What is urine culture during pregnancy? How to “find control” against a pathogenic microorganism? Mid-stream method

Pathogenic microorganisms are detected by different methods. One of the most accurate is bacteriological urine culture (tank culture). During pregnancy, it is often prescribed by doctors to determine the presence and quantity of bacteria and fungi that can cause harm to both mother and baby.

A study is prescribed not only for existing symptoms of the disease or suspected infection, but also to prevent its occurrence. The biomaterial is placed in an environment optimal for the growth of pathogens, and after 5 days the results are observed. If the detected number of microorganisms is higher than normal, the analysis is considered to have given a positive result, and if there is no or a small number of bacteria, the result is negative.

Why do you need to take a urine culture test during pregnancy?

If there are no obvious signs of the disease, then why take a urine culture test?

It turns out that not all infections can be detected using a regular urine test, since some microorganisms do not affect the indicators in any way. This is especially true for chronic diseases. But bacterial culture of urine makes it possible to see these infections because under certain conditions the microbes are easily cultured. This makes it possible to take timely measures, before the first symptoms appear.

Various pathogens can cause the following diseases:

• urethritis - an infection progresses in the urethra on the mucous membrane, which, in the absence of proper treatment, leads to inflammation in the bladder (cystitis) and appendages;
• cervicitis is an inflammatory process on the cervix, this can lead to erosion and even oncology;
• endometritis is an inflammation of the uterine mucosa, which puts the fetus at risk because it can cause uterine bleeding and lead to miscarriage;
• pyelonephritis – inflammation of the kidneys.

If the disease is not detected in advance, it will begin to progress and become acute, for example, cystitis, pyelonephritis.

And this affects the course of pregnancy and childbirth, and can lead to complications such as:

• gestosis;
• difficult birth;
• fetal death.

Some types of streptococci can cause significant harm to the baby after birth. For example, diseases such as streptoderma, meningitis, pneumonia or sepsis in the first days after birth are directly related to an infection acquired at the time of birth.

In addition to infections of the genitourinary system, urine culture shows the degree of sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria to certain medications. This helps prescribe the correct treatment, such as antibiotics. It is also possible to identify the effectiveness of the use of drugs, which will confirm or refute the correctness of the prescribed therapy.

Who is assigned this type of research?

During pregnancy, women are prescribed to submit urine for bacteriological culture twice - in the first weeks of the gestational period and closer to childbirth (at 34–36 weeks). This standard diagnosis allows the doctor to determine how to manage pregnancy and childbirth.

This diagnosis is also carried out when protein is detected in urine, which indicates the presence of an inflammatory process. To determine the pathogen, bacterial culture is prescribed.

Unscheduled urine is donated to a culture tank in the following cases:

• presence of urolithiasis;
• diabetes;
• unsuccessful treatment of an existing disease;
• monitoring the therapeutic effect of taking prescribed medications;
• immunodeficiency state of a pregnant woman;
• complaints of unpleasant or painful symptoms when going to the toilet;
• an increase in temperature for no apparent reason.

A woman must notify her supervising doctor if she had disorders in the genitourinary system before pregnancy. Then the doctor will monitor the pregnant woman’s condition more carefully and prescribe tank cultures more often.

How to properly prepare for analysis

To obtain reliable research results, it is necessary to follow certain instructions for preparing for the delivery of biomaterial and its collection:

1. 2 days before the test collection, it is not recommended to consume foods that color urine (carrots, beets).
2. 2 days before collection you should stop taking diuretics.
3. On the eve of the training camp, you should not overload yourself with physical activity.
4. Prepare a small container for the liquid with a tight-fitting lid. It must be sterile. You can buy it at a pharmacy or find it at home.
5. Before collecting urine, you need to carry out the necessary hygiene procedures. But it is not recommended to use intimate hygiene products; it is better to use simple baby soap or take a soda solution.
6. You cannot douche before collection.

The sample is collected in the morning and sent to a medical laboratory for testing within 2 hours.

Attention! Contraceptives, antibiotics, suppositories and many other drugs can distort the results of the study.

Therefore, it is worth notifying your gynecologist about their appointment. He will tell you which medications should not be taken before giving urine.

How to get tested

The collection of biomaterial must be carried out under sterile conditions and in compliance with precise rules, which will then help to obtain the correct result.

1. How to collect urine for bacteriological culture:
2. After preliminary intimate hygiene, a cotton swab is inserted into the vagina so that discharge from there does not get into the analysis.
3. Some of the urine is flushed into the toilet, then a collection container is placed, and after collecting the required amount, the remainder of the urine is sent back to the toilet. That is, they take the average morning urine sample.
4. For the study, it is enough to donate 70–80 ml of liquid.

After collection, the jar is tightly closed and not opened again - this will be done by a specialist in the laboratory.

Important! When collecting, do not touch the inside of the container with your fingers to prevent bacteria from getting there from your hands.

Decoding the results

After 5–10 days of submitting the urine to the laboratory, the results for the presence of bacteria are obtained. This is exactly how long it takes for microorganisms to multiply in an environment favorable to them (in sugar broth or agar-agar at an optimal temperature of 37 degrees). Only data that reveals the presence of microorganisms is recorded.

• Bacteriological culture reveals the presence of:
• gonococcus,
• proteas,
• coli,
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
• gardnerella,
• Trichomonas,
• leptothrix,
• enterococcus,
• staphylococcus,
• klebsiella,
• streptococcus,

Citrobacter.

Sometimes tests detect Escherichia coli, which is introduced into the urinary system from the intestines. Its usual habitat is the lower intestine, and it should not be in the urine. But if detected, it can lead to bacteriuria.

The analysis is deciphered by a specialist, but if you have a form with the final indicators, you can independently determine whether there is an infection.

What may be the indicators of CFU in the urine of a pregnant woman:

1. Negative result. An indicator of less than 1000 CFU/ml indicates a low concentration of pathogens that is not capable of causing harm to the body of a woman or child.
2. Doubtful result. If the readings are between 1000 and 100,000 CFU/ml, a repeat test is ordered, since it is impossible to reliably determine whether there is an infection or not.
3. Positive result. An indicator of over 100,000 CFU/ml is already a bad analysis, which indicates the presence of an infection in the excretory system. It is possible to identify the pathogen, but to find out its location (kidneys, bladder, urinary tract) is not possible. Therefore, the doctor prescribes an additional three-glass urine sample.

If the result is negative and questionable, treatment is not prescribed. After determining a positive result, treatment with antibacterial drugs must be prescribed, since this indicator indicates a progressive disease.

Treatment is carried out for 3 weeks, then the patient is sent for a repeat urine test to confirm the effectiveness of the treatment. If the pathogen is again detected during repeated testing, the treatment method is changed in accordance with the sensitivity of the bacteria to the drug.

To determine the sensitivity of the infection to antibacterial drugs, the gynecologist prescribes an antibacterial test, which lists the drugs that affect the pathogen and the degree of effectiveness of their effect.

The doctor also popularly explains the meaning of tank culture and why it is carried out:

Conclusion

Knowing how to take a urine test for culture and what infectious diseases it detects, all that remains is to prepare and carry out the procedure in compliance with all recommendations. The result of the study will depend on the quality of collection and sterility.

But even if there are no visible symptoms of infection, it is necessary to take a culture test during pregnancy in order to prevent the development of the disease when it is latent. This will give you confidence that pregnancy and childbirth will take place without complications.

How much this analysis costs depends on the medical clinic and its location (for example, in Moscow the price for research will be higher than in Tomsk, Tobolsk or other cities). But if you take a urine culture for flora with a referral from a doctor in the laboratory of a municipal clinic, the analysis will be free.

Bacteriological urine culture (or tank culture) is necessary to identify and identify pathogens of urinary infections, with further determination of the sensitivity of harmful bacteria to antibiotics.

The culture tank is taken twice during pregnancy - upon registration and before childbirth (at about 36 weeks of pregnancy). If leukocytes and/or protein are detected in a general urine test, as well as in cases of kidney and bladder diseases, urine testing for a culture tank is prescribed more often.

When treating urological infectious diseases, for control, a repeat urine culture is prescribed a week after stopping the antibiotic or uroseptic.

Urine collection container

Why do you need to take a urine culture test during pregnancy?

Urine culture is one of the important tests during pregnancy, so it is included in the list of mandatory tests during pregnancy. Even with a good general urine test, with the help of a culture tank you can find a chronic or latent (asymptomatic) form of a particular infectious disease of the urinary-renal system. It is better to prevent the development of the disease than to treat an advanced stage of the disease, risking giving birth to an unhealthy child or even losing him.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria occurs in approximately 6% of pregnant women with a normal urinalysis. Such analyzes most often reveal a significant increase in Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli), Enterococcus faecalis (fecal enterococcus), Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus), Candida type fungi and others.

In the absence or untimely treatment, the infection spreads further, affecting the kidneys. Then pyelonephritis begins - inflammation of the kidneys of bacterial etiology.

Pyelonephritis can occur under two conditions: 1) from the source of infection, bacteria spread further, reaching the kidneys; 2) the number of pathogenic bacteria, which are present in every organism in small numbers, begins to increase under conditions favorable for reproduction, for example, with a decrease in immunity “plus” stagnation of urine.

Pyelonephritis during pregnancy most often occurs for the following reasons:

• a decrease in the tone of the ureters and an increase in their length and width under the influence of pregnancy hormones, which can lead to stagnation of urine, where pathogenic microorganisms begin to develop;
• enlargement of the uterus, which can lead to compression of the urinary tract (this picture is especially often observed in pregnant women with a narrow pelvis), which also causes stagnation of urine;
• hormonal changes during pregnancy, which can lead to dilation of the ovarian veins, compressing the ureter, thereby disrupting the outflow of urine, etc.

Pyelonephritis can cause intrauterine infection of the fetus, spontaneous abortion, and in the third trimester cause premature birth. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out treatment on time in order to preserve the baby’s health. During pregnancy, for the treatment of pyelonephritis, a gentle antibiotic is usually prescribed, for example, Amoxiclav or Monural, in combination with an antispasmodic, a sedative, and vitamins B, PP and C.

How to properly collect urine for tank culture analysis?

Often test results are distorted due to improper urine collection. Prepare a sterile, dry container with a tight-fitting lid for collecting samples (preferably transparent). Special jars for collecting urine tests can be purchased at pharmacies for almost nothing.

Immediately before collecting urine, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the external genitalia using toilet soap. It is recommended that pregnant women cover the vaginal opening with a piece of sterile cotton wool when collecting urine, so that nothing from the genital tract is brought into the urine collection. Don't forget to wash your hands too, so you don't accidentally transfer bacteria from your hands.

For the study, it is necessary to collect an average portion of morning urine (excreted immediately after waking up) in an amount of at least 70 ml. To do this, you need to skip the first and last stream of urine when urinating. Those. start urinating, then hold the flow and place the jar, continue urinating into the jar, towards the end of the process hold the flow again, set the jar aside, screw it on with a lid, and finish urinating.

A urine test must be submitted to the laboratory within 1.5-2 hours after collection.

Remember that a day or two before taking a urine test, it is not recommended to consume foods that can color urine, for example, beets and carrots, as well as diuretics and other medications that can affect the test result.

Please note that excessive physical activity can increase the concentration of protein in the urine, so the day before the test, reduce physical activity to a minimum.

Deciphering the urine culture tank during pregnancy

In the body of a healthy person there are all kinds of pathogenic microbes and rods, but in small quantities. Treatment is necessary only if their growth increases, since the proliferation of harmful microorganisms entails the appearance of various kinds of diseases.

Refusal of treatment threatens with serious consequences not only for one’s own health, but also for the health of the baby that a woman carries under her heart. Therefore, during pregnancy, a urine culture must be prescribed.

The urine culture results indicate the presence (“+”) or absence (“–”) of the growth of harmful microorganisms. If the growth of bacteria is still detected, then the laboratory assistant immediately conducts a study to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to different types of antibiotics - an antibiogram.

The measurement value of the number of microorganisms is CFU/ml.

CFU (colony-forming units) is one microbial cell, which over time will turn into a colony of such cells.

And if a gynecologist says that a pregnant woman has a bad urine culture, this means that an increase in infectious agents has been detected. Treatment is carried out with antibiotics, and not just Canephron or cranberry juice. In addition to antibiotic therapy, other drugs may be prescribed.
Usually, if the urine culture is poor, an ultrasound of the kidneys and a smear from the urethra are additionally prescribed to determine the disease and prescribe its correct treatment.

Inflammatory diseases of the kidneys, urinary system - in almost all cases, the causative agents of these diseases are infectious microorganisms.

In order to identify exactly which microbes are in the body, the level of their distribution and sensitivity to antibiotics, it is done urine culture tank.

Indications for taking bacterial culture

During pregnancy, in the early stages, it is necessary to submit urine for bacteriological culture. Based on the results of this diagnosis, the doctor will be able to identify bacteria and microbes in the female body and prescribe treatment in time so that the infection does not pose a threat to the intrauterine development of the fetus.

Diseases of the reproductive system and urinary tract in a latent state or with mildly expressed symptoms, at the time of remission of these diseases.

Donate urine to a culture tank in case of diabetes mellitus, it is necessary in order to promptly detect the presence of microbes and bacteria in the body.

Laboratory tests of urine using bacteriological culture are necessary for the following diseases:

• urethritis in chronic form;
• cystitis with relapses in the chronic stage;
• acute and chronic form of pyelonephritis;
• paranephritis disease;
• HIV.

Diagnosis of genitourinary diseases and stages of examination

Before you begin to treat the urinary system and reproductive organs, it is necessary to conduct a diagnosis and take tests to determine the infection in the body. External examination of the patient cannot guarantee the diagnosis. It is necessary, first of all, to visit the office of a venereologist, gynecologist and urologist who will examine the patient and refer him for tests. Only after an examination of the pelvic organs has been performed, as well as the results of laboratory tests, can a diagnosis be made and treatment prescribed.

In order to establish the correct diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct a number of studies.

Diagnosis of genitourinary diseases is divided into several stages:

• bacterioscopic examination;
• bacteriological examination;
• epidemiological history;

During the examination, it is necessary to conduct molecular biological tests:

• PCR;
• blood test using enzyme immunoassay;
• GEN PROBE.

Method of bacterioscopic examination

Diagnostic studies of infectious diseases using the method of bacterioscopic examination of material identifies trichomonas, yeast-like fungi, diplococci, gonococci and other bacteria. The quality of diagnosis using this method depends on how much the patient was able toassemble correctlymaterial for research.

Identifies bacteria by their properties, location among themselves and the way they are colored.

The result of the bacterioscopic method.

The result is considered positive when bacteria are found in epithelial cells and in leukocyte cells.

Bacteriological research method

According to the principle of this method, the material for research must be placed in a special environment and normal conditions for development must be created. For the proliferation of bacteria, there are special containers with a nutrient medium for infections, fungal viruses and bacteria.

The quality of diagnostics using the bacteriological method depends on how correctly collected urine for research and timely sowing it in a nutrient medium.

Collected urine must be sown no later than 2 hours after collection.How to collect and how to properly donate urine to a culture tank?

Technology for donating urine to a culture tank

How to properly donate urine to a culture tank? Rules for taking a urine test for bacterial culture:

• A urine test for bacteriological examination must be collected and submitted in a sterile special container. Pharmacies sell containers for such tests;
• before, how to donate a urine culture to a tank, a couple of days before the test, it is advisable not to eat fatty, sour and smoked foods, marinades and salty foods, sweets, alcohol and stop taking medications;
• collect urine in the morning;
• Before collecting urine, you must wash your genitals with warm water, without using soap. You can rinse the genitals with a solution of furatsilin;
• urine culture tank how to donate- it is necessary to drain the first portion and the last part of the urine, and the middle one is collected for analysis. It contains the most germs and bacteria, which improves the analysis result.

Timely and high-quality diagnosis is an opportunity to start drug treatment in a timely manner and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.

Microorganisms determined by bacteriological examination

Using a culture tank, you can determine the presence of the following bacteria in the body:

• streptococci;
• Staphylococcus aureus;
• E. coli infection;
• enterococcus bacterium;
• staphylococcal bacteria;
• microbes Klebsiella;

These pathogenic microbes are sensitive to different groups of antibacterial drugs.

After youdonated urine to the tankculture, it is possible to determine, based on the results of the study, which bacteria react to a specific group of antibiotics; this can be determined using a urine culture tank.

Tank seeding during pregnancy

During the period of bearing a child, the expectant mother's tank culture is a mandatory analysis. Very often, only with the help of this method, infections that were in the body without pronounced symptoms are detected.

Tank seeding allows you to determine:

• the presence of pathogenic bacteria;
• the number of these bacteria in the body;
• level of pathogenicity of specific microorganisms;
• sensitivity of these microbes to antibiotics and antimicrobials.

Based on the results of this method, the doctor determines the safest medication course with drugs that will be effective and will not pose a risk to the development of the fetus.

For maximum and accurate results, in pregnant women, in addition to urine, analysis is taken from the vagina and nose.

Timely diagnosis using this method can preserve the health of the unborn child.

Specifics of bacteriological research

Working with tank seeding has a standard scheme:

• examination of sediment in urine under a microscope;
• Isolation of a culture of infectious agents from urine;
• selection of a pure infection culture;
• research and study of the properties of bacteria;
• identification of the causative agent of the disease;

When bacterial culture of urine, it is necessary to select a habitat for specific groups of microbes:

• blood agar is a medium for inoculating staphylococcus bacteria;
• sugar syrup is a favorable environment for the life of staphylococcal bacteria;
• Saburo is a medium for the development of fungi.

Very often, microorganisms are inoculated onto all three media simultaneously. Sowing is done with a special loop, laboratory spatula or swab, which is saturated with biological material from a sick person.

A positive indicator of this method of studying the composition of urine is:

• important information received about the causative agent of the disease;
• determination of sensitivity to groups of antibacterial agents for treatment;
• clear control of the duration of drug therapy.

Negative indicators of this research method are:

• difficulty in obtaining good biological material for this method; it is difficult to collect correctly urine for culture;
• minimum terms for sowing biological material;
• long period of obtaining test results.

Only the correct actions of patients when collecting urine for analysis can ensure the most accurate result of a biological study.

The urine culture tank procedure is one of the diagnostic methods for identifying pathogenic microorganisms in the urine that are not detected by.

The procedure is quite informative, but requires some time and expense. The study is prescribed by a doctor (general practitioner, obstetrician-gynecologist, urologist, pediatrician) if a urinary tract infection is suspected.

Urine culture tank is a highly informative and common laboratory test

Tank culture is one of the most common and informative diagnostic methods for identifying diseases of the urinary system. It allows not only to identify infectious agents, but also to determine their sensitivity to certain drugs. This allows you to save time and immediately prescribe effective treatment.

If the number of bacteria increases sharply, we can talk about.

Bacterial culture is not the fastest analysis; it takes time. The material being examined is applied to a special glass and placed in a nutrient medium, where, under certain conditions, bacteria begin to grow.If bacterial colonies begin to actively grow, the test is considered positive.The result is determined in colony-forming units. This is the number of cells from which full-fledged colonies of microorganisms then grow.

After the colonies of microorganisms and their variety are determined, a drug sensitivity test is performed, which is called an antibiogram. Usually this part of the analysis is carried out separately and has a separate cost. As a result, not only each microorganism is indicated, but also its sensitivity to each type of antibiotic. A full and competent analysis requires at least a week.

The analysis allows you to determine not only bacteria, but also fungi contained in the urine. A three-glass test helps determine the organ in which the source of inflammation is located. To do this, the analysis is collected in 3 glasses sequentially. The result depends on which glass the bacteria are found in and in what quantity.

Appointment for analysis

A urine culture tank is prescribed in order to clarify whether there are bacteria in the genitourinary system

Tank culture is rarely done for preventive purposes (usually during pregnancy). Most often, bacteriological examination of urine is prescribed if there is already a suspicion of an infectious-inflammatory disease of the urinary system.

Most often, tank culture is carried out for a fee, but there are also free tests. Most often, there is a fee for a repeat analysis if the result of the first was questionable.

A urine culture tank is necessarily prescribed for symptoms, as well as during pregnancy, even in the absence of symptoms:

• Dysuria. A urine test and examination are mandatory if there is a violation of the frequency of urination: too frequent or too infrequent urination. As a rule, such a symptom indicates a problem directly with the kidneys.
• Pain. OAM and urine culture tank are prescribed for pain in the lower abdomen and lower back. They can be sharp or dull, worsening during urination. Unpleasant sensations may accompany the process of urination itself: pain, burning, discomfort.
• Change in urine color. Bacteriuria is indicated by cloudy urine, too dark or streaked with blood or pus.
• Nausea, vomiting, weakness. These are indirect signs of kidney disease, but in the absence of identified pathologies in the organs, an examination of the kidneys is carried out: analysis for bacterial culture, OAM, .
• Pregnancy. During pregnancy, a woman donates urine for culture several times, even if there are no symptoms, since asymptomatic bacteriuria occurs in 3-10% of pregnancies.
• Increased body temperature. This sign is often accompanied by other symptoms: a decrease in the amount of urine, a change in its smell, lower back pain, etc.
• Checking the effectiveness of treatment. If a diagnosis has already been made and antibacterial therapy is being carried out, a urine culture tank helps to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and promptly change medications if they do not cope with the infection.

Preparation for the procedure and urine collection

For a reliable result, the analysis needs to correctly collect urine.

Collecting urine for a culture tank must be approached very responsibly. The reliability of the results depends on proper preparation and collection of material.

• It is important not only to collect the material correctly, but also to take it to the laboratory within 2 hours. Analysis cannot be carried out on material that has already begun to ferment.
• It is not necessary to adhere to a diet before collecting urine, since the diet does not affect the bacteriological analysis. You should inform your doctor about all medications you take.

When collecting material, care must be taken to ensure that bacteria do not enter the material from other sources. Collection rules:

1. It is advisable not to collect urine on the sowing tank in a container that was stored at home, since it is not sterile and it is difficult to sterilize it well at home. It is best to purchase a special sterile container from the pharmacy. The container is opened only immediately before collecting the material.
2. You need to collect an average portion of morning urine. The container is opened with clean hands before collecting urine. Do not touch the inside of the container or its edge with your fingers.
3. Before collecting material, be sure to wash yourself with soap or intimate hygiene product. Women can perform hygiene procedures while sitting on the toilet using special cotton swabs and soapy water.
4. It is recommended that a woman insert a tampon into her vagina even if she does not have her period. This will protect the material from vaginal mucus, which also contains various bacteria.
5. You need to start peeing in the toilet. After a couple of seconds, the container is carefully inserted and filled halfway. You also need to finish in the toilet.
6. The urine container must be screwed tightly without touching the edge. The container is stored in a cool, dark place for no more than 2 hours. During this time, the material must be delivered to the laboratory.

Interpretation of results: norm and pathology

A urine culture can detect a bacterial infection and initiate proper treatment.

The interpretation of the results should be carried out by the attending physician. The result of tank inoculation is not always clear: negative or positive. It has reference values ​​that indicate the degree of inflammation.

A reading below 103 CFU per ml of material is considered normal. Result 103 is considered doubtful and it is recommended to duplicate it. If the indicator is above this mark, then there is an infection and severe inflammation of the urinary system, which needs immediate treatment.If the indicator is greatly exceeded, various types of bacteria will most likely be detected.

An antibioticogram is performed only when bacteria are detected in excess of 104 CFU per ml.

The following bacteria can be identified using tank culture:

• Staphylococci and streptococci. Not all of these bacteria cause infection, but only certain varieties and a certain concentration. For example, ordinary staphylococcus does not lead to inflammation in low concentrations, but saprophytic staphylococcus is a sign of infection. Detection of staphylococcus and streptococcus in the urine in small quantities is considered normal.
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This is a fairly mobile bacterium that is often found in the environment. Most often, Pseudomonas aeruginosa affects the ENT organs and urinary tract. In urology, this bacterium is the cause of cystitis.
• Escherichia coli. E. coli normally lives in the intestines, but when it enters the organs of the genitourinary system, it provokes various inflammatory diseases. In women, it can cause cystitis, and 50% of all cases of pyelonephritis are caused by E. coli.
• Proteas. Proteus infection can affect both the genitourinary system and the intestines. Proteus causes inflammation of the kidneys and urinary tract and can lead to acute pyelonephritis.
• Klebsiella. This is a rather dangerous bacterium that is resistant to most antibiotics. It causes the same diseases as E. coli, but can lead to various serious consequences.

During pregnancy, OAM is taken every 2 weeks, in later stages - every week. Urine culture must be done twice during pregnancy: in the 1st and 3rd trimesters.

A pregnant woman must undergo a culture test, even if there are no signs of infection. This is because asymptomatic bacteriuria is not uncommon during pregnancy. It occurs due to pressure from the uterus on the ureters, as a result of which the outflow of urine is disrupted, urine stagnates, which can lead to pyelonephritis.During pregnancy, analysis can be carried out not only during examination, but also with a vaginal smear. The result takes about a week to complete.

Before taking the test, the doctor gives the pregnant woman a sterile container or offers to purchase it at the pharmacy, and also explains the rules for collecting urine. In late pregnancy, the fetus puts pressure on the bladder, so it can be difficult for a woman to wait until the morning. In this case, it is recommended to go to the toilet at the alarm clock at one or two in the morning, drink a glass of water, and then 5-6 hours later urinate again into the container.

More information on how to properly donate a urine culture during pregnancy can be found in the video:

The rules for collecting material are the same. A woman is also recommended to insert a tampon into her vagina; this will not cause any harm. An exception is giving urine after suturing the cervix. In this case, you need to consult a doctor.

If the test result is positive, the woman is advised to retake the test to ensure the accuracy of the result. Exceeding the norm indicates an infection that must be treated with antibiotics. The doctor prescribes antibiotics that will not harm the baby.

Infections of the genitourinary system during pregnancy must be treated at any stage, since the risk of intrauterine infection is too high. The danger of an infectious agent is much higher than the danger from taking antibiotics. The woman is observed throughout the entire treatment period (usually in a hospital). After completion of treatment, the tank culture test is repeated.