05.04.2024

How to get rid of pain in a bruised finger and remove a bruise under the nail. Subungual strip-like hemorrhages are one of the symptoms of chronic dermatoses. Blood under the thumbnail.

Hello, Vera! To understand how to get rid of bruises under your nails, you should first understand why and for what reasons these bruises appear there.

Subungual hematomas, or bruises under the nails, occur as a result of the accumulation of blood when the nail plate is damaged. The most common cause of such hematomas is pinching of fingers in doors. They are usually very painful.

The cause of a bruise under the nail plate can be not only an injury such as being caught in a door, but also simply a blow. And if bruises appear under the toenails, the cause may be wearing tight dress shoes. Since it creates constant pressure on the nail plate.

Sometimes it happens that your fingers are simply stepped on somewhere on public transport, and this causes bruises.

With such mechanical damage to the nails, it is better not to try to remove the bruise yourself, but simply wait until the nail grows a little and you can cut off the damaged part. By the way, regular pressure from shoes on the nails can also cause not only bruises, but also detachments on the nail plate, or its rejection from the pad, that is, onycholysis. In such cases, I would advise you first of all to give up shoes that create pressure on your nails and discomfort when walking. And, secondly, contact a pedicure specialist in a beauty salon. So that he removes all detachments from the nail plate and seals them. Also pay more attention to home nail care: use specialized strengthening coatings, and regularly soak your feet in baths with sea salt. This helps strengthen nails.

Subungual hematomas (subungual hemorrhages), in which mechanical damage is excluded, can appear under the influence of drugs - due to prolonged combined use of medications. Therefore, it is worth reconsidering, if possible, taking these medications, or approaching the treatment of the underlying disease more delicately and carefully. Maybe replace some medications with others, or even give them up altogether.

Abnormal nail color can also be mistaken for bruises. For example, blue-black nail color may indicate melanoma and nevi (growths on birthmarks). In this case, it is better to consult a doctor.

If the bruises are of mechanical origin, you can try to get rid of them faster with the help of pharmaceutical venotonic creams/gels, such as: Troxevasin, Venoruton, Venitan, etc.

Minor injuries at home and at work are considered an everyday occurrence. Sometimes we simply don’t notice them, and are very surprised to find bruises and scratches on our bodies. But when it comes to the nail area on the fingers or toes, such damage does not go unnoticed, because they are accompanied by severe pain and the appearance of a strange dark spot hiding under the nail plate and causing noticeable discomfort. This is a subungual hematoma, often accompanying severe mechanical injuries to the fingers. And today we will talk about how to treat such damage.

Causes of subungual hematoma

No matter how scary the dark spot under the nail may look, there is nothing unusual in its appearance. A damaging mechanical effect on soft tissue is accompanied by rupture of the vessels inside them, and a bluish or brown spot is just the result of hemorrhage. In other words, a subungual hematoma is nothing more than an accumulation of blood in the space between the nail bed and the nail plate.

It is difficult to say where hematomas under the nails most often appear: on the hands or feet. In principle, both the lower and upper extremities are equally susceptible to injury. For example, the cause of a bruise under the nail of one of the fingers may be a strong blow to it or the distal phalanx being pinched by a door.

The toes are unlikely to be pinched. But it is quite possible for a heavy object to fall on your foot or for a perceptible blow with your finger (usually the thumb) to something hard.

It is quite easy to damage a toenail when walking barefoot, simply by hitting it hard on the ground or an object lying on the ground (for example, a stone). An identical situation occurs during a game of football. Inappropriate shoes or lack of them can be a very unexpected cause of the appearance of a subungual hematoma on the big toe.

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Risk factors

Risk factors for the formation of a bruise under the nail can also be considered:

wearing uncomfortable or tight shoes that squeeze the toes in the area of the nail plate,
taking anticoagulants and other medications that reduce blood clotting and can cause minor hemorrhages,
diseases in which there is low blood viscosity and a tendency to bleeding,
increased fragility of blood vessels, as a result of which even a minor injury can be accompanied by rupture of blood vessels and hemorrhages.
decreased sensitivity of the lower extremities, associated, for example, with the development of polyneuropathy due to diabetes mellitus (such patients may walk in tight shoes and not feel pressure on the fingers, leading to hematoma under the nails),
a disproportionately large length of one of the toes, which leads to strong shoe pressure on it (for example, with Martynov’s disease, the second toe is excessively long, it is clear that it is more susceptible to injury than others).

You can get a nail injury both at home and at work. Such an injury is always accompanied by a certain discomfort, and sometimes can even have unpleasant consequences, so it is important to carefully and seriously consider the issue of its diagnosis and treatment.

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Symptoms of subungual hematoma

As we have already said, if a bruise on the body can appear unnoticed even from a slight blow or compression of soft tissues, then the appearance of a subungual hematoma is preceded by a strong mechanical impact on the nail plate and soft tissues of the fingers. It is simply impossible not to notice such an impact; how to react to it is another matter.

The first signs of injury accompanied by the appearance of a subungual hematoma are:

sharp and severe pain at the site of the injury, which is pulsating in nature and is often accompanied by a feeling of fullness
redness of the tissue under the nail plate,
deterioration in the functioning of the finger due to pain or bone damage.

short-term loss of sensation in the finger (in case of severe injury, numbness can be observed for a long time),

swelling of the tissues of the injured finger, as a result of which it slightly increases in size,
a change in the color of the spot under the nail from reddish to bluish, burgundy, dark brown and even purple-black (it all depends on the force of the blow and the amount of blood spilled under the nail plate),
in some cases, complete or partial detachment of the nail from the nail bed and its deformation are observed.

As for the pain, after an impact it is stronger than after wearing and taking off tight shoes, but in the latter case the pain can be felt for a longer time, especially when putting pressure on the toe.

Complications and consequences

A careless attitude towards domestic injuries, which is observed everywhere, unfortunately, can have its unpleasant consequences. Well, you hurt your finger and a dark spot appeared on it, so is this a reason to immediately run to the doctor if it gradually goes away on its own as the nail grows? This is exactly what many of us think, unaware of the possible complications.

Perhaps the bruise itself does not pose any particular danger. But deformation of the nail plate (more often its splitting) or its detachment can cause frequent injury to the nail and discomfort when walking if the nail of the big toe is damaged.

We will not touch upon the topic of the cosmetic ugliness of a nail defect, because such injuries can also have more unpleasant consequences in the form of infection under the nail. Bacteria, having hit the nail plate, begin to actively multiply, causing inflammation and suppuration of the tissues, and this already threatens, if not blood poisoning, then loss of the nail and serious treatment with the use of local (and in the case of septic lesions, systemic) antibiotics.

By the way, there is also a danger of infection if the approach to treating a hematoma is incorrect. Blood usually accumulates under the nail plate, and the more of it, the more unpleasant the sensations caused by the pressure of blood on various tissues of the finger. If the blood is removed, the patient becomes much better. But in the absence of detachment of the nail, blood can be removed from under it only by piercing the nail plate. By making a puncture yourself using improvised means without appropriate treatment of the instrument and the surface of the nail, you can very easily introduce an infection inside, and instead of blood, pus will begin to accumulate under the nail.

Inaction after a finger injury also poses a certain danger. Ignoring the pain and bruising under the nail, a person can simply ignore a more serious problem - a fracture of the distal phalanx bone or damage to its joint. Such injuries, in turn, can lead to impaired finger mobility.

There is one more important point. Under the guise of a hematoma, a more dangerous disease can be hidden - melanoma or skin cancer, the treatment of which must begin in the early stages of the development of the process. And the sooner the better, because melanoma has a tendency to grow rapidly and spread metastases.

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Diagnosis of subungual hematoma

Having dropped something heavy on our finger, crushed it with a door, or simply hit it hard, we are usually in no hurry to run to the doctor. In some cases this is even justified. For example, a small subungual hematoma resulting from trauma and covering less than 25% of the nail surface is unlikely to require specialist intervention. Such bruises go away on their own, moving upward as the nail grows.

In what cases should you consult a doctor for advice and first aid:

if the dark spot under the nail (regardless of its size) does not appear as a result of injury and is not accompanied by pain,
if severe pain after an injury does not go away after 24 hours,
if the hematoma is large, that is, its area is more than a quarter of the nail, which indicates a significant amount of blood accumulated under the nail plate,
if the injury is accompanied by severe pain (acute pain, intensifying with the slightest load on the finger and when walking, may indicate a bone fracture), sometimes in this case there is even a slight crunching sound when the bones touch.

Diagnosis of finger injury with the formation of a nail hematoma is carried out by a traumatologist, who, if necessary, refers the patient to other specialists, for example, a surgeon, dermatologist or dermato-oncologist.

The examination begins with a physical examination and history taking. The doctor will ask the patient if there has been an episode of finger injury in the recent past, what the nature of the injury was, and its symptoms. If there is no acute pain and the mobility of the finger is preserved, we are talking about a normal bruise with the appearance of a hematoma. Otherwise, there is suspicion of a fracture of the distal phalanx or an intra-articular fracture.

If a finger fracture is suspected, the patient is sent for an X-ray examination.

Differential diagnosis

The cause of a dark spot under the nail is not always an injury. Some people have these spots from birth. The thing is that moles (nevi) can be localized on the skin anywhere, including the nail bed. A subungual nevus has a certain resemblance to a hematoma resulting from a nail injury.

The danger of any moles is that under the influence of negative factors (for example, injury to a nevus), they can degenerate into a malignant neoplasm - melanoma. It turns out that trauma to the nail can cause pathological processes in the pigmented skin underneath, resulting in malignancy of cells, and they begin to divide uncontrollably, causing tumor growth and the spread of the process inside the body.

This is a very dangerous situation that requires consultation with an oncologist and surgical treatment. The incidence of subungual melanoma is about 3-4% of all cancers.

If melanoma of the nail is suspected, the patient is referred for dermatoscopy - an examination that allows one to examine the condition of the tissues under the nail. To confirm the diagnosis of skin cancer, a tissue biopsy in the affected area is additionally prescribed. Histological examination of the material taken during biopsy is considered the most accurate analysis, on the basis of which the final diagnosis is made.

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Treatment of subungual hematoma

If there was a minor injury to the nail, as a result of which a slight hemorrhage occurred under it, treatment will consist only of reducing the intensity of the pain syndrome. You can use ice cubes or packaged frozen foods for this purpose. Cold is applied to the site of the injury, thereby relieving pain and swelling. It is advisable to apply ice every half hour for 3-5 minutes until the pain subsides.

If the pain is severe enough, you can take painkillers: analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are in your home medicine cabinet. This can be “Analgin”, “Tempalgin”, “Ibuprofen”, “Nimid”, and for severe pain “Ketorolac” or “Ketanov”.

Additionally, as an absolutely safe pain reliever and anti-inflammatory agent, you can take a decoction prepared from the herb and flowers of St. John's wort. It is recommended to drink the medicinal composition several times a day, little by little, at intervals of 3 hours. You should not expect quick results from a natural medicine, but after a couple of days you can observe a noticeable decrease in pain.

As an option, they suggest applying a fresh leaf or pulp of white cabbage to the sore finger. It must be said that the effectiveness of this recipe remains in doubt. Although an uncomplicated subungual hematoma is an excellent reason to have it checked.

The same can be said about softening the nail plate in order to remove dried blood using a hot solution of potassium permanganate, which should have a rich cherry color. It is assumed that the desired effect can be achieved by immersing the injured finger in hot (as hot as can be tolerated without getting burned) water for a quarter of an hour.

Usually first aid is enough for the pain and inflammation to subside. If the unpleasant sensations do not go away within 24 hours, pressure and discomfort arise in the nail area, indicating severe bruising, you should definitely consult a specialist for help. The help of a specialist may also be needed if the nail plate is detached from the skin as a result of an injury or there is a break in it. The doctor will examine the wound and prescribe appropriate treatment.

If an accumulation of blood is observed under an intact nail plate, the doctor will perform a drainage operation to remove it. The essence of the operation is to pierce the nail and extract accumulated blood from under it, which brings noticeable relief to patients and prevents peeling of the nail.

Puncture of a subungual hematoma is not a painful procedure, because the nail plate itself does not have nerve endings, and removing blood does not require violating the integrity of the soft tissues. Nevertheless, some people psychologically prepare themselves for pain, begin to worry, and make sudden movements. To avoid this, your doctor may suggest local anesthesia with lidocaine. In other cases, the puncture site is irrigated with an anesthetic solution.

After pre-treatment of the nail plate with an antiseptic, drainage begins. The procedure for extracting blood from under the nail can be done in two ways:

the puncture is made using a fairly thick medical needle, screwing it into the nail plate as in the case of a drill,
the nail plate at the site of the hematoma is burned with a special device - a thermal cautery.

Through the resulting hole, blood begins to leak out. To speed up this process a little, lightly press on the nail plate. Next, a napkin soaked in an antiseptic is applied to the finger, which is fixed with a bandage. Since blood can ooze from the hole in the nail for a day or more, the bandage should be changed periodically (at least once a day).

A prerequisite for the success of this procedure is sterility, because infection at the puncture site will provoke the development of a purulent process under the nail plate, the treatment of which may require its removal. It is customary to use a solution of hydrogen peroxide as an antiseptic. If it is not available, you can use other excellent antiseptics: an alcohol solution of iodine, an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate or furatsilin. The use of the drug “Chlorhexidine” with a pronounced antibacterial effect is indicative. It is customary to treat not only wounds, but also hands and surgical instruments before and after surgery.

On the Internet you can find a description of draining a nail at home using a paper clip, which needs to be heated over a fire, and then pierced with it to draw blood out. It is recommended to lubricate the surface of the nail with iodine before the procedure, and after removing the drainage and blood - with hydrogen peroxide and applying a bandage soaked in the same solution.

In theory, if the operation is carried out under conditions of good disinfection of the paper clip and nail, infection should not occur. However, such self-medication often has disastrous results. Patients have to see a doctor already about suppuration of the nail.

In the case of very large hematomas covering most of the nail, as well as when spontaneous detachment of the nail plate is observed, doctors often resort to surgical treatment - removal of the nail followed by treatment of the tissues underneath it.

Treatment means removing accumulated blood, treating the cavity with an antiseptic and applying an aseptic dressing to prevent infection from entering the open wound.

In some cases, not the entire nail is subject to excision, but only the deformed exfoliated part of it, which can subsequently be subject to repeated injury.

Surgical removal of the nail may also be necessary if a purulent-inflammatory process has begun under the nail plate. In this case, the wound is washed, treated with an antiseptic, and then one of the effective antibacterial ointments (tetracycline, syntomycin, erythromycin, etc.) is applied on top. An aseptic bandage must be applied on top. The wound must be treated and bandaged daily.

In case of severe injuries, if the nail peeled off on its own and had to be removed, doctors can apply sutures using self-absorbing materials at the site of tissue damage. A repeat appointment with inspection of the sutures can be scheduled 3-4 days after the injury.

At the request of the doctor at home, the seams will have to be washed with soap and water and antibiotic ointments applied to them; after all, any wound is the path of least resistance for the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms that cause purulent-inflammatory processes.

Prevention

You can avoid the appearance of a subungual hematoma due to regular squeezing of your toes by selecting shoes that are suitable in size and shape. When training and playing football, it is recommended to use special sports shoes with a sufficient degree of toe protection from impact. Construction workers should also have special shoes, because they usually have a higher risk of foot injuries.

When lifting excessively heavy loads, do not forget about the danger of dropping them on your foot. You need to learn to correctly calculate your strength.

Let’s not forget about our fingers, which, due to our inattention and carelessness, so often end up in the sharply narrowing opening of the door. Young children who do not yet understand the danger of a doorway are especially often affected. Children's injuries are often caused by their parents, who close the door in an apartment or car, not paying attention to the location of the hands of children nearby. Again, attention and caution will help prevent such injuries.

If the injury could not be avoided, urgent application of ice to the site of injury will help reduce the severity of its symptoms and, possibly, avoid the appearance of a subungual hematoma. This five-minute treatment is recommended to be carried out every half hour, observing the sensations and changes in the damaged limb. In any case, the lack of relief of symptoms within 24 hours is a good reason to visit a medical facility.

The prognosis worsens if the injury damaged bones and soft tissues or a purulent process developed at the site of the hematoma. In this case, the growing nail may have an irregular shape and various defects. An untreated fracture can negatively impact the functionality of the finger. Pain and bone displacement can impair mobility and also change the shape of the damaged phalanx or joint.

An ambivalent prognosis can also be given for melanoma masquerading as a hematoma. If the malignant process was detected on time in the early stages, the chances of forgetting about the disease for a long time are about 70-100%, depending on the size of the tumor. Detection of skin cancer in late stages reduces the survival rate after treatment to 30-50%.

But let's return to our hematoma resulting from injury. If its cause is precisely traumatic damage to the nail and tissues underneath it, prevention of household and work-related injuries can be considered the prevention of this condition. First of all, it is caution and accuracy.

A bruise under the nail is a blood clot that forms after a bruise. Blood from damaged vessels begins to accumulate under the nail plate. After the blow, the person feels pain in the injured finger. The bruise under the nail quickly increases in size.

If you accidentally hit your foot on furniture, the capillaries on your toes burst. Blood from damaged vessels instantly collects in the tissues under the nail plate.
A bruise under the nail may appear after accidentally pinching a limb.
Football and basketball players are at risk of getting this injury.
The reason for the formation of a bruise under the big toe nail can be the use of shoes that are too narrow.
A heavy object falling on your leg.
Hemorrhage may be a consequence of increased vascular fragility.
Dislocations and fractures of the limbs are often accompanied by the formation of hematomas under the nails.
Blackening of the plate may be due to a fungal infection.

Symptoms

The formation of a hematoma is accompanied by the following symptoms:

damaged tissues swell;
in the area of the injured nail, the skin quickly turns red;
any attempt to change the position of the bruised finger leads to severe pain;
the patient feels pulsation in the sore finger.

Symptoms persist for 2-3 days. After this, the nail plate begins to darken. With strong impacts, not only blood vessels are damaged. The nail itself cannot withstand mechanical stress. As a result of injury, it peels off.

How does a hematoma form?

There are several stages in the formation of bruises:

Immediately after a bruise, blood from damaged capillaries flows under the nail plate. The victim sees a small red spot. Gradually, the damaged area begins to darken. The patient complains of severe pain and numbness of the finger. The area of the blood stain under the nail increases. It takes on a purple hue.
Subsequently, the hematoma becomes dark blue.
During the restoration process, the stain decreases. The victim feels virtually no pain.
After about 3-4 weeks, the bruise under the nail will completely resolve.
The length of the recovery period depends on the degree of damage and the characteristics of the person.

What should you do first?

Apply a cold object to the bruised nail. This will reduce pain and help stop the development of the hematoma. After a strong blow, the nail can easily peel off. The injured area under the nail plate should be immediately lubricated with an antibacterial agent. Be sure to apply a bandage to prevent infection. In case of severe damage, you cannot do without the help of a qualified specialist.

Treatment methods

After the blow, the patient feels severe pain, since there are quite a lot of nerve endings in this place. To reduce pain, the victim is prescribed painkillers (Analgin, Ketorolac). If the nail plate peels off, it is necessary to wash the wound. After disinfection, you can apply an ointment with a wound-healing effect (Troxevasin, Venoruton) to the damaged area. Important! The damaged nail must be secured to avoid accidental snagging. To do this, you can use a sterile bandage or patch.

In what cases is medical help needed?

The formation of a large hematoma that occupies the entire area of the nail is a reason to contact a specialist. To treat such patients, doctors resort to emergency treatment. To remove accumulated blood, the specialist performs drainage. With a special instrument, he pierces the nail plate in the center of the hemorrhage. After this, a sterile bandage is applied to the sore finger. In particularly difficult cases, it is necessary to remove the nail plate. The procedure ends with suturing. Intense pain may indicate a broken finger.

What is the danger of a hematoma under the nail?

The risk of nail detachment after receiving a strong blow is quite high. The damaged area is not protected from various microbes. Fungal infections are especially difficult to treat. Sometimes the new nail that grows after peeling becomes deformed. Even the most professional pedicurist cannot hide such a defect. When a hematoma appears, it is necessary to immediately begin to prevent mycosis.

How to avoid hematoma formation

When choosing winter shoes, keep in mind that you will be wearing them with insulated socks. Don't buy boots (or any other shoes) that make you feel uncomfortable.
People often get a bruised toe by hitting their foot on the corner of a piece of furniture. You need to be careful when moving around the house.
Don't skimp on sports shoes. This is especially true for people who play professional football or basketball.
Don't forget to trim your nails regularly. When wearing tight shoes, you can damage the nail plate.
Poor nutrition can cause poor nail condition. They begin to crumble and can be damaged even from a slight mechanical impact.

Traditional methods

There are several effective methods that can help with damage to the nail plate:

Fresh wormwood leaves need to be crushed until the juice appears. Apply the mixture to the bruise and secure it with an elastic bandage. After drying, change the compress.
St. John's wort decoction can be used not only as compresses. To speed up the healing process, you need to take 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day.
Thanks to plantain, you can stop the inflammatory process in the wound under the nail. The leaves of the plant must first be crushed and applied to the sore finger. Plantain helps relieve swelling and reduce pain.
To prepare the infusion 4 tbsp. Pour 2 cups of boiling water over spoons of chopped lemon balm herb. The decoction will be ready within 30 minutes. Soak a piece of cloth in the infusion and apply it to the sore finger. The compress should be applied 3-4 times a day.

Bruise under the big toe nail. VIDEO

Bruises are the result of internal hemorrhageand saturation of surrounding tissues. When struck, small subcutaneous vessels rupture, which leads to local bleeding. Damage to blood vessels deep in the tissue is called a hematoma; it is accompanied by greater aching pain compared to a mild bruise and has a larger volume.

Causes of bruises under the nail plates

There are many reasons why bruises appear under the nails. The main ones are listed below.

A hematoma can form on any part of the body that is exposed to an external blow. No one is immune from such a phenomenon as a bruise on the nail. It is possible to injure your nails by closing a door, hammering nails, dropping a tool on the floor, or moving furniture. You can get injured both at home and at the workplace when dealing with heavy objects, tools, and machines. A subungual hematoma causes severe physical pain, but at the same time spoils the appearance of the nails. When struck, not only can a hematoma form under the nail, but the nail plate itself can burst, causing the nail to become deformed.
Bruises under the nails sometimes also appear with a severe bruise, dislocation, fracture of the hand, or injury to the foot. In these cases, bruising may extend over a large radius, including the nails of the extremities.
The appearance of subungual hematomas is sometimes provoked by wearing tight and uncomfortable shoes.
The appearance of a bruise sometimes also indicates weak walls of blood vessels, which can rupture in any part of the body, forming painful hematomas, including under the nail.
The cause of hematomas under the nails is angiopathy, which appears in diabetes mellitus and leads to weakness of the vessel wall.
Bruises under the fingernails or toenails may also appear after taking medications that directly affect blood clotting.
Bruising under the nails is the result of professional artistic activity; ballerinas and dancers often encounter this phenomenon.

Most often the bruise occurs on the big toe. It also suffers when wearing tight shoes. A hematoma on the nail of the big toe causes discomfort when moving and does not allow you to put on shoes without pain.

What does a bruise under a nail look like?

At the moment of impact, blood leaking from damaged vessels collects under the nail. Since it cannot flow out due to the high density of the nail plate, it remains under it. The blood coagulates, changing its color over time until it completely resolves.

In the first minutes after a nail injury, it turns red, after a few hours it turns blue, and after the blood clots, it turns completely black.

The returning blood clot takes a very long time to dissolve, the old nail plate slides off and is replaced by a new one. Often, in order to remove it from under the nail plate, you need to wait until the damaged nail has grown completely, gradually trimming and cleaning it.

An accumulated blood clot under the nail plate is not a favorable environment, especially if the nail burst during the bruise. If no measures are taken, infections may develop under the plate, leading to tissue destruction and rotting.

The hands and feet, as well as nails, may become covered with black spots due to fungus or cutaneous melanoma. They are very similar to nail hematomas, but in comparison with them they do not disappear as the nails grow, but continue to destroy and deform it.

Methods for treating bruises under the nails

How to treat a hematoma on the big toe? If a limb is damaged and the radius of the bruise includes the nail plate, then the entire hematoma should be treated, not the nail individually.

Immediately after injury, cold is applied to the injury site through a towel or cloth. The duration of the procedure is about twenty minutes, after which a break is required. This procedure will reduce pain and the size of the hemorrhage. The doctor prescribes painkillers. Pain-relieving gels can be used locally; during the resorption stage, after a few days, heparin ointment can be used. In some cases, traditional methods can be used as a supplement to the main treatment after consulting a doctor.

Traditional methods of treatment

Treatment with traditional recipes allows you to speed up the process of bruise resorption at home. You can use the following methods:

the greatest effect in the treatment of subungual hematomas on the legs was noticed by traditional healers when using compresses with onion pulp;
plantain has a cooling effect; compresses with cut leaves of this plant can relieve swelling around the nail and reduce inflammation;
Fresh wormwood has an analgesic effect on subungual bruises; its juice, absorbed into the nail, penetrates deep into the tissue and inhibits the inflammatory process;
St. John's wort tincture (1 tbsp flowers + 1 tbsp boiled water) helps fight subungual bruises from the inside. It is taken three times a day until the pain subsides;
baths with sea salt and essential oils help relieve inflammation and growth of the nail plate, which allows you to speed up the process of cutting off a deformed nail with blood clotted underneath it;
lotions with a strong solution of potassium permanganate make it possible to relieve pain.

Drug therapy

If bruises form under your toenails, you can seek help from a medical facility. Doctor's help will be appropriate only until the blood under the nail has clotted.

A bruise that forms under the big toe nail is removed by opening the nail plate to extract uncongealed blood. To do this, perforate the nail using a medical drill or surgically remove the entire nail plate. A medical needle or wire heated over a burner flame is also suitable. The hot metal easily melts the tissue without causing pain, and the blood comes out from under the plate. A sterile bandage is applied to the site of the perforation; over time, the nail slips off. These procedures allow you to accelerate the growth of healthy, smooth nails. Additionally, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed as long as there is a need.

Preventing bruises under the nails

Preventative measures will help prevent the appearance of bruises on the nails, in particular the big toes. These include:

a balanced diet containing foods rich in vitamin C (it helps strengthen the walls of blood vessels);
wearing comfortable shoes of your size;
extreme caution when lifting heavy objects;
compliance with safety regulations in the workplace;
refusal to wear high-heeled shoes;
It is mandatory to visit a doctor if bruises appear in any part of the body, because this may be a symptom of a disease of the circulatory system.

Attentiveness in everyday life and a responsible attitude towards your well-being will protect you from such troubles as bruises under your nails.

1 Why does a bruise appear under the nails?

The formation of hematomas is a normal physiological process. When struck, the blood vessels are damaged and blood is released from them. It remains under the nail plate, as it cannot flow beyond it due to the high strength of the nail. Over time, the blood clot may turn black and the finger may become slightly swollen. Then the hematoma changes color, the plate separates from the bed, and the nail becomes slightly convex.

A bruise that appears on the big toe nail can cause negative complications. Firstly, infections can penetrate into the space that forms between the plate and the nail bed. Secondly, the nail remains very fragile until it is completely renewed. If pressure occurs as it grows, it may become deformed.

A characteristic symptom of the formation of a hematoma is severe throbbing pain, which subsides over time. If the injury is severe enough, it may be permanent. When the plate fuses, the patient may feel discomfort, and pain appears only as a result of pressure.

2 Causes of hematoma formation

The main factors that provoke the appearance of bruises on the fingers:

Mechanical shock - occurs as a result of a heavy object falling on the leg or a finger being pinched. This type of damage occurs most often. In addition, bruising may occur with fractures.
Uncomfortable shoes. If constant pressure occurs, a hematoma appears. Discomfort occurs when a person puts on boots. People who engage in winter sports often suffer from bruises - due to the special structure of the shoes, the fingers experience constant pressure.
Use of medications that affect blood clotting. Bruises rarely form for this reason. To solve the problem, you should consult your doctor.
Cardiovascular failure. With this disease, all organs, including the skin, suffer from a lack of oxygen. As a result, the body weakens and is unable to resist diseases. Typically, with this pathology, all fingernails and toenails turn black.
Serious diseases - diabetes, melanoma, oncology. Only a qualified specialist can determine the exact cause.
Fungal infection - if the nail is infected with a fungus, its peeling is accompanied by itching and other symptoms.

The doctors are shocked! The BUNE will disappear in a couple of nights! The surgeons were numb with surprise...

If the hematoma is not a consequence of external influences or wearing uncomfortable shoes, you should definitely go to the doctor.

Only a specialist can conduct the necessary research and detect the disease at the first stage of its development.

3 How to treat a hematoma

You can treat a bruise under the big toe nail yourself or under the guidance of a doctor. First of all, the damaged area must be placed under cold water to stop the bleeding, reduce the amount of blood under the plate and the risk of subsequent detachment. Alternatively, you can use ice cubes. Regular iodine is suitable for disinfection. This first aid is suitable for all hematomas under the nails. Further therapy is selected depending on the characteristics of the injury.

Treatment with traditional methods

Drug therapy will help remove the bruise that has formed under the nails. There are several options:

Drainage - the site of the bruise is punctured so that the blood comes out. Then apply a bandage - it will prevent the spread of infection. Thanks to the elimination of blood, a bruise does not appear.
Surgical intervention - the nail is completely removed, as a result of which the plate begins to grow again and takes on the correct shape.

Blood can only be removed if little time has passed since it was released. Later, you can get rid of the clot only by removing the nail plate. In some cases, you can do without a doctor and complex treatment. The nail will begin to grow and it will be enough to cut it off. But this is a long process that can take a long time - from three to six months.

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Unconventional methods of treatment

The following methods are suitable for self-treatment of hematomas:

compress - after a blow, you need to apply ice to the injury site or immerse your finger in cold water;
means for active nail growth - all kinds of baths with essential oils, sea salt and other useful elements.
potassium permanganate solution - lower your finger and steam it for twenty minutes;
compresses from bitter wormwood - grind the herb to a paste and apply to the injured area;
plantain leaves – relieve inflammation;
onion – chop and apply to the problem area, wear for several hours.

It is impossible to completely remove a bruise using these methods, but folk recipes will help reduce inflammation and accelerate the growth of the nail plate. Hematoma is a serious problem, so it is better to see a doctor so that your nails do not remain deformed. It is recommended to use any medications and folk remedies only after a visit to the doctor.

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4 Prevention

Basic preventive measures are aimed at preventing possible injuries. To do this, you need to follow safety rules at work.

At home, you should be careful when performing any activities.

Injury to the nails due to tight shoes can be avoided if you choose such products wisely. It is better to buy comfortable shoes or boots than to chase fashion.

It is very important to maintain good hygiene and ensure you have a balanced diet.

A bruise under the big toe nail is a consequence of internal hemorrhage with blood soaking into nearby tissue structures. Subungual hematoma occurs due to impact, which ruptures small subcutaneous vessels. In the area of damaged vessels on the nail of the big toe, a hematoma formation causes pain to a person, bruises under the nails can reach large volumes.

Why do they arise?

A hematoma under the nail plate can form due to numerous reasons.

Some of the few causes of bruising on the nails are:

On the human body, subcutaneous hemorrhage can occur in any area that has been subjected to external shock. It is impossible to insure against a bruise under a fingernail or toenail. You can get injured in any way: when closing doors, hammering nails, falling tools, dragging heavy objects. A bruise under a toenail due to an injury is very painful, and such a nail is unpleasant to look at. Due to injury and the formation of a hematoma under the nail of the big toe, the nail may become deformed.
A bruise on the nail appears when a person is seriously hurt or has a dislocated limb. With this option, hematomas spread to large areas of the body and can even form under the toenails.
Hemorrhage on the big toe can occur due to wearing shoes that are not the right size.
Hemorrhages of the big toes appear due to weakened vascular walls. Such hemorrhages also occur in any area of the body and cause pain.
Angiopathy due to diabetes mellitus causes bruising of the subungual area.
If a person practices ballet or dancing for a long time, this will also cause hematomas of the subungual area.
Sometimes bruises under the nail area are formed due to taking medications that increase blood clotting.
Heart and vascular failure, oncological processes, mycoses and other pathologies also provoke the appearance of bruises in the subungual area.

How does a hematoma appear under the nail?

Why did the bruise appear under the nail plate? When an impact occurs, blood accumulates under the nail plate from damaged vascular tissues. This blood does not flow beyond the nail area because it is too dense, so the blood is trapped under the nail. Blood clotting occurs, after a certain period its color changes until it is completely absorbed.

A few minutes after a person is injured, the nail area becomes red, after a certain period it turns blue. When the blood has clotted, the nail plate will turn black.

The process of resorption of the blood clot is long, the nail slips and is replaced by a new nail plate. Accumulated hemorrhage under a burst nail, if the injury is not treated, is the cause of the addition of an infectious process, which will lead to the destruction of tissue structures.

The soles of the feet and hands with nail plates become covered with black spotted formations due to mycoses and skin melanoma. They are similar to hemorrhages, but as the nails grow, they do not disappear, but destroy the nail plate.

About treatment

How to treat hemorrhages on the nail plate of the thumb? If the leg is damaged and the hematoma covers the entire nail area, the entire hematoma is treated, and not just the damaged nail. At the moment when the finger was injured, cold is applied to it through the tissue surface.

The duration of such exposure should not exceed 20 minutes, then a pause is necessary. This manipulation will reduce pain and the area of the hematoma.

The doctor prescribes medications to relieve pain.

You can apply gels locally to relieve pain. After a few days, an ointment containing a heparin component is used. Non-traditional methods of treatment can also complement basic treatment measures, which should be used after consulting with a doctor.

About traditional methods of treating bruises

How to remove a bruise? The following methods will help you do this:

Using a compress with finely grated onion in the form of a paste will help cure a bruise.
A plantain compress will cool the injured area. Finely chopped leaves will relieve swelling and inflammatory processes.
St. John's wort tincture is used. The proportion of its preparation is as follows: one tablespoon of flowers to the same volume of boiled water. Take 3 times a day until pain disappears.
If you use baths that contain essential oils and sea salt, then blood clots under the nail will resolve faster.

When the nail is opened

If an extensive bruise of the subungual area has formed, you can get help at a medical facility. Such help is appropriate only until blood clotting occurs under the nail. The nail plate is perforated with a special drill or surgically removed.

For this purpose, a medical needle or wire heated by a burner is also used. A hot needle melts tissue structures without pain or blood loss from under the nail. The operated finger is bandaged with a sterile bandage; after a certain period, the nail plate will slide off.

Thanks to this manipulation, a healthy nail will grow faster. If necessary, use agents that destroy bacteria and relieve inflammation.

About prevention

It is better to prevent hemorrhages from appearing under the nail plates, and the following measures can help prevent these hemorrhages:

You need to eat a balanced diet rich in ascorbic acid. Vitamin C will strengthen vascular tissues.
Shoes should be worn in the correct size so that your toes are not pinched.
Strong overloads on the legs are unacceptable.
Be sure to follow safety precautions at work.
Be careful when lifting heavy objects.
High heels are not allowed.
If hemorrhages appear in any area of the body, you should consult a doctor.

Preventive measures will always help prevent bruises. But if an injury occurs and a bruise forms on the nail area of the thumb, or simply a person’s body is covered with bruises for no apparent reason, then it is better to consult a specialist and receive appropriate treatment.

Dark or blue spots under the nail periodically occur in most modern people, regardless of the level of physical activity. There are many reasons for this phenomenon. However, most often there is a logical explanation for this - a hematoma under the nail. Sometimes quite serious diseases manifest themselves in this way. Therefore, it is important to promptly find out the cause of blueness and eliminate the problem.

Features of treatment

The presence of a hematoma under the nail, as a rule, does not require special treatment. This is due to the fact that currently no specialized therapeutic techniques have been developed. After all, even severe discomfort that interferes with normal functioning disappears after a few days.

If the pain is extremely noticeable and a lot of blood has accumulated, then the nail plate at the site of the hematoma is pierced. This can be done even at home. An ordinary thin paperclip is heated red-hot over a burner. Then the nail is treated with iodine. After this, the hot end of a paper clip is applied to it. Then you need to apply a cotton pad, which is pre-moistened in hydrogen peroxide. But the likelihood of infection directly under the nail is high. In addition, the procedure is extremely painful. It can cause nail deformation.

The easiest way is to prevent a hematoma. To do this, immediately after the blow you need to apply ice to the injured finger. This universal remedy will help if you apply it every half hour for about five minutes. This will avoid swelling and sometimes bruising.

A hematoma under the nail is the formation of a blood clot that appears as a result of severe bruising of the nail plate.

The force of the blow will determine whether there is a possibility of rupture of the blood vessels under the nail. A hematoma is manifested by acute pain and blue discoloration of the damaged area. Sometimes the finger under the nail may turn black and become slightly swollen.

A hematoma under the toenail can most often form for the following reasons:

kicking while walking;
falling of various heavy objects onto the toes;
walking in tight, uncomfortable shoes.

Hematoma on the toenail

Most often, hematomas can appear when a person wears tight, uncomfortable shoes. It puts pressure on the foot and the pressure causes small hematomas to form, which cause discomfort and pain. Hematomas appear much more often on the hands. They usually form when a hand is bruised or a finger gets caught in a door. How quickly a bruise goes away depends on its size and the force of the blow. If the impact force was small, the bruise may disappear within 2-3 days.

If the bruise appears on its own and does not go away for a long time, then you should go to a specialist to identify the causes of the disease.

Why do bruises appear?

Before starting treatment for an injury, you need to make sure that the patient has a hematoma. After all, darkening under the nail can also form for other reasons:

Physiological effects. Typically, blue marks appear after a finger gets caught in a door or when it hits a heavy object. With a strong blow, blood vessels can burst, which leads to hemorrhage under the skin. As a result, a hematoma appears. If the blueness is very large, then you need to urgently go to the doctor.
Wearing uncomfortable shoes. If you wear uncomfortable shoes. It turns out that there is a lot of pressure on the foot and toes, which leads to severe blueness of the feet. Before purchasing new shoes, you need to make sure that they really suit you.
Medicines. Some drugs affect blood clotting. Therefore, minor bruises may appear.
Heart failure. Due to a lack of oxygen in the blood, the shade of the nail plate may change.
Onychomycosis. , in which peeling of the nail occurs, severe pain, itching, compaction.

Trauma is the cause of hematomas

If a severe hematoma appears, the doctor will prescribe certain treatment. But you can identify the causes of injury and determine treatment yourself at home. A hematoma is a stoppage of blood in the vessels. It stagnates and clots form at the site of the injury. Since the nail plate is very strong, hemorrhage occurs under it. The blood does not flow out, but accumulates under the skin. Therefore, the hematoma may turn dark blue or black. The injury site may swell slightly. Most often, a hematoma under the thumbnail appears within a couple of hours. If the bruise appears due to a bruise or uncomfortable shoes, and it is not the cause of any illness. The hematoma will disappear within a week.

The speed of disappearance depends on how quickly the blueness under the nail goes away. After all, the blue discoloration may disappear on its own, but the blood clot itself may need to be removed from under the nail plate by a specialist.

Hematoma diagram

Hematoma under the nail treatment

If the hematoma under your big toenail is slightly swollen after the blow, place a cold object on the area where the pain is located. The cold will reduce the pain shock and prevent clots from forming. In addition, if the pain is very severe, then it is best to take a painkiller. It will help relieve discomfort and reduce pain.

If during an impact the nail plate cracks or breaks off, then the wound must be treated with an antiseptic. The wound can also be treated with alcohol or hydrogen peroxide.

After the wound is treated, you need to determine the location of the pain. If it covers most of the nail, then it is best to go to the doctor. Since this may indicate a fracture or crack in the bone. Medical attention may be required.

Puncture to remove blood

If ordinary bruises appear, therapy is not needed. The blue marks will disappear after a week. To make the blueness go away faster you need to:

Remove the blood clot under the nail. Usually the localization site is pierced with a small (only disinfected) needle, and the blood comes out through the hole. After all the clot has come out, the wound is bandaged with a damp bandage. This treatment method is not recommended for use at home. It is best if the entire procedure is performed by a doctor. To avoid wound infection. In addition, the fastest way to get rid of a hematoma is surgery. The old plate is removed so that after the bruise disappears, a new one, even and strong, will grow.
After the pain becomes less noticeable and the bruise turns black, you can apply a manganese solution. The injured finger should be immersed in a manganese solution for 10-15 minutes. This procedure will help soften the nail plate and dissolve thickened blood.
Take Routine. The drug helps strengthen blood vessels. In order for the medicine to be better absorbed, it is recommended to take it in combination with vitamin C. All medicines can be purchased at pharmacies without a prescription. Before taking the drug, you should consult your doctor to avoid deterioration in health.
Ketorolac, Analgin or Ibuprofen to relieve pain. Medicines will help eliminate pain from the first moment of injury. The medicine will help you wear shoes without pain and discomfort.
Hyparin ointment. The ointment has an antithrombotic effect. For the best effect, you need to apply it three times a day to the injured nail plate. The ointment is used until the nail becomes pale pink.
If a slight swelling is visible on the plate and sharp pain is felt on the phalanx of the finger, then a compress of dimexide and novocaine (1:3) can be applied to the lesion. Moisten gauze generously with the solution and apply to the affected area for 20-30 minutes. In order for the compress to stick, it must be secured with a bandage.

Indovazin gel relieves pain and treats hematoma

What to do if treatment does not work? If there is a large hematoma, it remains under the nail after a week. And after the clots are removed, the bruise remains the same. Then you need to go to the hospital urgently. The doctor will determine the cause of the lesion and prescribe treatment if necessary. Perhaps it is not the hematoma itself that should be treated, but the problems in the body that caused such actions. Sometimes the appearance of blueness is the consequence of serious illnesses.

Conclusion

Thus, a hematoma under the nail can form for various reasons. Most often this is due to a bruise or a strong blow from a heavy object. But sometimes there may be other reasons that can only be identified by a specialist. Regular bruises do not require treatment and disappear on their own within a few days. Large hematomas take a little longer to heal. If the bruise was severe, then you may need certain therapy, which is prescribed only by a doctor.

Hematoma is a limited accumulation of blood, hemorrhage that forms when exposed to a traumatic factor.

A hematoma on the leg is formed by a fall, twisted legs, bruises, or blows caused by a blunt heavy object.

Depending on the cause of the injury and the type of hematoma, treatment is carried out. Timely treatment allows you to avoid complications.

In this article you will learn how to treat a hematoma on the leg after a bruise.

Symptoms and classification

Based on location, hematomas of the thigh, leg, foot, hemarthrosis of the knee and ankle joints are distinguished. Based on the depth of location, hematomas are divided into:

Subcutaneous;
Soft tissues;
Intra-articular – hemarthrosis.

Subcutaneous hematoma on the leg it looks like an ordinary bruise. Usually occurs after a bruise.

First, there is pain, swelling, redness (hyperemia) of the bruised area, then “cyanosis” of the bruised area.

After a few days, the swelling of the soft tissues decreases, the “bruise” acquires a greenish tint (people say “blooms”).

Soft tissue hematoma can be formed when particles of muscle fibers rupture. With minor damage, blood soaks into the soft tissue. When palpating (feeling) the damaged area, soft tissue compaction will be observed.

When a significant area of muscle tissue ruptures, the ends of the torn muscle contract and a muscle defect is formed, which upon palpation feels like emptiness. Blood from ruptured vessels rushes into the resulting defect. A hematoma forms. It is limited in nature. On palpation, fluid movement (fluctuation) is felt.

With intra-articular hematoma(hemarthrosis of the joint) hemorrhage occurs in the joint cavity. The joint looks swollen, its contours are smoothed out. The joint becomes hot to the touch.

When palpating the joint, a “floater symptom” is determined - when you press on the patella (the bone located above the kneecap), it goes down, when you release your hand, it “floats up”.

First aid for injury

Seeking medical help is mandatory. It is necessary in order to exclude a more serious pathology, for example, a fracture of the bones of the lower limb.

First aid should be provided as early as possible, even before the doctor arrives. It is necessary to create rest for the injured limb. To do this, you need to lay the victim on a flat, hard surface.

The affected limb must be placed in an elevated position(put a cushion, pillow or any other available device under it).

Then apply an ice pack to the site of the injury.

An ordinary plastic bottle of water, left in the refrigerator for some time, is suitable for this purpose.

Keep the cold for 15-30 minutes, then take a break for 1 hour, then you can apply the cold again. Cold for hematomas can be applied for 3 days after the injury.

Treatment of hematoma on the leg after a bruise

For treatment, you can use traditional medicine and folk methods. Combine general and local treatment.

General treatment includes painkillers and vitamin therapy.. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is especially indicated for strengthening the vascular wall and reducing capillary fragility.

Local treatment: rest the affected limb, apply cold to the hematoma site during the first 3 days after injury, fixing bandages.

Then, if necessary, warm compresses, iodine mesh, physiotherapeutic treatment methods, and ointments are added.

Fixing bandages are used when walking to relieve the damaged area as much as possible. For this purpose, elastic bandages are used.

Compresses with dimexide have a good effect, they reduce swelling, pain, and promote the resorption of the hematoma.

Dimexide must be used diluted with water in a ratio of 1:3. If it is well tolerated (no redness or burning at the site of contact with the skin), dimexide can be used in a 1:2 dilution.

If the hematoma does not go away, consult a doctor to adjust the treatment regimen.

Physiotherapeutic treatment:

Ultrasound;
Electrophoresis;
Magnetotherapy.

If conservative therapy is ineffective, surgical treatment methods are used.

Ointments for bruises and hematomas on the leg

How to treat a severe leg bruise with hematoma? Ointments containing heparin are used: thrombleless, lyoton gel, heparin ointment. They promote the resorption of hematomas.

It is advisable to use ointments that strengthen the walls of blood vessels and improve blood circulation.: troxevasin, troxerutin.

Ointments have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and decongestant effects for bruises: fastum-gel, ketonal, diclofenac, nimesil, voltaren emulgel, nurofen gel.

Dikul and “Rescuer” balms are created on the basis of unique recipes, have a multi-component composition, and a wide range of therapeutic effects. These ointments are good for bruises and hematomas on the leg.

Traditional methods of treatment

You can apply a leaf of burdock, white cabbage, or plantain to the site of the hematoma. For this purpose, freshly collected large leaves are used.

Small cuts are first made on the leaf of the plant, applied to the site of the bruise, and then fixed with a bandage. After use, the sheet is thrown away; reuse is ineffective.

A compress with bodyaga gives a good effect. It is prepared diluted with water in a ratio of 1:2. When using such a compress, the bruise quickly resolves.

This product is also used for cosmetic purposes (to quickly resolve “bruises”).

Semi-alcohol compresses using lilac flowers are also used to treat hematomas.

Baths with saline solutions at room temperature reduce edema and swelling. They can be used several times a day for 15-30 minutes.

The use of “honey cakes” gives a good effect. Honey melted in a water bath is placed in the form of a cake on gauze or a cloth napkin and applied to the area of injury.

Now you know how to treat a hematoma on the leg, but if the injury is serious, surgical treatment is possible.

Surgical methods of treatment

If the hematoma is large, conservative treatment is ineffective; surgical methods of treatment are resorted to.

During puncture, the contents of the hematoma are removed by puncture with a puncture needle and “suction” with a syringe.

With intra-articular fluid accumulation in the knee joint (hemarthrosis), about 60 ml of blood can be removed in this way.

If hemarthrosis of the knee joint is caused by an intra-articular fracture of the bones that make up the knee joint, surgical treatment is carried out - suture of the patella, osteosynthesis (connection of bone fragments) using a metal structure.

After surgery or puncture of the joint, a plaster splint is applied to create immobility (immobilization of the joint). If necessary, a repeat puncture of the joint is performed after a few days.

For soft tissue hematomas, it is possible to remove them using a puncture, as well as by cutting and washing the wound to remove blood clots.

In case of significant damage to muscle tissue or tendons (for example, a complete rupture of the Achilles tendon along the back surface of the ankle joint), an operation (tendon suture) is performed to restore the anatomical integrity of the tendon or muscle. During the operation, the hematoma on the leg is removed.

If the cause of the formation is damage to large vessels, then during the operation the bleeding is stopped by applying special (ligature) sutures to the vessels.

After the operation is completed, a drain is inserted into the wound to ensure blood flow. This prevents blood from pooling again.

Hematoma without an external cause

Hematomas of the legs can form for no apparent reason - without injury or with a minor bruise. This is possible for various diseases of the blood and blood vessels.

In hemophilia, with minor bruises, joint hemarthrosis and soft tissue hematomas appear. This occurs due to a disruption in the blood clotting process.

Soft tissue hematomas can also form due to varicose veins and increased fragility of blood vessels due to various reasons (age-related changes, diabetes mellitus, vasculitis - inflammatory vascular diseases).

Treatment requires timely identification and treatment of the underlying disease.. Therefore, when a patient complains of a bruise for no apparent reason, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive examination and refer to the appropriate specialist.

Possible consequences of improper treatment

With incorrect treatment tactics, suppuration is possible. This happens if the hematoma is not opened in a timely manner. Blood coagulation occurs with the formation of clots, the addition of a secondary infection and suppuration.

There is an increase in temperature, redness of the skin over the area of injury, and bursting pain.

In this case, it is necessary to open the abscess, rinse and apply a bandage with an antiseptic. In the future, dressings and antibiotic therapy will be required.

If rest is not observed, for example, after a joint puncture, blood may re-accumulate in the joint(hemarthrosis). To treat it, it is necessary to re-puncture the joint.

A subungual hematoma is a blood clot and can appear as a result of various injuries or exposure to other similar factors. As a result, the nail will have an unsightly appearance and will also be very painful. Therefore, it is important to know about all the features of the symptoms, the causes of the disease, its treatment and, of course, preventive measures.

How does a subungual hematoma appear?

Bruises (hematomas) under the nails are formed due to the accumulation of blood under the nail plate. The main risk factors leading to the formation of subungual hematomas are:

wearing uncomfortable, tight shoes;
taking certain medications that affect blood clotting (rare);
various injuries, blows to the finger;
skin cancer;
strong squeezing of a finger (for example, it can occur when pinched by a door or many other objects);
increased fragility of blood vessels.

Symptoms of the disease

Hematoma under the nail

If a person suffers a nail injury, he will undoubtedly feel pain. The degree of pain depends on the force of the blow, pinching, etc. During an injury, a gradual accumulation of blood begins to occur in the subungual area. The patient will complain of throbbing pain and swelling. The most important sign of the development of the disease is a change in the color of the nail plate.

It may become reddish with a hint of blue. Typically, after some time of blackening, the damaged area darkens to a purple color with shades of dark blue. The edges of the subungual hematoma become clearly visible, the darkened lesion decreases in size. By this period, the pain disappears completely or can only be felt if you press on the bruise.

When about 7 days have passed since the injury occurred, the bruise under the nail becomes black and its diameter is 3-5 mm. Then the pain disappears, the edges of the affected area are still clearly visible. After about another seven days, the subungual hematoma should resolve and disappear completely.

In most cases, it still does not disappear, so it can be found on the nail plate. At the beginning of the disease, a hematoma was an accumulation of blood formed under a person’s nail. Over the entire period of development, this blood is well absorbed into the nail plate, as a result of which it changes its color.

Therefore, the subungual formation often remains on the plate. It can be recognized by a spot or dot painted black. The hematoma can be coated with dark-colored varnish or masked using other similar methods, because this is completely safe. The plate will grow, and the hematoma will begin to move towards the free edge, which will soon allow it to be cut down using a nail file from a manicure set.

In general, such a subungual formation formed on the big toe or hand does not pose a danger to human life. Of course, for several days after the injury, the affected area hurts, like all bruises, but it does not cause any harm to health.

It is very unpleasant that the signs of a hematoma may be similar to the symptoms of some other serious diseases. Therefore, if you notice a suspicious dark spot on your nails, consult a doctor to get examined, and it is also recommended to remember the last few days and make sure that you have not been injured anywhere.

It is worth noting that sometimes local darkening of the nails can cause a fungal infection in its final stages. The variety of spots is quite rich, but each of them is very similar to a hematoma, which can be at both the initial and complicated stages of development.

Since they do not form at the very beginning of the disease, a person has the opportunity to undergo all kinds of necessary examinations prescribed by the doctor. If you haven't been injured anywhere in the last few days, you may have nail fungus.

With a subungual hematoma obtained on the legs, for about seven days after the injury, the person is very worried about the severe pain of the bruises. This can be observed even though the finger itself was not touched. Usually the nail hurts if you put pressure on it.

In addition, the pain causes discomfort even without pressure. It manifests itself as throbbing pain. With a fungus, unlike a subungual hematoma, the pain can be expressed to the smallest extent. The main sign of a fungal infection is itching.

Symptoms of nail fungus

When you notice the presence of at least one of the symptoms listed below, immediately go to see a doctor so that he can prescribe an examination and proper treatment for the disease. So, signs of fungus:

itching of the skin around sore fingers, peeling;
presence of bad odor;
the formation of cracks between the fingers, which are very
painful;
bluish or yellowish color of the nail plate;
fragility of the nail, brittleness.

Signs of a subungual hematoma may indicate that a person has diseases of the cardiovascular system. In most cases, all nails instantly take on a bluish color. What is the reason for this phenomenon? This indicates incomplete saturation of the fingertips with oxygen, so they become a little bluish, and the nails, accordingly, blue.

Often, bluing may indicate recent use of dark-colored varnish without applying a special protective coating. The nail may not have been fully painted if you applied the varnish after polishing. Dark color will appear in areas where the most intensive cutting took place.

Treatment

It is necessary that the treatment of subungual hematoma be carried out by doctors. Let's consider the features of the treatment process. First, iodine is taken and the nail is treated. (Other disinfectants may also be used.) Then the nail is punctured using a hot needle in the area where the greatest amount of blood accumulation is observed. (This place is usually the most convex).

As a result, blood begins to be released. If not, you should gently press down on the edge of the nail. After removal of the subungual formation is completed, the patient is given a cool bandage. Instead of a bandage, you can also take, for example, ice and place it on a clean, dry napkin. Then the nail plate is treated with a disinfectant again, and the bandage is placed on the finger.

This method of therapy for subungual hematoma promotes the release of blood, which promotes rapid healing and makes the affected area less painful. Using this method, treatment does not cause pain, because there are very few nerve endings in the nail. It is worth noting that it can cause the development of inflammation and the addition of some infections. But if the specialists do everything correctly, you won’t have to worry about anything.

Remember, if the subungual hematoma was under the toenail, you need to do this procedure without wearing shoes or find a fairly loose and comfortable model.

Traditional methods of treatment

A bruise under the nail (that is, hematoma) can be cured using many effective folk remedies. Let's consider several treatment options.

You can use plantain, because it eliminates pain and relieves inflammation. A thin plantain leaf is applied to the affected area.
It is very easy to prepare a tincture of lemon balm for compresses. You need to take 4 tbsp. l. lemon balm herbs, pour 400 ml of boiling water. Leave for half an hour, then start applying compresses.
Subungual hematoma is treated with ordinary onions. Onion juice is combined with the resulting mushy mass and applied to the diseased nail.
St. John's wort can be used. A decoction is prepared from it and used internally. Recommended dose – 1 tbsp. l. three to four times a day. In addition, the decoction is often used as a means of applying compresses.

Take care of the condition of your nails! Try to avoid injuries, give preference to loose shoes, and eat foods enriched with vitamins and microelements. If you suspect you have a subungual hematoma, consult a doctor, let him examine you, advise the correct diagnosis and treatment!

Methods for eliminating hematoma under fingernails

Bruises are the result of internal hemorrhage and penetration of surrounding tissue. When struck, small subcutaneous vessels rupture, which leads to local bleeding. Damage to blood vessels deep in the tissue is called a hematoma; it is accompanied by greater aching pain compared to a mild bruise and has a larger volume.

Causes of bruises under the nail plates

There are many reasons why bruises appear under the nails. The main ones are listed below.

A hematoma can form on any part of the body that is exposed to an external blow. No one is immune from such a phenomenon as a bruise on the nail. It is possible to injure your nails by closing a door, hammering nails, dropping a tool on the floor, or moving furniture. You can get injured both at home and at the workplace when dealing with heavy objects, tools, and machines. A subungual hematoma causes severe physical pain, but at the same time spoils the appearance of the nails. When struck, not only can a hematoma form under the nail, but the nail plate itself can burst, causing the nail to become deformed.
Bruises under the nails sometimes also appear with a severe bruise, dislocation, fracture of the hand, or injury to the foot. In these cases, bruising may extend over a large radius, including the nails of the extremities.
The appearance of subungual hematomas is sometimes provoked by wearing tight and uncomfortable shoes.
The appearance of a bruise sometimes also indicates weak walls of blood vessels, which can rupture in any part of the body, forming painful hematomas, including under the nail.
The cause of hematomas under the nails is angiopathy, which appears in diabetes mellitus and leads to weakness of the vessel wall.
Bruises under the fingernails or toenails may also appear after taking medications that directly affect blood clotting.
Bruising under the nails is the result of professional artistic activity; ballerinas and dancers often encounter this phenomenon.

What does a bruise under a nail look like?

At the moment of impact, blood leaking from damaged vessels collects under the nail. Since it cannot flow out due to the high density of the nail plate, it remains under it. The blood coagulates, changing its color over time until it completely resolves.

In the first minutes after a nail injury, it turns red, after a few hours it turns blue, and after the blood clots, it turns completely black.

Methods for treating bruises under the nails

How to treat a hematoma on the big toe? If a limb is damaged and the radius of the bruise includes the nail plate, then the entire hematoma should be treated, not the nail individually.

Traditional methods of treatment

Treatment with traditional recipes allows you to speed up the process of bruise resorption at home. You can use the following methods:

the greatest effect in the treatment of subungual hematomas on the legs was noticed by traditional healers when using compresses with onion pulp;
plantain has a cooling effect; compresses with cut leaves of this plant can relieve swelling around the nail and reduce inflammation;
Fresh wormwood has an analgesic effect on subungual bruises; its juice, absorbed into the nail, penetrates deep into the tissue and inhibits the inflammatory process;
St. John's wort tincture (1 tbsp flowers + 1 tbsp boiled water) helps fight subungual bruises from the inside. It is taken three times a day until the pain subsides;
baths with sea salt and essential oils help relieve inflammation and growth of the nail plate, which allows you to speed up the process of cutting off a deformed nail with blood clotted underneath it;
lotions with a strong solution of potassium permanganate make it possible to relieve pain.

Drug therapy

If bruises form under your toenails, you can seek help from a medical facility. Doctor's help will be appropriate only until the blood under the nail has clotted.

Preventing bruises under the nails

Preventative measures will help prevent the appearance of bruises on the nails, in particular the big toes. These include:

a balanced diet containing foods rich in vitamin C (it helps strengthen the walls of blood vessels);
wearing comfortable shoes of your size;
extreme caution when lifting heavy objects;
compliance with safety regulations in the workplace;
refusal to wear high-heeled shoes;
It is mandatory to visit a doctor if bruises appear in any part of the body, because this may be a symptom of a disease of the circulatory system.

Attentiveness in everyday life and a responsible attitude towards your well-being will protect you from such troubles as bruises under your nails.

Bruise under the nail or subungual hematoma

A subungual hematoma is a blood clot that has formed under the nail. Such damage can occur on both the fingers and toes. The formation of a hematoma is caused by mechanical trauma - impact, compression, etc.

Reasons for education

Subungual hematomas or bruises located under the nails are formed as a result of the accumulation of some amount of blood in the space under the nail plate.

Reasons for the formation of hematomas under the nails:

hit on the finger;
pinching a finger in a door and other squeezing effects;
subungual hematomas on the toes can be formed due to wearing tight shoes;
The formation of a bruise under the nails on the toe can be caused by playing football in unsuitable shoes or other injuries;
much less often, subungual hematomas are formed as a result of taking medications that affect blood clotting.

Clinical picture

When a finger is injured in the nail area, the patient feels pain and blood begins to accumulate in the subungual space. The pain is pulsating, “tugging”, and sometimes there is a feeling of fullness. Swelling may form on the injured finger.

The main symptoms of a subungual hematoma are a change in the color of the nail; it becomes red with a bluish tint, then gradually darkens, becoming purple-black.

If the formation of a subungual hematoma is associated with wearing tight shoes, then the pain is not so acute, but does not go away for a long time even after the shoes or shoes are removed. In this case, the nail has a bluish tint, which subsequently acquires a black tint.

First aid for a nail injury

If a finger is injured with damage to the nail, it is necessary to apply ice to the area of the bruise or pinching as quickly as possible. If ice is not available, any available cooling methods can be used. For example, use frozen food packages.

To reduce the likelihood of the inflammatory process spreading, you should take some kind of anti-inflammatory drug. For example, Ibuprofen.

If the nail plate is removed as a result of an injury, it is necessary to wash the affected area with antibacterial soap, apply an ointment that contains an antibiotic (Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Syntomycin, etc.) and apply a sterile bandage. With such an injury, the patient must consult a doctor.

To quickly resolve the hematoma, you can use ointments and gels - Troxevasin, Venitan, Venoruton, etc.

In what cases is medical help needed?

If the hematoma is small (no more than a quarter of the area of the nail plate) and there is no severe pain, you can get by with home treatment.

However, there are cases when you cannot do without medical help. You need to contact a medical facility if:

The hematoma is widespread and occupies more than a quarter of the area of the nail plate.
If the patient feels acute pain. Intense pain may be a sign of a finger fracture.
If the change in nail color occurred without injury.

Diagnosis methods

Diagnosis of a subungual hematoma is made on the basis of an external examination and anamnesis (presence of injury in the recent past).

An x-ray may be ordered to ensure there is no bone damage.

Treatment

To remove blood from the subungual space, drainage is performed. To do this, using a special sterile instrument, a puncture is made in the nail plate in the center of the blood clot.

A sterile bandage must be applied to the finger after removing the blood.

After removing the blood, a damp, sterile bandage is applied to the injured finger. This is necessary to cool the injured area and prevent the nail from healing too quickly. Typically, no other treatment is required after this procedure.

For severe injuries, complete removal of the nail and suturing may be indicated. In this case, you will need to consult a doctor. Suture material, as a rule, is self-disintegrating, which means no suture removal is required.

If nylon was used for suturing, then removal of the suture material is done superiorly.

Treatment with traditional methods

Treatment with traditional methods can be used only for small subungual hematomas and full confidence that there is no bone damage.

The best remedy for hematoma, including subungual hematoma, is cold. The sooner a cold object (ice) is applied to the site of the injury, the smaller the bruise will be.

To treat subungual hematoma, use a solution of potassium permanganate.

If the hematoma has already turned black and the pain has subsided, you can use a solution of potassium permanganate. To do this, prepare a strong (dark cherry-colored) solution of potassium permanganate and heat it. The solution should be hot, but not scalding. Dip your finger into the solution and leave for a minute. This bath helps soften the nail plate and remove dried blood.

To relieve the “tugging” pain, you can tie a leaf of white cabbage to the injured finger.

Prevention and prognosis

After draining the subungual hematoma, the pressure decreases and the pain subsides. Recovery occurs quite quickly. If the nail injury was serious, a complication may arise in the form of nail deformation and abnormal growth.

Prevention of the formation of subungual hematoma consists of following safety rules when performing various works. In addition, you need to be careful to avoid injuries at home.

When choosing shoes, you should give preference to comfortable models that will not put pressure on your fingers and nails.

How should a hematoma under a fingernail or toenail be treated?

Every person has injured their fingers or toes at least once in their life. Often with such an injury a bruise forms, causing a lot of suffering and inconvenience. Most often, such injuries appear on the lower extremities.

How is a hematoma under the nail treated? We will talk about this in detail in this article.

Causes

There are many reasons why hematomas occur directly under the nails. Most often this happens due to:

a strong blow (a person hits a piece of furniture or a doorway with his foot);
falling of a heavy object;
pinching;
wearing tight or simply uncomfortable shoes (usually the big toe nail suffers).

The mechanism of hematoma formation here is the same as in all other cases - as a result of physical impact, vascular damage occurs. They leak blood and bruise because the fluid has nowhere to go.

Symptoms

It is worth pointing out that the hematoma itself under no circumstances is the only consequence of tissue damage. As a rule, it is accompanied by swelling and redness of the injured finger.

The collected blood, having no outflow, coagulates and a hematoma is formed. Fresh is red. Then it acquires a crimson hue and gradually turns blue. During this period, the finger often goes numb. If the blow was very strong, then often the entire foot or hand loses sensitivity.

The injury - both in a child and an adult - is accompanied by severe pain of a pulsating nature. A bruised finger loses normal mobility. After a few days, the hematoma becomes black. The color change is associated with the process of blood clotting and the oxidation of the iron contained in it.

How to help

In any serious case, the injured finger should be seen by a doctor. But first, it is worth providing first aid to the patient at home. Hematomas in children require the most attention, since their bones are not yet fully formed and they are more likely to fracture.

First of all, you need to apply a cold compress to your finger - the best solution is:

ice pack;
packaging of frozen vegetables or other products;

At worst, a cool compress will do.

You will also need to relieve pain. To do this, use any anti-inflammatory drugs available at home:

If we are talking about a child, make sure that the medicine can be given to him. Such information is provided in the instructions.

Nail peeling

The fact that the nail has separated indicates a violation of the blood supply. Here you should act promptly, since a focus of inflammation very quickly forms on the injured finger and suppuration often appears. It is advisable, as first aid, to treat the injury with an antiseptic drug, apply antibiotic ointment and bandage the finger.

A partially detached nail should not be cut or torn off - this often results in severe bleeding. In addition, the procedure itself is very painful. Place a cotton swab on it and cover it with an adhesive plaster, and then go to the emergency room - the doctors there will carry out all the manipulations if necessary.

Treatment

To remove blood, you need to pierce the nail. This procedure must be performed by a doctor. You can’t do this at home - you can get an infection. In addition, unprofessional actions can only make the patient’s condition worse.

If drainage is not done, a deformed nail will grow. This happens because the accumulated liquid lifts the damaged plate upward, and this prevents the normal growth of a new one.

After completing the procedure, apply a bandage using antiseptic solutions. This will protect the injured area from infection.

As practice shows, timely removal of accumulated blood significantly speeds up the treatment process. In addition, this method often prevents bruising.

In some cases, when the damage is quite extensive, the specialist decides to remove the nail completely.

It is advisable to do drainage only immediately after injury, that is, until the blood clots. Later it can only be removed along with the nail plate.

If the bruise is small, then it is not necessary to contact a specialist. You just need to make sure that the damaged tissues do not become infected. Nail restoration usually takes from 3 months to six months.

Among the folk remedies, onions ground into a pulp, placed on gauze and attached to a finger, will help relieve swelling. Baths with the addition of sea salt and essential oils will also be useful.

Formation of hematomas as an alarming symptom

The biggest concern should be the appearance of a bruise without a clear reason, that is, not as a result of a bruise. In this situation, you must definitely visit a doctor and consult with him.

Often, bruises under the nails appear while taking prescribed anticoagulants (drugs that prevent blood from clotting). Bruises under the nails also indicate the presence of heart failure. This happens because the body experiences a lack of oxygen.

In addition, this symptom may indicate the appearance of:

In the latter case, the fingers usually begin to itch and become inflamed.

Prevention

increase the proportion of foods containing vitamin C in your diet - it strengthens blood vessels;
wear comfortable shoes of your size and without high heels;
do not overload your legs;
When doing physical labor, do not forget about safety precautions;
Make sure that children do not run around the apartment and walk carefully.

How to get rid of a hematoma under the nail

Every person has experienced trauma at least once in their life. But when an injury occurs, a person does not always go to the doctor, since some injuries are not so dangerous. For example, if a hematoma appears under the nail, many people believe that it can go away on its own and do not pay much attention to it. But is such an injury really safe? And how to relieve pain?

A hematoma under the nail is the formation of a blood clot that appears as a result of severe bruising of the nail plate.

A hematoma under the toenail can most often form for the following reasons:

kicking while walking;
falling of various heavy objects onto the toes;
walking in tight, uncomfortable shoes.

Hematoma on the toenail

If the bruise appears on its own and does not go away for a long time, then you should go to a specialist to identify the causes of the disease.

Why do bruises appear?

Before starting treatment for an injury, you need to make sure that the patient has a hematoma. After all, darkening under the nail can also form for other reasons:

Physiological effects. Typically, blue marks appear after a finger gets caught in a door or when it hits a heavy object. With a strong blow, blood vessels can burst, which leads to hemorrhage under the skin. As a result, a hematoma appears. If the blueness is very large, then you need to urgently go to the doctor.
Wearing uncomfortable shoes. If you wear uncomfortable shoes. It turns out that there is a lot of pressure on the foot and toes, which leads to severe blueness of the feet. Before purchasing new shoes, you need to make sure that they really suit you.
Medicines. Some drugs affect blood clotting. Therefore, minor bruises may appear.
Heart failure. Due to a lack of oxygen in the blood, the shade of the nail plate may change.
Onychomycosis. A fungal infection that causes peeling of the nail, severe pain, itching, and hardening.

Hematoma under the nail treatment

If during an impact the nail plate cracks or breaks off, then the wound must be treated with an antiseptic. The wound can also be treated with alcohol or hydrogen peroxide.

If ordinary bruises appear, therapy is not needed. The blue marks will disappear after a week. To make the blueness go away faster you need to:

Remove the blood clot under the nail. Usually the localization site is pierced with a small (only disinfected) needle, and the blood comes out through the hole. After all the clot has come out, the wound is bandaged with a damp bandage. This treatment method is not recommended for use at home. It is best if the entire procedure is performed by a doctor. To avoid wound infection. In addition, the fastest way to get rid of a hematoma is surgery. The old plate is removed so that after the bruise disappears, a new one, even and strong, will grow.
After the pain becomes less noticeable and the bruise turns black, you can apply a manganese solution. The injured finger should be immersed in the manganese solution for a minute. This procedure will help soften the nail plate and dissolve thickened blood.
Take Routine. The drug helps strengthen blood vessels. In order for the medicine to be better absorbed, it is recommended to take it in combination with vitamin C. All medicines can be purchased at pharmacies without a prescription. Before taking the drug, you should consult your doctor to avoid deterioration in health.
Ketorolac, Analgin or Ibuprofen to relieve pain. Medicines will help eliminate pain from the first moment of injury. The medicine will help you wear shoes without pain and discomfort.
Hyparin ointment. The ointment has an antithrombotic effect. For the best effect, you need to apply it three times a day to the injured nail plate. The ointment is used until the nail becomes pale pink.
If a slight swelling is visible on the plate and sharp pain is felt on the phalanx of the finger, then a compress of dimexide and novocaine (1:3) can be applied to the lesion. Moisten gauze generously with the solution and apply to the affected area for a minute. In order for the compress to stick, it must be secured with a bandage.

Indovazin gel relieves pain and treats hematoma

Conclusion

How to forget about joint pain...

Joint pain limits your movements and full life...
You are worried about discomfort, crunching and systematic pain...
You may have tried a bunch of medications, creams and ointments...
But judging by the fact that you are reading these lines, they did not help you much...

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How to get rid of pain in a bruised finger and remove a bruise under the nail. Subungual strip-like hemorrhages are one of the symptoms of chronic dermatoses. Blood under the thumbnail.

Causes of subungual hematoma

Risk factors

Symptoms of subungual hematoma

Complications and consequences

Diagnosis of subungual hematoma

Differential diagnosis

Treatment of subungual hematoma

Prevention

Symptoms

How does a hematoma form?

What should you do first?

Treatment methods

In what cases is medical help needed?

What is the danger of a hematoma under the nail?

How to avoid hematoma formation

Traditional methods

Bruise under the big toe nail. VIDEO

Causes of bruises under the nail plates

What does a bruise under a nail look like?

Methods for treating bruises under the nails

Traditional methods of treatment

Drug therapy

Preventing bruises under the nails

1 Why does a bruise appear under the nails?

2 Causes of hematoma formation

3 How to treat a hematoma

4 Prevention

Features of treatment

Why do bruises appear?

Hematoma under the nail treatment

Conclusion

Symptoms and classification

First aid for injury

Treatment of hematoma on the leg after a bruise

Ointments for bruises and hematomas on the leg

Traditional methods of treatment

Surgical methods of treatment

Hematoma without an external cause

Possible consequences of improper treatment

How does a subungual hematoma appear?

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of nail fungus

Treatment

Traditional methods of treatment

Methods for eliminating hematoma under fingernails

Causes of bruises under the nail plates

What does a bruise under a nail look like?

Methods for treating bruises under the nails

Traditional methods of treatment

Drug therapy

Preventing bruises under the nails

Bruise under the nail or subungual hematoma

Reasons for education

Clinical picture

First aid for a nail injury

In what cases is medical help needed?

Diagnosis methods

Treatment

Treatment with traditional methods

Prevention and prognosis

How should a hematoma under a fingernail or toenail be treated?

Causes

Symptoms

How to help

Nail peeling

Treatment

Formation of hematomas as an alarming symptom

Prevention

How to get rid of a hematoma under the nail

Why do bruises appear?

Hematoma under the nail treatment

Conclusion

How to forget about joint pain...

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