Harmful factors. List of hazardous industries

At the legislative level, an exhaustive nomenclature of professions is defined, representatives of which have the right to retire earlier than usual. These lists are grouped into list 1 and list 2. Detailed description these lists and conditions early exit retirement can be found in the article.

Complete lists of professions are spelled out in the Decree of the USSR Cabinet of Ministers. All professions are united by field of activity - mining, petrochemical production, the creation of polymer fibers, work in hospitals with patients, etc.: a total of 24 areas.

The Russian Federation recognizes the specified Decree, therefore all listed lists are considered valid. In confirmation of this, a Government Decree was issued, which entered into force in January 2015.

It contains references to the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers, since the category of citizens retiring early is still determined precisely by those lists.

List 1

Based on the data of these resolutions, it should be considered that both workers from the 1st and workers from the 2nd list stop work ahead of schedule. At the same time, these lists practically do not differ in practice. but list 1 - these are professions that are associated with particularly harmful working conditions. They are recognized as such by a special independent commission, which works at the enterprise at the expense of the employer. According to the results of its activities, the conditions are recognized as harmful or especially harmful with the assignment to them.

At the same time, the recognition of experience as “particularly harmful” is assumed while observing 5 important conditions:

1. The profession belongs to list 1 (exact match to the name).
2. Work takes place in such conditions at least 80% of the time.
3. In this case, employment can only be full-time.
4. A continuous (or intermittent) minimum required length of service has been developed: for men it is exactly 10 years, for women - 7.5 years.
5. There are also requirements for the total insurance period, which should be at least 20 years for men and 15 years for women (taking into account the "harmful" period).

Then men can retire at 50 and women at 45.

List 2

The second list contains practically the same professions, representatives of the same fields of activity. but list 2 - these are positions that are associated with harmful and difficult working conditions. But in this case, the concept of "particularly harmful" is absent. This difference also affects the minimum required length of service for early termination of employment:

• men - 12 years;
• women - 10 years.

The rest of the requirements are exactly the same - the employee retires at 50/45 years old if he worked in harmful / difficult conditions from 80% of the time, and he has a total experience of at least 20/15 years. Thus, only one "harmful" experience is not enough - it is necessary to work out minimal amount years.

In practice, it may also turn out that an employee simultaneously combines the positions indicated in both list 1 and list 2. For example, we can talk about a part-time job who is simultaneously employed by 2 different employers. Then only the benefits and conditions from the 2nd list apply to him. If he worked in different periods in different positions, each of these lengths of service is calculated separately.

Federal legislation also provides for other benefits for members of lists 1 and 2 - for example, additional leave, which is paid like a regular vacation period. Also on his own initiative fringe benefits the enterprise itself can provide ( additional payments to the salary free meals etc.).

How to apply for early retirement

To prove the existence of a "harmful" experience is the responsibility of the future pensioner himself. When preparing for a pension (or when leaving), an employee must request a certificate from his employer that confirms:

• harmful conditions;
• period of work in this organization;
• an occupation that is in list 1 or list 2.

A similar certificate can be provided by municipal authorities (for example, the district administration), if such an enterprise no longer exists. It is important to understand that the work book is the main document confirming the experience and profession, but not the only one. As additional evidence of the right to early retirement, there may be other papers:

• labor contract;
• personal card / personal file;
• salary certificate;
• extracts from the statements of the employer;
• other documents, which also contain the exact name of the profession and the total period of work in this enterprise.

Together with these documents, the employee attaches:

• your passport;

It is important to take care of your pension in advance. In fact, already during employment, the employee must ensure that his profession exactly matches those listed in the indicated lists 1 or 2. The same entries must appear in the work book, contract, card and other documents - in otherwise it will be more difficult to prove a "harmful" experience.

Government Russian Federation provides for the possibility of compensating citizens for the loss of earnings or other types of income, in connection with the loss of working capacity due to age.

In the legislation of the Russian Federation, this type of support for disabled persons is prescribed as insurance pension old age. Assign it to women who have reached the age of 55 and men who are 65 years old. However, persons who worked at hazardous or heavy objects are entitled to the appointment of benefits ahead of schedule.

Formation features

After a citizen of the Russian Federation has reached a certain age, he has the right to count on state support due to disability. To be appointed, you must have required amount insurance experience and individual scores pension coefficient(IPK).

The amount of the IPC depends on the amount of contributions for all periods of work. In case of non-compliance with one of the requirements, the pension is still assigned. But it will not be insurance, but social.

The government has provided for the possibility of a grace age for retirement for a certain circle of people. Such a benefit is due to those who have worked for a certain period of hard work associated with a danger to life and health.

To assign old-age maintenance must meet the eligibility requirements. Most apply to standard benefit assignments. However, there are requirements that apply only to preferential category future retirees. So, their jobs should be subjected to a special assessment. For such citizens, additional contributions to the FIU should be made.

The Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated January 19, 2016 N 14n "On approval of the Administrative Regulations for the provision by the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation of the state service for the establishment of insurance pensions, funded pensions and pensions for state pension provision" contains full information, which PFR specialists are guided by when receiving and considering applications for the appointment of insurance pensions.

In order to implement and comply with the right of citizens to preferential pension provision, rules have been established on the application of Lists 1 and 2 of harmful professions of the Russian Federation, according to which a certain category of workers has the right to retire earlier than the majority of other citizens. If there is documentary evidence of the fact and period of work in special conditions, classified by Lists 1 and 2 as harmful (difficult) working conditions, the employee may apply to the Pension Fund with an application for the appointment of an early old-age insurance pension.

Harmful professions according to Lists 1 and 2

Explanations on how to determine the special work experience and apply Lists 1 and 2 of hazardous professions in the Russian Federation are contained in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 665 of 07/16/2014. For convenience, let us briefly summarize the main points:

• List 1 is subject to application if the employee was employed in underground work, as well as work with harmful working conditions, or the work took place in hot shops during high temperature ambient air or direct contact with sparks/fires;
• For employment in jobs in which working conditions are recognized as work with difficult working conditions, you should see List 2.

In practice, a situation is possible when an employee is simultaneously employed in several jobs from different Lists(for example, is a part-time worker), in this case, List 2 must be applied.

So that when assigning an early insurance pension, the employee does not have problems with the Pension Fund, the employer should take into account the requirements for the name of hazardous professions provided for in Lists 1 and 2. Therefore, even at the stage of hiring and processing documents, including staffing, work book, employment contract with the employee, his personal card, the employer should familiarize himself with the procedure for applying Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 665 dated July 16, 2014 and indicate the name of the position (profession) and labor function of the employee as indicated in Lists 1 and 2.

If the names of positions (or labor functions) do not match, there is a risk for the employee of negative consequences: an employee of the FIU may be denied early retirement. In this regard, the employee can be recommended to try to prove the identity of the names by enlisting the legal support of the Ministry of Labor of Russia, set out in a letter of 08/02/2000 No. 3073-17, No. 06-27 / 7017. State bodies recognize the right of an employee to preferential pension provision, subject to the necessary requirements for the emergence of such a right, despite the different names of one profession.

List 1: especially harmful conditions

Establishing the fact that the nature of the employee's labor function at a particular employer is associated with particularly harmful or particularly difficult working conditions, as required by List 1, is carried out through the certification of workplaces.

The employer, as well as the relevant state (municipal) bodies, at the request of the employee, are obliged to provide him with a certificate of the nature and period of work. These documents will be provided later in Pension Fund and are the basis for calculating the employee's preferential length of service and early retirement for old age.

Right to early preferential pension in old age, according to List No. 1, with especially harmful conditions, the employee whose profession is identical to the profession from List 1, subject to the conditions that:

• the employee has full employment (that is, at least 80% of his working time the employee performs work in especially harmful and especially difficult working conditions) and
• the fact of working in special conditions can be documented.

The main, but not the only document confirming the fact of work in special conditions is the work book. The legislator does not limit the employee's right to provide other documents that the Pension Fund is also required to accept to calculate the length of service in order to establish a preferential pension. This can be a certificate from the employer about the period and nature of the work, a personal card of the employee, a labor agreement drawn up in accordance with the rules in force at the time of its conclusion, certificates of wages, orders and other documents. The right of the employee to provide additional documents is enshrined in paragraph 11 of the Rules for calculating and confirming the insurance period for establishing an insurance pension, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02.10.2014 No. 1015.

Length of service in the position included in the list privileged professions with harmful working conditions, for men is at least 10 years and 7 years and 6 months for women.

List of 2 privileged professions

Work will also be counted as a special length of service for an employee if his work (position, profession) and indicators with harmful and difficult working conditions are included in List 2.

When including work from List 2 in the special experience, one should take into account the clarifications of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated May 22, 1996 No. 5 on the procedure for applying preferential Lists 1 and 2.

The pension fund is obliged to assign an early preferential old-age pension to an employee, including work in the calculation of special seniority, if:

• the position of an employee from the hazardous professions of the Russian Federation specified in Lists 1 and 2,
• the employee has a full-time employment (that is, at least 80% of his working time, the employee performs work in especially harmful and especially difficult working conditions, including business trips, sick leave, vacations (annual, additional), time for a lunch break).

Special rules for counting special seniority provide that:

• when reducing the volume of production and transferring the employee to a part-time work mode ( working week) the length of service should be considered based on the actual hours worked;
• the periods of work in which study leaves were granted are not subject to inclusion in the calculation of special length of service.

Preferential pension provision under Lists 1 and 2

Despite the current ongoing in the country another pension reform aimed, among other things, at increasing retirement age, which since January 1, 2017 has affected some citizens who are state and municipal employees, as well as persons employed in political positions, the procedure for preferential pension provision kept the same.

The essence of preferential pension provision is that men can retire at old age not at the age of 60, but women at the age of 55, but several years earlier.

This means that those employees whose work (position, profession) is included in Lists 1 and 2 of hazardous professions of the Russian Federation, subject to the requirements:

• about work experience these works at least 10 years for men and 7 years 6 months for women, and
• the presence of insurance experience for men at least 20 years, for women - 15 years,

then these employees are entitled to preferential pension provision. This means that men can retire at age 50 and women at age 45.

When working for at least half of the required time in jobs included in the list of privileged professions with harmful working conditions, and subject to compliance with other requirements of the law (including the required minimum insurance period and the period of work in harmful and dangerous working conditions), men and women can also count on a special procedure for assigning an insurance pension - the retirement age generally established for all citizens of Russia is subject to reduction by one year for each full year such work.

Depending on the type of work performed and its assignment to one or another list, various conditions appointment of early retirement benefits.

List 1 for Hazard Retirement

List No. 1 (in Everyday life"First Grid") defined production and professions for early appointment old-age pensions for persons who worked with harmful and dangerous working conditions, in hot shops, in underground work. According to the specified list, professions are retired with special (critical) degree of harmfulness and danger.

To the professions and positions indicated in List No. 1 periods of work are not cumulative provided for by List No. 2, "small" lists and other periods of work with special conditions labor.

List of 2 harmful professions for early retirement

List No. 2 (or the “second grid”) defines industries and professions for the early assignment of an old-age pension to persons who worked under difficult working conditions. To determine the right to early retirement provision, it is allowed to sum up the periods of work provided for by List No. 1 to the periods of labor activity under List No. 2.

A 54-year-old man has 4 years of work under List No. 1 and 9 years - under List No. 2, as well as 26 years of general insurance experience. In accordance with the legislation, there is no right to retire under Schedule No. 1. If you have a “clean” length of service according to List No. 2 (9 years), the right to a pension arises at the age of 57. When adding to the periods of work according to List No. 2, the periods of work of List No. 1, a preferential length of service equal to 13 years is obtained, which gives the right to retire at 55 years in accordance with clause 2 of part 1 of Law 400-FZ.

Carrying out a special assessment of working conditions

The procedure for conducting a special assessment of working conditions (SOUT) is legally enshrined in the Law of December 28, 2013 No. 426-FZ "On a special assessment of working conditions". The assessment is carried out by the employer together with a specialized organization involved. Specialists of the labor protection department or service should be directly involved in the commission created to conduct the assessment.

The purpose of such a special assessment (verification) of working conditions is to identify and measure potentially harmful and dangerous production factors present in certain industries and affecting the health of persons engaged in labor activity in the identified areas.

For workplaces with no identified harmful or dangerous factors, the employer submits a declaration of compliance of working conditions with regulatory requirements to the labor inspectorate.

Workplaces where hazards have been identified are distributed according to the respective classes (subclasses) of harmfulness, whose characteristics are given in Article 14 of Law No. 426-FZ.

Based on the information received, in the future, payable to the FIU is established.

Conditions for the appointment of a pension

For the establishment of an early insurance old-age pension, legislatively determined three basic conditions:

• reaching the established retirement age;
• availability of full insurance (labor) experience;
• the duration of the special (preferential) experience.

The conditions for early retirement by age for men and women in accordance with Lists No. 1 and No. 2 are given in the table:

Law "About insurance pensions" defines additional requirement- the presence of a value (IPC) of at least 30.

Additional contributions to the Pension Fund for harmful working conditions in 2018

Periods of work, in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 of part 1 of Art. 30 of the Law of December 28, 2013 No. 400-FZ, which took place after January 1, 2013, are counted in the special experience, subject to the following conditions:

• payment (insurance) for additional tariffs established by Article 33.2 of the Law of December 15, 2001 N 167-FZ;
• compliance of the class of working conditions at the workplace with the established standards based on the results.

In 2015 there were increased rates of insurance premiums for employers who have harmful and dangerous conditions labor. Namely:

• 9% - from payments in favor of employees from list No. 1;
• at the rate of 6% - for employees from list No. 2.

The basis for the calculation is the income (salary and other payments) received by employees who are employed in positions equivalent to heavy and harmful.

Calculation of the harmfulness pension in 2018

The calculation of the amount of the old-age insurance pension is carried out using a fixed federal law No. 400-FZ formulas:

SP st \u003d IPC × SPK,

• SP sk- the amount of the old-age insurance pension;
• IPK- individual pension coefficient (determined individually for each of the acquired pension rights);
• SPK- the cost of one pension coefficient (PC) as of the day from which the payment is due (this is a fixed amount, determined by a government decree). In 2018, from January 1 - 81.49 rubles.

The value of the IPC is determined by addition of two quantities:

• the value of the IPC from (part 10 of article 15) for periods of labor until 1.01.2015;
• IPC n (Part 11 of Article 15) for periods after January 1, 2015.

Value IPK with is the amount of the insurance part of the labor pension (without a fixed base size) as of December 31, 2014, calculated according to the norms of the law “ O labor pension in Russia”, divided by the cost of one PC as of January 1, 2015 (amounts to 64.1 rubles).

Value IPK n is the sum of PCs determined for each calendar year, calculated from the annual accounted contributions of insurance premiums to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, starting from January 1, 2015.

The value of the IPC was established in 2015 at not less than 6.6, with a subsequent increase by 2.4 to reach 30 in 2025. Thus, in 2018, the size of the IPC is 13.8.

Required IPC value when assigning an old-age insurance pension, it is determined ahead of schedule on the day the pension is established. Also, an old-age insurance pension is added in the amount of 4982.9 rubles in 2018 (4805.11 rubles in 2017).

Assignment of early retirement benefits

For early retirement under preferential pension provision, a citizen must apply with a completed application to the Pension Fund at your place of residence(permanent or temporary), or actual residence or in a multifunctional center (MFC). An application for the appointment of an insurance pension is submitted personally or through an official representative, whose credentials must be notarized.

There is an electronic application through the Internet, for this you can use the "Citizen's Personal Account" on the official website of the PFR.

In order to shorten the period for granting pensions, bodies of the FIU an advance check of the documents of retired citizens is carried out. In the course of checking and preparing documents (for the correctness and completeness of the information contained), a model of a citizen's pension file is formed. As well as specialists of the department (service) for assessing pension rights, it is determined whether citizens who have a privileged length of service with special working conditions have the right.

early, as well as common grounds, the pension is assigned from the date of application, but before the emergence of the right.

What documents are needed for a harmful pension?

When applying to the FIU, a citizen must provide the following documents:

1. the passport;
2. documents confirming the right to early insurance coverage(Besides work book are used references specifying the special nature of the work issued by the employer in accordance with current legislation, it can also be cards for recording actual hours worked in preferential industries, etc.);
3. additional documents, if necessary (archival certificates, contracts, for men, a military ID, birth certificates for children, a document on education, etc.).

When submitting an application electronically, the documents missing for establishing the right and assigning a pension must be submitted additionally. For this, set 3 month period from the date of application.

The procedure for making payments

Including early retirement benefits, are delivered to its recipients for the current calendar month . carried out by various delivery organizations at the choice of a citizen:

• through the post offices of Russia;
• through a credit organization (bank);
• through another organization that delivers pensions.

To change the method of delivery of pension payments, you must contact branch of the FIU with a statement.

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