely:

• RUB 3,065.69 - for the first baby;
• 6131.37 rub. - .

Moreover, if they receive unemployment benefits, they will be able to choose only one of the payments - unemployment from the SZN or care. Both types of social assistance are not assigned at the same time!

As you can see, unemployed women are at a disadvantage. Indeed, if employed, they could count not only on a minimum wage of up to 1.5 years, but also on the following list of payments:

• in the amount of 100% of the salary and payment of 613.14 rubles. when registering a pregnant woman up to 12 weeks;
• Monthly care allowance up to 1.5 years(which is higher than the minimum amount if the average earnings exceed the minimum wage);
• until the child’s 3rd birthday - it is paid by the employer and formally should compensate the woman for the temporary inability to earn money (although this has not been done for a long time due to its insignificant size).

Benefits for low-income single mothers

Due to the fact that single mothers often do not have an official job before giving birth, as well as for other reasons, they often... Such women are entitled to two additional benefits. They are paid regardless of the woman’s employment, but taking into account need criterion.

Table of benefits for low-income single mothers

Amounts of both payments depend on the region of residence women and are established according to regional laws.

It is worth submitting documents on income for months that do not include the month of receipt. Otherwise, incomes may be overestimated, and benefits for the poor will not be provided.

1. exists in every region of the Russian Federation regardless of the order of birth of the child. If the need criterion is met, single mothers are paid an increased amount compared to the regular amount (usually one and a half, two or three times).
   • It is worth recalling that a single mother is legally considered a woman in relation to a child whose birth documents indicate father not specified(or indicated from her words), and was not served.
   • If a woman is just divorced from her husband(also if a widow or if the child’s father is deprived of parental rights), she is not considered a single mother, and she will be entitled to benefits at the usual rate.
2. valid only in 50 constituent entities of the Russian Federation and only for the 3rd child (and subsequent children). The list of regions for which the payment is relevant is adjusted annually.
   • These benefits are issued at the local social protection authority. Documents can also be submitted through the MFC.
   • It makes sense to apply for them while the baby less than 6 months old, since it will not be possible to return the unpaid amount within a longer period.

Mandatory benefits for low-income single women for each child are valid in all regions of the Russian Federation. It is established at the state level, but the size is regulated regionally. Usually it does not exceed 500 rubles, although there are exceptions. For example, it amounts to for each child of a single mother:

• , - 362-368 rub.;
• - 472 rub.;
• - 540 rub.
• - 540.94 rub. (for the first) and 676.18 rubles. (second and subsequent);
• and - 1596 rubles;
• - 3,298 rub. and 3,768 rub. (for the first and second up to 1.5 years), 848 rubles. (1.5-7 years), 787 rub. (7-16 years old).

The amount for different regions also differs greatly. For example, as of the 2nd quarter of 2016, in the Belgorod region, a single mother for her 3rd child will receive 8,150 rubles, and in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug - 21,076 rubles.

How much do single mothers get paid in the regions?

Also in the regions (not all) there are different additional payments single mothers.

• To receive special payments, a woman must submit the necessary package of documents to Social Security, which includes confirming her status as a single mother.
• Permanent residence in the specified region is required.

The list and amounts of benefits intended specifically for this category of the population are regulated by local legislation. Even for neighboring regions of the Russian Federation it may differ significantly.

Examples of regional payments to single mothers

This table shows only payments established by local law. for the poor, which is mandatory for all regions, was not indicated. Single mothers are also entitled to all the social benefits that a full family can count on in the region.

If a single mom marries but her husband does not adopt the child, the woman may still be eligible for special single mom benefits for that particular child. When calculating income, the husband's salary will not be taken into account. However, this should be clarified in advance with the Social Security authorities.

Payments upon adoption of a child by one parent

The law does not prohibit adoption by a single woman or man (that is, a person who is not officially married). In this case, the child only appears one (sole) adoptive parent. The child can be of any age, but the requirements for a minimum age difference and other factors taken into account during adoption must be met.

Depending on whether the woman who wants to adopt a child works and in which region of the Russian Federation she lives, she will be entitled to all relevant federal and regional payments. Their list can be adjusted if the adoptive parent gets married and his partner also adopts the child.

Single employed adoptive parent The following benefits are provided:

It must be remembered that according to Russian law, adopted children equal in rights to relatives. A single adoptive parent can count on the same benefits as if the adopted child were his own.

For single mothers, benefits are guaranteed at the federal level and relate to working women. They are the same for single mothers throughout the country and concern wages for each child. The employer must know and take into account these types of benefits, since the implementation of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation falls on his shoulders.

In addition, single mothers are entitled to all benefits that relate to parents from two-parent families, and they are provided in the same order on a general basis. There are no special plan benefits for a single parent raising one or more children. single mothers are paid the same as other mothers. Special periods of sick leave are established only depending on the child’s condition (presence of disability, special diseases, residence in an area of ​​radiation contamination), and not on the presence or absence of a father.

The laws of the constituent entities of the federation for single mothers may also provide for additional types of assistance established at the regional level(their list may differ significantly even in neighboring regions). Along with those raising a child without a father (and in Russia there are not too many such benefits), there are also a number of benefits for such families.

The benefits are designed to give a woman who is raising a child without outside help more opportunities to do so. First of all, in terms of providing more free time that she can devote to her child.

What benefits are available to a single mother in Russia?

In Russia, benefits at the federal level are designed for working single mothers. They relate to working conditions and tax calculations. Benefits are divided into two main groups:

In addition to federal benefits for single mothers, there are also regional ones. Among them are a discount on kindergarten fees, free meals in schools, a subsidy for utilities and other types of assistance. Their list needs to be clarified with the social protection authorities (departments, offices and departments) of a particular district or city.

Rights of single mothers under the Labor Code

The largest list of benefits and guarantees for single mothers is provided for by Russian labor law. Relaxations regarding the labor of women and parents with children, available in the Labor Code (LC) of the Russian Federation, are provided in kind- they relate to the specifics of the work schedule and preferential rights upon dismissal.

Often, employers not only do not strive to accommodate a single mother (for example, provide her with the additional days off required by law), but they themselves have no idea about their existence.

Therefore, a woman herself should know about the peculiarities of the labor process, which she can use to her advantage.

Single mother's work schedule

Regardless of the form of ownership, location of the enterprise and number of employees, management must comply with the requirements of the Labor Code. A number of clauses of the Labor Code concern working single mothers. Many benefits apply equally to parents from two-parent and single-parent families.

In terms of the work schedule for single mothers, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides that:

1. Work at night(from 22 to 6 am) the mother of a child under 5 years old can only if she herself agrees to this, has signed a written consent and has no contraindications for health (Article 96 of the Labor Code). However, a woman has every right to refuse night work - such a refusal cannot be perceived as a violation of labor discipline if this is not expressly stated in the employment contract (for example, if a woman is not intentionally hired to work as a night watchman).
2. Send on service trips, attract to overtime work(including work on weekends and holidays) a woman with a child under 3 years of age is prohibited, unless she herself gives written consent and her health allows it (Article 259 of the Labor Code).
3. Upon application of a woman, she may be assigned part-time work schedule(working week) if she is raising a child under 14 years of age or a disabled child under 18 years of age (Article 93 of the Labor Code). Such a measure can be established for a certain period or indefinitely.
4. A single mother with a child under 14 years old can be provided with up to 14 days unpaid leave at a time convenient to her, but only if this is provided for by the collective agreement (Article 263 of the Labor Code).
5. If a single mother is raising a disabled child, she can apply to her employer to provide 4 additional paid days off per month on any days convenient for her (Article 262 of the Labor Code). Such weekends do not carry over to the next month.

Can a single mother be fired from her job?

The law establishes that you can't fire a single mother with a child under 14 years of age or with a disabled child under 18 years of age at the initiative of the employer(Article 261 of the Labor Code).

Since staff reduction is always an initiative of the company's management, a single mother dismissal due to reduction is not allowed. This norm applies to persons in state or municipal service, working for private and other employers.

But there are some exceptions. A single mother can be fired in such cases:

• liquidation of the organization;
• periodic failure to fulfill job duties (if there are official penalties);
• a single gross violation of duties (absenteeism, appearing drunk, disclosing secrets, theft or embezzlement, violation of labor safety rules followed by an accident);
• committing an immoral act incompatible with the performance of work duties;
• presentation of false documents when applying for a job and concluding an employment contract.

In case of illegal dismissal due to the employer’s initiative, the employee can count on reinstatement or payment of compensation for the period of forced absence from work. However, this will require go to court- independently or through a legal representative.

Double tax deduction for children for a single parent

This is a set amount of workers' income on which personal income tax is not charged. It helps to increase the actual amount of salary paid out. Deductions are established for certain categories of citizens, including each parent for each child under 18 years of age (up to 24 years of age if he or she is studying full-time), starting from the month of their birth or adoption.

• The concept of “single mother” by default does not provide for the presence of a second parent in the family, therefore, according to Art. 218 of the Tax Code (TC) of the Russian Federation, single mothers can count on double tax deduction from the amount that is provided to each parent from a complete family.
• This deduction is standard - that is, it does not depend on material well-being, receipt of other benefits and allowances, or any other additional factors.

The amount of tax deductions for single mothers is fixed. In 2016 they are:

• 2,800 rub. - for the first, second child;
• 6,000 rub. - on the third and each next;
• 24,000 rub. - .

From January 1, 2016, tax benefits are provided until the woman’s annual income will reach 350,000 rubles. (equivalent to earnings on average of more than 29 thousand rubles. per month). Starting from the month in which total income exceeds 350 thousand, personal income tax will be charged on the full amount of earnings.

Single mothers can receive a double deduction only before they get married, while many are eligible after she gets married (but only if her husband does not adopt her child).

How to get a personal income tax deduction for a single mother

In order to, in most cases, an application and relevant documents must be submitted at the place of work one time. If the conditions for providing a double deduction have not changed (for example, due to the birth of another child), and the initial application does not indicate the specific year for which the employee is applying for the benefit, then submitting a second application is not required.

The application is written in free form. Copies of supporting documents are attached to it:

• birth certificate of the baby (court decision on adoption by a single woman);
• a certificate from the housing office confirming the cohabitation of the child and mother;
• certificate from the registry office:
  • according to form No. 24 - if the child has a dash in the “father” column;
  • - that the father is recorded from the words of the mother;
• confirmation that the applicant is not married (her passport);
• if necessary:
  • certificate of disability of the child - to receive a tax deduction in an increased amount;
  • a certificate from the educational institution stating that a child over 18 years of age is studying full-time - to extend the period for receiving a personal income tax deduction until graduation or until the child reaches the age of 24 years.

Tax benefits are issued only one place of work. The deduction is provided monthly by the employer (for employees) or as a lump sum after filing a tax return at the end of the year (in the form of a one-time compensation).

Sick leave for a single mother to care for a child

Issued and paid for for a single mother the same as for a married woman. Despite the abundance of rumors and even publications on this subject, no priorities or features for singles at the federal level have long existed.

According to Art. 6 of Federal Law No. 255-FZ of December 29, 2006 “On compulsory social insurance”, as well as part V of the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 624n dated June 29, 2011. “On the procedure for issuing certificates of incapacity for work”, sick leave for a child is paid from the Social Insurance Fund (SIF) depending on age:

• Up to 7 years - for the entire period of treatment at home or sharing a hospital stay, but not more than a total of 60 calendar days per year per child. If the disease is included in this list, the period is extended to 90 days.
• From 7 to 15 years - up to 15 calendar days for each case during outpatient or hospital treatment, but not more than a total of 45 days a year.
• From 15 to 18 years old - for 3 days during outpatient treatment (maybe extend up to 7 days).
• In special cases, for children under 15 and under 18 years old - for the entire treatment period:
  • Up to 15 years when living (in a resettlement zone or with the right to resettlement, when moving from contaminated areas), as well as in case of diseases caused by radiation exposure on the mother - for the entire period of illness.
  • :
    • in general, up to 18 years of age - for the entire period of outpatient or hospital treatment for each case, but not more than 120 days a year in total.
    • up to 18 years old with HIV infection- for the entire period of stay of the mother and child in the medical institution.
  • For a child under 18 years of age with an illness associated with post-vaccination complications or malignant tumors- for the entire period of treatment on an outpatient basis or in a hospital.

Established deadlines may be extended medical commission. Sick leave is not paid when caring for a chronically ill child during a period of remission, as well as if the mother is on planned annual or unpaid leave.

Amount of sick leave payments when caring for a child

The amount of hospital payments for each case for a single mother and one of the parents in a complete family as a percentage is (according to Article 7 of Law No. 255-FZ of December 29, 2006, Article 4 of Law No. 2-FZ of January 10, 2002 ., Article 25 of the Law of the Russian Federation No. 1244-1 of May 15, 1991):

• For outpatient treatment:
  • for the first 10 calendar days - depending on the mother’s work experience:
    • 60% of average earnings - with less than 5 years of insurance coverage;
    • 80% of the average salary - with experience from 5 to 8 years;
    • 100% - with experience of 8 years or more;
  • for the rest of the time - in the amount of 50% of average earnings.
• During hospital treatment- for the entire period of treatment, depending on the mother’s insurance coverage (see above).
• For outpatient or inpatient treatment for a child under 15 years old - 100% of the mother’s average earnings, if:
  • mother was exposed to radiation as a result of tests at the Semipalatinsk test site or an explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant;
  • when living in a contaminated radiation area.

Benefits when entering kindergarten

In our country, the activities of kindergartens are regulated at the municipal level, therefore, even in neighboring cities, the conditions for receiving children and caring for them may differ significantly. As of 2016 at the state level there are no uniform benefits when admitting a child to kindergartens for certain categories of citizens, including children of single mothers.

In 1995-2008 The founders of kindergartens were indeed recommended to admit into groups, first of all, children raised by a single parent, as well as a number of other beneficiaries (clause 25 of the “Model Regulations on a Preschool Educational Institution” - the now inactive Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 677 of 07/01/1995).

However, similar benefits for children of single mothers operate at the local level in many cities. They are regulated by local legislation. For example:

• Preference for admission to kindergartens is given to residents raising children without a husband. For example, in Angarsk, Bratsk, Shelekhov, such mothers are given priority or extraordinary right.
• a single mother who finds herself in a difficult life situation can submit an application to a special commission for priority admission of her child to kindergarten (Order No. 675-ru dated September 7, 2009).
• Benefits for admission to kindergarten are provided to children of single mothers (Order No. 1310 of August 31, 2010).

Before placing your child on the waiting list for kindergarten, you should check whether in a particular city there are benefits for admission or payment for kindergarten for single mothers.

• Also in many regions there are discounts on kindergarten fees single mothers (up to 50% of the established parental fee for each child).
• In some regions of the Russian Federation there are benefits for parents whose children were unable to get into kindergarten due to a lack of places (in kindergarten).

How can a single mother get housing?

Help in solving the housing problem is provided to single mothers in Russia in the same order as full families with kids. This means placing on a waiting list for an apartment, as well as the opportunity to participate in government housing programs with grants or subsidies for purchasing an apartment or building a house.

A single woman with children has the same right to improved housing conditions with subsidies from the state as other families in Russia. Another thing is that not every single mother has enough of her own funds to purchase housing, even with all the subsidies from the state.

There are still legends that single mothers are given apartments free from the state. Unfortunately, this is not true - you shouldn't even hope for it. Now it is very difficult to get the coveted square meters even for large families who huddle in small apartments.

Participation in the “Young Family” program for a single mother

People can also participate in government housing programs that provide housing subsidies. single mother. How to get an apartment using a program like this?

1. First of all, Russian citizenship of the mother and child is required, the absence of other housing ownership and residence in the same territory for the time established by regional law.
2. You need to contact the district administration at your place of residence and obtain a document that the family needs improved living conditions, and also join the general housing queue. This is possible in cases where:
   • the living area per person is below the standards established in the region;
   • living in premises that do not meet sanitary and other standards;
   • living in a communal apartment;
   • the presence of a sick person in the family, living next to whom is dangerous to health.
3. Single woman's income should be such that she is given a housing loan that she can pay. In 2016, for two (mother and child) it should be at least 21,621 rubles, for three - 32,510 rubles. You also need a certain amount of personal funds to pay the down payment.

The payment is given at the rate of 35% per 42 m² for a family of two people (or at the rate of 18 m² for each family member, if there are more than two). The bad news is that in many regions these social programs are being phased out due to the crisis.

There are state and regional programs that support single mothers. But few people know exactly what benefits a single mother can claim in 2019 and what benefits she is entitled to use. In the article we will talk in detail about all the payments that are due to this social category, about the procedure for receiving it, as well as about tax, labor and other social benefits.

Who can get single mother status?

Who is a single mother (SM)? At first glance, the answer is obvious - this is a woman raising a child on her own (without a husband). In fact, not every single mother has status single mothers. In modern legislation there is no official concept of a single mother, but it was in Soviet times. It was first introduced by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on July 8, 1944, and the final version was formed in paragraph 8 of Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 659 dated August 12, 1970. This term is still used today at a generally accepted level. Who is legally considered a single mother and who is not?

The status of a single mother is understood as a woman who has a child, in whose birth certificate there is no information about the father, or the father is recorded according to the mother (that is, without establishing paternity, without the status of a parent - p clause 3 of article 17 of the Federal Law “On acts of civil status”, clause 3 of art. 51 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). Such a woman is assigned a social status and the registry office issues a certificate in form No. 25, according to which she has the opportunity to receive special benefits and enjoy various benefits (tax, labor, etc.).

There are basic criteria by which single women with children receive the status of “single mother”:

• Your baby was born out of wedlock and paternity has not been established by the court. For example, if you live with your spouse in a civil marriage, but the husband did not recognize himself as the father of the baby, and you did not file a claim in court, then you can receive the status of a single mother;
• The baby was born 300 calendar days after you divorced your husband (automatic paternity). But at the same time, your ex-husband has challenged paternity, about which there is a corresponding court decision;
• You have registered an adoption, but you are not officially married. Even if you live with your husband without a signature, you can receive the status of a single mother. This is possible if you carried out the adoption yourself, and your unofficial spouse does not appear in the adoption documents.

Quite common are cases where single mothers try to prove their official status, but are refused by government authorities. Therefore, it is worth separately considering situations when the mother is not recognized as single:

• You are divorced, you don’t communicate with your ex-husband, you don’t know about his whereabouts, and you don’t receive alimony from him. But in this case, you are not a single mother, since the fact of paternity of your ex-husband has been documented (recorded in the birth certificate). Here we are talking about the ex-husband’s failure to fulfill his parental obligations (evasion of alimony payments, for example);
• There is a court decision in which your spouse is recognized as the father of the baby. The court may decide to recognize your common-law or former spouse as the father, regardless of whether you live with him or not;
• There is no paternity in relation to the baby, but the woman is officially married;
• You divorced your husband (or your marriage was declared invalid), and within 300 calendar days after that you gave birth to a baby. In this case, your ex-husband will be recognized as the father.

Let's consider the last case in more detail. Regardless of the wishes of your ex-spouse, even whether he is the biological father, he will be entered on the birth certificate. It does not change anything if after the divorce you lived in a civil marriage with another person. In order for your common-law husband to be recognized as the baby’s father, you need his decision and a corresponding application to the registry office.

Often the factor of marriage is overlooked to determine status, they say, the child does not have an official father, then the mother will be single in any case (in the situation with this child). So, the latter loses its MO status, although, in fact, it remains the only parent for the child. Some regional laws mention this. So in a bz. 8 clause 1.3. Decree of the Moscow Government No. 973-PP dated November 6, 2007 clearly states that a single mother should not be married.

So, the factors for recognizing you as a single mother are raising a child outside of marriage and the lack of documented paternity. Social status is confirmed by a certificate f. No. 25, which is issued by the civil registry office on the basis of a birth certificate (in the “Father” column there is a dash or the father is written down from the words of the mother).

Sometimes social status is confirmed by a court decision. When a single mother is denied relevant benefits and rights to state support, this status can be established in court.

Previously, the position of the Ministry of Defense was certified by the personal book of a single mother. Currently, such a document is not issued by social security institutions. But if it exists, then it retains its power.

There are cases when in one family, in relation to different children, the same woman can simultaneously be a MO and at the same time not have such status, because a single parent is determined in connection with a specific child.

For example, unmarried citizen Spirina A.A., has three children: a son and two daughters. The daughters were born in a marriage (which is currently dissolved) and paternity is not disputed (the ex-husband pays alimony). And the son was born out of wedlock, without a record of the father in the certificate. So in relation to the son of Spirin A.A. a single mother, but in relation to her daughters, an ordinary mother.

Cash payments: amounts and procedure

Absolutely all mothers (including those raising a baby on their own) have the right to social insurance payments in connection with pregnancy and at the birth of a child, namely:

• If you are pregnant for up to 12 weeks, you go to the clinic at your place of residence and register, then you are entitled to a one-time payment in the amount of 628.47 rubles;
• After 30 weeks of pregnancy, the antenatal clinic doctor will issue you a sick leave, according to which payments are calculated at the place of work. Along with the sick leave, there is a birth certificate with a total value of 11,000 rubles. It can be spent on medical services in a antenatal clinic, maternity hospital, children's clinic, as well as on the purchase of medicines;
• At birth, you receive a state benefit, which is paid one-time in the amount of 16,759.09 rubles. In addition, until the child reaches 1.5 years of age, a monthly allowance is due, the minimum amount of which is 3,142.33 rubles. for the first child for subsequent 6,284.65 rubles. It should be noted that such assistance can only be received by the person who actually cares for the baby, that is, is on maternity leave.

There are also additional payments and benefits for mothers of many children, such as maternity capital, benefits until the child reaches 3 years old, etc. Maternity capital is due to the mother at the birth of her second, third and subsequent children. Its size is fixed by law and in 2017 is 453,026 rubles. Regional maternity capital for 3 children can be received not only by a single mother, but also by mothers raising children in two-parent families.

As for the additional payments that single mothers are entitled to, their size and procedure for receiving them are under the control of regional authorities. The amount of payments varies depending on the average family income (above or below the subsistence level). Often single mothers are entitled to standard payments (like other mothers), but at an increased rate. The question often arises of how long a single mother can receive benefits. The answer is individual in each specific case and depends on the number of children in the family, the average per capita income per family member/total family income, the status of the child (disabled/healthy), as well as the social policy of local authorities. In most regions of the Russian Federation, single mothers receive the following types of financial assistance:

• additional benefit (one-time) for the birth of a child (this is practiced in the Volgograd region);
• bonus monthly social assistance for a single mother (for example, in Voronezh its amount is 514.80 rubles, in Novosibirsk 478.31 rubles);
• monthly payments for child care up to 3 years old;
• benefit for the 3rd child, which is paid monthly until he reaches 3 years of age;
• assistance for a mother raising a disabled child (can be paid until the child reaches 18 years of age);
• targeted targeted monetary assistance (for example, in Bashkortostan, from 15,000 to 100,000 rubles are allocated for vocational training, for running a private farm, business, etc.);
• compensation for parental fees for non-attendance at kindergartens (applied in the Ulyanovsk region);
• long-term payments for children of single mothers from 0 to 16/18 years (appointed, for example, in the Leningrad region);
• other cases.

In general, the status of a municipal organization implies the receipt of standard benefits, additional payments to benefits (increased amount), separate social assistance (targeted for the municipal organization) in cash and in kind, benefits (social plan), guarantees (in medical, labor relations) and various benefits in various spheres of life.

To find out what benefits are available to single mothers in your area, contact your local social security office.

Amount of benefits in Moscow

In order to understand the procedure for providing financial assistance to single mothers, let’s consider the situation with social payments in Moscow.

The amount of payments directly depends on the average family income, namely on whether the income exceeds the subsistence level or not. If a family consists of 2 people (mother and baby), then the minimum is 31,065 rubles. per month (mother 17,624 rubles + child 13,441 rubles). If you live in Moscow and your income is below this indicator, then you can count on:

• payment to compensate for the increase in the cost of living in Moscow. This assistance is paid monthly until the child turns 16 years old (for schoolchildren, university students, technical schools and other full-time educational institutions - up to 18 years old). Amount of assistance – 750 rubles/month;
• allowance in the amount of 2,500 rubles. It is received monthly by mothers of children under 1.5 years old, as well as from 3 to 18 years old;
• assistance in the amount of 4,500 rubles, which is paid on a monthly basis to mothers of children from 1.5 to 3 years old.

If your income is above the subsistence level, you will not receive the above assistance. But at the same time you have the right to:

• compensation payment in the amount of 300 rubles. monthly. Paid until the child reaches 16 years of age (for full-time students - 18 years of age);
• compensation for rising food prices (675 rubles monthly for children under 3 years old). Mothers receive the same assistance in cases where the ex-husband evades paying alimony;
• assistance in caring for a disabled child of groups 1 and 2 or disabled since childhood (6,000 rubles monthly). The mother receives payments until her son/daughter turns 18 and only if the child does not work, and if the child has been disabled since childhood - until the age of 23.

Also, the Moscow authorities have appointed a benefit for the second child, which is paid one-time in the amount of 14,500 rubles. All mothers can count on this help, regardless of whether they have the status of a single mother or not.

The amount of social assistance for single mothers in Moscow is considered quite high compared to other regions of the Russian Federation, which in turn is associated with the high level of consumer prices in the capital.

Example No. 1.
Moscow resident Samsonova E.D. independently raises two children - daughter Samsonova S.V. (schoolgirl, 15 years old) and son Samsonov V.V. (4 years). Average monthly income of Samsonova E.D. – 41,610 rub. The cost of living for a family is 44,506 rubles. (mother 17.624 + son 13.441 + daughter 13.441). Let's calculate the amount of financial assistance to which the Samsonov family is entitled. Since the Samsonovs’ income is below the subsistence level established in Moscow, the Samsonovs can claim:

• 2,500 rubles each. for daughter Samsonova S.V. and son Samsonov V.V., total 5,000 monthly;
• compensation payments taking into account the difference in consumer prices, 750 rubles. for a son and daughter, a total of 1,500 monthly;
• one-time assistance for the son of Samsonov V.V. – 14.500.

Thus, the Samsonov family will receive 14,500 one-time and 6,500 monthly (5,000 + 1,5000).

How to get benefits

For payments, you need to contact the social security authority at your place of residence, having first collected the necessary documents:

• child's birth certificate (copy);
• a certificate from the registry office, which indicates that information about the father was recorded from the words of the mother (if such a fact occurred);
• a certificate from the Criminal Code with information about the composition of the family (confirms that the son/daughter lives with the mother);
• Form No. 25, confirming the status of a single mother (the document can be obtained from the registry office when registering a birth certificate).

If the status of a single mother is assigned due to the fact that the ex-husband has challenged paternity of a son/daughter born in marriage, then along with the above documents, a copy of the court decision must be submitted to Social Security.

Payment of benefits is assigned from the month when the documents were transferred to Social Security, so it is in your interests to take care of providing the papers as soon as possible. Assistance is transferred until the child reaches a certain age, within which payments are assigned.

Labor guarantees

Labor legislation provides single mothers with social protection during employment, in the workplace, and also in case of dismissal. What labor benefits are available to a single mother?

• when hiring, there is a privilege compared to other candidates for the position (although this is more of a moral side of the issue). But in any case, refusal of employment cannot be based on the fact that you are raising a child alone. The employer is obliged to provide a justified reason for not approving your candidacy for the vacant position;
• if you are officially employed, then you have the right to demand that your employer establish a part-time working day (if your son/daughter is under 14 years old);
• If the baby is under 5 years old, then you can refuse overtime work, night shifts, work on weekends and holidays. Management has no right to force or apply any disciplinary action;
• As a single mother, you are entitled to child care benefits in case of illness. Its amount depends on your work experience and salary, as well as on whether the child is treated as an inpatient or outpatient.

A single mother cannot be fired in the event of a reduction in staff (similar to pregnant women), a change in management, or in the civil service - when access to state secrets is terminated.

But an employer can fire a woman during the liquidation of an enterprise (for example, due to bankruptcy), but at the same time he is assigned financial obligations in connection with the upcoming employment of the dismissed woman.

Tax benefits

According to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, a single mother has the right to a reduced tax burden in the form of a deduction when calculating personal income tax. If, as a standard, each parent is provided with a deduction in the amount of 1,400 rubles, then a single woman has the right to a double rate of 2,800 rubles. Compensation is provided for each child under 18 years of age. If the son/daughter is a full-time student at a university, technical school, or is a resident, cadet, or graduate student, then the tax refund for the mother remains until they reach 24 years of age. When raising a disabled child, the mother receives a deduction of 6,000 rubles.

Compensation is provided to the mother on a monthly basis. To do this, it is necessary to submit documents confirming the status of a single mother to the place of work: form No. 25 or a certificate from the registry office, if information about the father is indicated according to the mother. Based on these documents, the accounting department recalculates personal income tax on a monthly basis: the tax is calculated based on total income minus deductions.

Example No. 2.
Sviridova S.D. independently raises two children - the son of Sviridov G.P. (25 years old, resident) and daughter Sviridov E.P. (21 years old, full-time student at a university). Average monthly income of Sviridova S.D. is 14,820 rubles. Let's calculate the amount of tax compensation for each child:

• despite the fact that the son of Sviridov G.P. is a resident, a deduction cannot be issued for him. This is due to the fact that the son is over 24 years old;
• for daughter Sviridova E.P. You can apply for compensation, since she is under 24 years old and is a full-time student. Compensation for a daughter is provided in the standard amount - 2,800 rubles.

In general, Sviridova S.D. pays personal income tax from monthly income:

14.820 * 13% = 1.927

After registration of the deduction, the tax will be calculated as follows:

(14.820 – 2.800) * 13% = 1.563

Thus, for the Sviridov family, the monthly savings are:

1.927 – 1.563 = 364 rubles.

In addition to providing a deduction, tax legislation exempts single mothers from paying property taxes. True, at the municipal level, that is, at the discretion of legislators of a particular locality (for example, in Norilsk). There are no benefits at the federal level (universally).

The situation is similar with land and transport taxes.

Fringe benefits

There are other social benefits for single mothers, the provision of which is guaranteed by municipal legislation (that is, not in all regions and localities):

• a set of free baby clothes for your baby;
• provision of food in the children's dairy kitchen for children under 2 years of age;
• free massage for children in the clinic (if this service is paid for everyone);
• benefits for admission to kindergarten (children of single mothers enter preschool institutions out of turn);
• free vouchers to children's health resorts.

Regional authorities may provide additional social support. For example, single mothers in Moscow are entitled to benefits in the form of free two meals a day for schoolchildren. If the child is studying at an art school, then, according to the Resolution of the Culture Committee, a single mother pays for her studies with a 30% discount.

In order to clearly understand which benefits are available to single mothers and which are not, let’s look at the table.

To clarify information about benefits and the procedure for applying for them, a single mother must contact the social protection authorities at her place of residence.

How does the loss of MO status affect the receipt of benefits, benefits, etc.

When a mother loses her single status (gets married, adopts a child, etc.), the question often arises about the fate of government assistance.

If we are talking about a one-time benefit, then previously received payments are inviolable; they are not subject to return, recalculation, offset, etc.

As for monthly state/regional benefits, the recipient of assistance (MO) must report changes in their life situation within the nearest reasonable time (to the same place where they applied for benefits) before the next payment is received. Otherwise, a recalculation is possible, and if this information is deliberately concealed for a long time, the police may become interested in this fact (upon a statement from the payer of state/regulatory assistance about fraud).

Benefits and allowances in certain regions

To fully realize your financial rights, it is useful to know what payments a single mother is entitled to in her region of residence.

Below is information about benefits and benefits in individual regions of the Federation.

Moscow region

Saint Petersburg

Krasnodar region

Stavropol region

Voronezh region

Altai region

Sverdlovsk region

Irkutsk region

Tambov Region

Yaroslavl region

Perm region

More detailed information about child benefits for single mothers of regional importance should be found in any territorial department of social security of the corresponding region.

Question answer

Question:
A woman is raising her son on her own due to the fact that the father is deprived of parental rights. Can a woman obtain single mother status?

No, since the ex-husband is actually the father, as documented (birth certificate). Single mother status can only be obtained if information about the father is not documented.

Question:
A woman is raising a daughter who is disabled group 2. At the age of 17, the daughter was officially employed. How much benefit can a mother expect?

Payments in the amount of 6,000 rubles. are transferred to the mother monthly until her daughter’s employment. The assistance ends in the month when the daughter returns to work. Social and tax benefits remain in full, regardless of whether the daughter works or not.

A single mother is a woman who is not married and is raising a child or children alone, without a joint statement from the parents to register paternity rights when registering the child with the registry office. A single woman is often confused with a single woman (who has a child but no husband). In our case, we are talking about a woman whose child officially does not have a father. Such a mother does not have the opportunity to apply for the collection of alimony, because there is no one to legally collect it from.

If the father wants to obtain paternity rights, he can resolve this issue in court. If a woman does not want to register the second parent in the documents or he himself does not want to admit the fact of having a child, this can also be decided in court (Article 49 of the RF IC).

When a man was not officially married to a woman who has a child from him, but recognized the baby and after some time passed away, the fact of paternity is also established through special legal proceedings (Article 50 of the RF IC, paragraph 4, paragraph. 2 Article 264 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation).

When can a mother qualify for single status?

• If there is a dash in the “Father” column on the birth certificate.
• When the mother did not submit an application to the registry office to register paternity.
• The mother adopted the baby without being married.
• If a man disputes his paternity based on genetic testing, which was certified in court.
• When the birth occurred after 300 days from the date of divorce.
• In the case of adoption, when the mother was married, but the husband refused to accept these obligations.

The Moscow Civil Registry Office has given the following definition of a single mother: “A single mother is the mother of a child who is not married, or her marriage has been dissolved, declared invalid by the court, or the husband of the child’s mother has died, and from the date of dissolution of the marriage, recognition of it as invalid, or from the date more than three hundred days have passed since the death of the mother’s spouse before the child’s birth, and paternity of the child has not been established.”

1. An application, a sample of which is issued by the social protection authorities.
2. Passport or driver's license.
3. Baby's birth certificate.
4. Certificate of family composition.
5. On the right according to form No. 25, which is issued at the registry office. It contains information about where and when the child was born, his parents are indicated, the registration number and the name of the registry office where it was made.
6. Income certificate certifying that .
7. A certificate from the employment service stating that the mother is not registered for unemployment and does not receive such benefits.

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, such matters are entitled to a monthly federal benefit, the amount of which depends on the specific region.

General conditions that affect the amount of benefit for a single mother are:

• Fact of employment.
• Amount of children.
• Average family income per person.

Legally, such a woman is entitled to an amount that is equal to payments for children for two-parent families. The entire amount of payments at the state level is fixed in Federal Law No. 81-FZ of May 19, 1995 “On state benefits for citizens with children.”

An additional payment is the federal child benefit, the amount of which depends on the region. As a rule, we are talking about a small amount.

In order to receive such benefits, you need to contact the specialized state protection authorities, providing the following documents:

1. An application that also includes information about family income.
2. Child's birth certificate.
3. A certificate from the housing office confirming that the child lives with the mother.
4. Employment history.
5. Passport.
6. Coordinates of the card or bank account where the money will need to be transferred.

If verification of existing income is required, the social security authority provides a preliminary response to the applicant’s request within 10 days, indicating the need for additional verification. After all procedures have been completed, the final response is given no later than 30 days after the date of application.

If the mother is employed, after the birth of her second baby she can count on the same benefits as after the birth of her first. In this case, the amount of payments for a child up to 1.5 years old increases, and the woman already has.

Regional maternity capital is usually prescribed after the birth of the third child, but the law provides for exceptions.

If a single mother doesn't work

Such women are entitled to less benefits than working women. Payments are usually minimal and are carried out through the Social Security authorities, and not through the Social Insurance Fund in the case of working people.

During pregnancy, such women are also not entitled to financial benefits. They are paid only a lump sum after childbirth and monthly until the child reaches 1.5 years of age.
There are a number of benefits that mothers who do not work can count on:

1. Child benefit for a low-income family, the amount of which is calculated individually.
2. Maternity capital for the second child in the amount of RUB 453,026.00.
3. Monthly allowance for the third child until he reaches the age of three.

Students and military women are also officially equal to the status of non-workers. They are paid an amount equal to a scholarship or cash allowance.

Single mother - changes in legislation

Women who raise children without a father can enjoy a number of benefits and privileges, including:

1. Compensation for baby food until the child reaches three years of age.
2. Kindergarten without a queue. To do this, the mother needs to obtain a certificate and send it to the kindergarten. If the mother does not want to send her son or daughter to this institution, she has the right to receive compensation.
3. Benefits for paying for housing and communal services. This is a so-called subsidy, for which you need to apply to the responsible authorities.
4. No possibility of dismissal from work due to layoff. Dismissal can only occur in case of gross violation of labor discipline. These include theft, drunkenness, and truancy. The list also includes disclosure of trade secrets and forgery of documents.
5. Free two meals a day at school.
6. Prohibition on working night shifts, overtime and on weekends. This law is valid until the child turns 5 years old.

Single mother raising a disabled child

Mothers who have a disabled child under guardianship may qualify for additional monthly payments from the state:

1. In the case where official guardianship has been issued over the child, the payment amount is 2,000 rubles.
2. When the mother is also disabled, she is entitled to an increased pension.
3. Regional surcharges are possible, the amount of which depends on the legislative framework of a particular region.

Social guarantees provided in this case:

1. A woman must work part-time.
2. She is entitled to 4 days off, which are paid at the workers' rate.
3. The employer cannot fire the mother if she does not agree.
4. If a mother raises a child under 18 years of age, she has the right to retire upon reaching the age of 50.
5. A woman has the right to social housing.

Improving living conditions

A single mother does not have a priority right to housing. This becomes possible if the family has status.

There is a program “Affordable Housing for Young Families”. According to its rules, if a mother is no more than 35 years old and is raising 1 or more children, she can become a participant in this program under the item “Providing housing for young families.”

Who is not recognized as single mothers?

1. If a mother is raising children after a divorce.
2. When a woman has a child within 300 days after the divorce or the same period after the death of her spouse. In this case, the ex-husband is recognized as the father (Article 48 Part 2 of the Family Code).
3. If paternity is established voluntarily or by court decision, but the woman still continues to raise the children herself.
4. Widow.
5. If the father is legally deprived of parental rights.

Even if a woman is not qualified for her position, by order of her superiors she cannot be dismissed from work until the child turns 14 years old. If the contract expires, management may dismiss, but provide continued employment. In this case, the job search should not exceed three months. During this period, the woman must receive the average salary from her previous place of work.
Sick leave is paid in full, regardless of its duration.

According to the law, if a child is between 7 and 15 years old, the mother has the right to take sick leave for up to 15 days. When outpatient treatment is indicated, wages are paid in full for the first 10 days. Starting from the 11th day, the salary is calculated at 50% of the rate.

As for leave, the mother is entitled to it every year. There are two types – paid and unpaid. The mother can take the second one at a time that is convenient for her.

If there is a need to get a job, and a woman has a son or daughter under 14 years of age in her care, the employer, in case of refusal of a job, must provide a written explanation where the reason must be substantiated. When a woman considers that the reason for refusal is unfounded, she can go to court to resolve this issue.

Can a single mother get a mortgage?

The bank does not provide separate lending conditions for this category of the population, however, if a woman has a stable income, she can easily get a mortgage. The presence of a husband in this case is not necessary. Family income is considered.

If a woman has two children, she will also need to prove her solvency. In this case, the income level must be high to cover the costs for three people. When you need to pay the down payment, you can use funds from maternity capital. Legislation provides for its use to improve living conditions. It can also be used to pay off the principal portion of the mortgage loan.

An initial fee

To date, there is no special program that would suggest taking out a mortgage without a down payment. Also, the state has not developed any legislative acts that would help a single mother repay a loan. There is a possibility of regional bills that could regulate this situation and provide assistance to single mothers in purchasing housing. Such possibilities need to be clarified locally with the administration of the locality.

Question answer

I'm a single mother. Recently, a man who is biologically the father of my child returned to the country. Can I file child support for him if, by law, I am raising the child alone?

In this case, a woman can file for alimony in court, but she will need to achieve recognition of paternity, voluntarily or forcibly.

Are there any benefits for providing vouchers for children to a sanatorium?

Eat. You need to contact the social protection center at your place of residence. In this case, it is necessary to draw up an application and a package of documents, which will be indicated there.

My child starts school in a year. Who can tell me what benefits may be provided if I am a single mother?

At school it will be possible to have two free meals a day at the expense of the state. If you live in Moscow, you can apply for training in art schools, sports and other specialized sections on preferential terms. The benefit amount is 30% below the regular cost.

If a single mother gets married and her husband does not adopt the child, does the woman still have this status?

After marriage, the status of children born before marriage remains the same.

The rights of single mothers are protected by law. However, before entering into labor, family and other types of relationships, you need to familiarize yourself with the legislative rationale that works in a particular case. A specialized lawyer who works in the field of Family or Labor Law will help with this.