Potassium iodide (Potassium iodide). How to take, daily dosage

Formula potassium iodide— KI. One tablet of Potassium iodide may contain 100 or 200 mcg active substance. Eye drops are a solution containing 3% active substance. The potassium iodide solution may contain different amounts of the active substance - 0.25%, 10–20%.

Release form

Manufacturers produce tablets, drops, and potassium iodide solution. The tablets are placed in orange glass jars. Potassium iodide solution 3% is packaged in 200 ml bottles. Eye drops are sold in 10 ml bottles.

pharmachologic effect

Pharmacopoeia indicates that the drug affects the functions thyroid gland , influencing, in particular, the process of education. He suspends production thyroid-stimulating hormone , which is produced in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, increases the secretion activity of the bronchial glands, promoting the separation of sputum. Potassium iodide also has proteolytic properties, that is, it promotes the breakdown of proteins.

If the product is applied topically, it has antiseptic activity, disinfecting treated surfaces. Another important property of this medicine is to prevent the process of accumulation in thyroid gland radioactive iodine. The drug effectively protects the thyroid gland from the effects of radiation.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

If in environment contains a normal amount of iodine, then under the influence of an excess amount of iodides, the process of biosynthesis of thyroid hormones is suspended, the level of sensitivity of the thyroid gland to thyroid-stimulating hormone is reduced, and the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone by the pituitary gland is blocked.

After Potassium iodide is ingested, it is completely and quickly absorbed into the small intestine. Over the course of two hours, it is distributed inside the cells of the body. Accumulation occurs to a greater extent in the thyroid gland; iodide also accumulates in the mammary, salivary glands, and in the gastric mucosa. The substance penetrates the placenta.

It is excreted from the body through the kidneys, and about 80% of the drug dose is excreted within 48 hours, and the remaining part is excreted from the body in 10 to 20 days. Also, partial excretion occurs with secretions secreted by the salivary, bronchial, sweat and other glands.

Indications for use

The product is used as an iodine preparation for the treatment of patients (thyroid disease), during development (thyroid disease, which develops due to a reduced iodine content in water). It is also prescribed in the process of preparation for surgical interventions in people with a severe form (a disease associated with increased function of the human thyroid gland). The medicine is prescribed to prevent radiation damage to the thyroid gland. How adjuvant drug used in treatment.

Potassium iodide is also prescribed for the following diseases:

• inflammatory diseases respiratory tract;

Potassium iodide eye drops are prescribed for the following conditions:

• eye diseases (corneal clouding, hemorrhages);
• fungal diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva.

Contraindications

This drug should not be prescribed for the following diseases and conditions:

• nephritis, nephrosis;
• furunculosis, acne;
• purulent inflammatory processes on skin;
• , hemorrhagic diathesis;
• high sensitivity to iodine;

Side effects

During treatment with potassium iodide, symptoms of iodism may develop. This is a non-infectious inflammation of the mucous membranes, which is accompanied by a runny nose, swelling of the nasal mucosa, and others. When taken orally, there may be an unpleasant feeling in the epigastric region.

When treated with large doses of the drug, hyperthyroidism may develop. Most often this occurs in older people who have been diagnosed with toxic goiter of a nodular or diffuse type.

Potassium iodide, instructions for use (Method and dosage)

Potassium iodide is taken orally in the form of solutions and tablets; intravenous administration is contraindicated. When taking the drug, it is recommended to drink it with sweet tea, jelly or milk to prevent gastrointestinal irritation.

For patients who are prescribed Potassium Iodide, the instructions for use involve taking certain doses of the drug for a specific disease.

If appointed Potassium iodide eye drops , the instructions provide for the use of a 3% solution that must be instilled into the conjunctival sac. Apply 2 drops into each eye, doing this 3-4 times a day. The treatment period lasts from 10 to 15 days, depending on the disease.

People suffering from endemic goiter are prescribed 0.04 g of drugs orally once a week. If the patient suffers from diffuse goiter, he is initially advised to take 0.04 g of the drug three times a day, after which the dosage should be changed: 0.125 g 1 or 2 times a day. The therapy period lasts 20 days, followed by a ten-day break.

To dilute sputum, a 1-3% solution is used. It should be taken 2-3 tbsp. l. 3-4 times daily.

How aid prescribed for syphilis, mainly, such treatment is advisable in the tertiary period. Under the influence of the drug, pain decreases, infiltrates resolve more intensively. For the treatment of syphilis, 1 tbsp. l. A 3-4% solution should be taken three times a day after eating food.

For the treatment of actinomycosis of the lungs, large doses of the drug are prescribed - 1 tbsp. spoon of 10-20% solution four times a day.

In order to protect adults and children from exposure to radioactive iodine after two years of age should receive 0.125 g of the product once a day. Children under two years of age are recommended to take 0.04 g per day. You need to take the pills every day until the threat of radioactive iodine entering the body disappears.

To ensure protection of the thyroid gland from the influence of pharmaceutical drugs, you should take 0.125 g once a day for 5-10 days.

Overdose

In case of an overdose of any of the potassium iodide drugs, staining of the mucous membranes may occur. brown tint. The patient also vomits, is bothered by abdominal pain, and has bouts of diarrhea. In severe cases, dehydration may occur and a state of shock may develop.

In case of overdose, it is necessary to immediately rinse the stomach and administer it to the patient. Symptomatic treatment is also practiced; if necessary, therapy is carried out aimed at overcoming the state of shock and restoring water and electrolyte balance.

In case of chronic overdose, the phenomenon of iodism develops, accompanied by a metallic taste in the mouth, inflammatory processes on mucous membranes, the appearance of acne, nervous excitability. In case of chronic overdose, treatment should be discontinued.

Interaction

If simultaneous treatment with large doses of an iodine-containing drug and potassium-sparing diuretics is carried out, the patient may develop hyperkalemia.

With the simultaneous use of lithium drugs, hypothyroidism and goiter may develop.

When thiocyanate and perchlorate are taken simultaneously, absorption is competitively inhibited thyroid gland Yoda.

When treated with antithyroid drugs, a mutual weakening of the effect is observed.

Terms of sale

Dispensed from pharmacies without a prescription.

Storage conditions

Eye drops and solution should be stored at an air temperature of no more than 25° C.

Best before date

The drug should be stored for no more than 3 years.

special instructions

If treatment is given to people suffering renal failure , hyperkalemia may develop. It is important to check your blood potassium levels regularly. If treatment is carried out at home, you need to periodically visit the doctor.

Before starting treatment with potassium iodide, it is necessary to check the condition of the thyroid gland and exclude the presence of malignant diseases.

Synonyms

Potassium iodide.

Analogs

Level 4 ATX code matches:

Analogues of Potassium iodide are other iodine-containing drugs: Iodine Vitrum etc. The doctor must determine which drug is advisable to use during the treatment process.

Iodomarin or Potassium iodide: which is better?

Both drugs contain iodine and have a corresponding effect on the human body and, accordingly, the same indications for use. Only the excipients differ. In addition, Potassium iodide is a cheaper drug.

For children

Used under medical supervision. It is important to strictly adhere to the indicated dosage.

During pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy, potassium iodide can only be used in the recommended dosage. is able to penetrate the placenta, so its excessive amount can provoke the development of goiter and hypothyroidism in the fetus. If you are pregnant, you should always consult your doctor before using this drug.

This element is also highlighted with breast milk. Therefore, if a nursing mother uses the drug for treatment during breastfeeding, and the dose exceeds 1 mg per day, the baby may develop hypothyroidism.

Iodine is one of the most important micronutrients, without which our body cannot fully function. Although daily requirement it contains only about 150-200 mcg in an adult; more than two billion people on the planet live in areas of natural deficiency of this element: by refusing to regularly take iodine-containing supplements, they risk the health of the thyroid gland - the organ that produces hormones that are involved in in the regulation of both physical and mental activity. Iodine deficiency is extremely dangerous for children, adolescents and pregnant women.

Why is iodine deficiency dangerous during pregnancy?

In addition to the fact that a lack of iodine in the diet causes unpleasant conditions(weakness, tachycardia, fatigue, nervousness, etc.) in the expectant mother, it can cause serious and irreparable harm to the fetus.

Serious iodine deficiency often causes spontaneous abortions and the birth of children with congenital developmental disorders (including deaf-muteness, strabismus, mental retardation and endemic neurological cretinism).

Even with a slight iodine deficiency, the level of thyroxine in the blood of a physically healthy pregnant woman decreases sharply (while when iodine is consumed in sufficient quantities, thyroxine remains within normal limits, decreasing by 12-15% by the time of birth), which can cause a number of complications during pregnancy and delivery - from spontaneous miscarriages and incoordination labor activity to gestosis, premature birth and fetal asphyxia. To prevent the development of complications, a pregnant woman should consume at least 200 mcg of iodine during the day with food or in the form of various supplements.

Potassium iodide: use during pregnancy

Potassium iodide is an inorganic iodine preparation produced under various names trade names(Iodine balance, Microiodide, Iodomarin, etc.) and is often prescribed to children and adults to prevent the development of endemic goiter. Release form: tablets containing 100 or 200 mcg of iodine.

The dosage and method of using potassium iodide during pregnancy are determined by the doctor observing the woman. Be that as it may, you should be prepared for long-term use of the drug: the optimal solution is to start taking iodine supplements several months before the planned pregnancy, which allows you to avoid problems in the first months when the fetal nervous system is formed.

The fourth week of pregnancy is the period when the thyroid gland of the embryo is formed, but it can only fully function by the 16th week intrauterine development. Until this point, the educational process nerve cells the unborn child is completely dependent on the hormones produced by the mother’s thyroid gland, and if she does not consume enough iodine, the child’s chances of avoiding health problems are rapidly decreasing: according to WHO experts, it is
Iodine deficiency is the most common cause on the planet mental retardation in children.

Typically, the dosage of potassium iodide during pregnancy is calculated so that the total amount of the active substance consumed during the day reaches 200-250 mcg. For example, if a woman takes a multivitamin that contains iodine, its amount is included in the calculation.

When receiving a standard dose (150 mcg per day) by taking multivitamins, the missing amount of the microelement is compensated by taking 1 tablet of potassium
iodide containing 100 mcg of iodine. As a result daily norm(250 mcg) is completely covered. When calculating the daily intake of a microelement, the intake of iodized salt is not taken into account.

It is also not recommended to exceed the daily norm established by doctors, therefore biologically active additives with an increased iodine content (1.5-2 daily norms or more) during pregnancy and breastfeeding It's better to refuse. Taking Iodomarin, or potassium iodide, during pregnancy in women who need not just replenishment of iodine deficiency, but complete treatment of an existing goiter, is supplemented with drugs individual hormones thyroid gland - Eutirox, L-thyroxine and analogues.

Many women wonder: how safe is it to take potassium iodide during pregnancy? Isn’t it better to replace the drug prescribed by the doctor with the ones that are so popular these days? folk remedies? Unfortunately, anyone medical product There is a certain list of contraindications: in the case of potassium iodide, these are iodine intolerance, diffuse toxic goiter, hemorrhagic diathesis, pulmonary tuberculosis.

For urticaria, pyoderma and chronic diseases kidneys, the drug is prescribed with caution, strictly observing the dosage and closely monitoring the body’s response to therapy. Simultaneous use of the drug with lithium preparations and potassium-sparing diuretics is not recommended.

But the presence of all the above contraindications and restrictions does not mean that to replenish iodine deficiency you can use means from the arsenal of grandmothers: this approach, as a rule, does nothing but harm the body of the expectant mother and her child.

A particularly dangerous method is considered to be widespread even today, which consists of applying a drop of alcoholic iodine tincture to a piece of sugar, which is then eaten.

This “medicine” contains a gigantic concentration of iodine - much more than a couple of packages of Iodomarin - and significantly exceeds the maximum conditionally safe dose (1000 mcg per day). As a result of the use of such drugs, rapid overgrowth of the thyroid gland may begin, which will require surgery to stop.

Because the similar drugs in the vast majority of cases, they are taken for more than one month; in case of hypersensitivity to them, sometimes symptoms appear side effects- sharp metallic taste in the mouth, drooling, acne, swelling.

To avoid unpleasant symptoms iodism, all dietary supplements and medicines, which contain iodine in some form, are prescribed to pregnant women only after medical consultation.

Iodine is one of the most important micronutrients, without which our body cannot fully function. Despite the fact that the daily requirement for it in an adult is only about 150-200 mcg, more than two billion people on the planet live in areas of natural deficiency of this element: by refusing to regularly take iodine-containing supplements, they risk the health of the thyroid gland - the organ , producing hormones that take part in the regulation of both physical and mental activity. Iodine deficiency is extremely dangerous for children, adolescents and pregnant women.

Why is iodine deficiency dangerous during pregnancy?

In addition to the fact that a lack of iodine in the diet causes unpleasant conditions (weakness, tachycardia, fatigue, nervousness, etc.) in the expectant mother, it can cause serious and irreparable harm to the fetus.

Severe iodine deficiency often causes spontaneous abortions and the birth of children with congenital developmental disorders (including deaf-muteness, strabismus, mental retardation and endemic neurological cretinism).

Even with a slight iodine deficiency, the level of thyroxine in the blood of a physically healthy pregnant woman decreases sharply (while when iodine is consumed in sufficient quantities, thyroxine remains within normal limits, decreasing by 12-15% by the time of birth), which can cause a number of complications during pregnancy and delivery - from spontaneous miscarriages and incoordination of labor to gestosis, premature birth and fetal asphyxia. To prevent the development of complications, a pregnant woman should consume at least 200 mcg of iodine during the day with food or in the form of various supplements.

Potassium iodide: use during pregnancy

Potassium iodide is an inorganic iodine preparation, produced under various trade names (Iodbalance, Microiodide, Iodomarin, etc.) and is often prescribed to children and adults to prevent the development of endemic goiter. Release form: tablets containing 100 or 200 mcg of iodine.

The dosage and method of using potassium iodide during pregnancy are determined by the doctor observing the woman. Be that as it may, you should be prepared for long-term use of the drug: the optimal solution is to start taking iodine supplements several months before the planned pregnancy, which allows you to avoid problems in the first months when the fetal nervous system is formed.

The fourth week of pregnancy is the period when the thyroid gland of the embryo is formed, but it will be able to fully function only by the 16th week of intrauterine development. Until this moment, the process of formation of nerve cells of the unborn child is completely dependent on the hormones produced by the mother’s thyroid gland, and if she does not consume enough iodine, the child’s chances of avoiding health problems are rapidly decreasing: according to WHO experts, it is
Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of mental retardation in children on the planet.

Typically, the dosage of potassium iodide during pregnancy is calculated so that the total amount of the active substance consumed during the day reaches 200-250 mcg. For example, if a woman takes a multivitamin that contains iodine, its amount is included in the calculation.

When receiving a standard dose (150 mcg per day) by taking multivitamins, the missing amount of the microelement is compensated by taking 1 tablet of potassium
iodide containing 100 mcg of iodine. As a result, the daily norm (250 mcg) is completely covered. When calculating the daily intake of a microelement, the intake of iodized salt is not taken into account.

It is also not recommended to exceed the daily norm established by doctors, therefore it is better to avoid taking dietary supplements with an increased iodine content (1.5-2 daily norms or more) during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Taking Iodomarin, or potassium iodide, during pregnancy in women who need not just replenishment of iodine deficiency, but complete treatment of an existing goiter, is supplemented with preparations of individual thyroid hormones - Eutirox, L-thyroxine and analogues.

Many women wonder: how safe is it to take potassium iodide during pregnancy? Isn’t it better to replace the drug prescribed by the doctor with folk remedies that are so popular these days? Unfortunately, any medical drug has a certain list of contraindications: in the case of potassium iodide, these are iodine intolerance, diffuse toxic goiter, hemorrhagic diathesis, and pulmonary tuberculosis.

For urticaria, pyoderma and chronic kidney disease, the drug is prescribed with caution, strictly observing the dosage and closely monitoring the body's response to therapy. Simultaneous use of the drug with lithium preparations and potassium-sparing diuretics is not recommended.

But the presence of all the above contraindications and restrictions does not mean that to replenish iodine deficiency you can use means from the arsenal of grandmothers: this approach, as a rule, does nothing but harm the body of the expectant mother and her child.

A particularly dangerous method is considered to be widespread even today, which consists of applying a drop of alcoholic iodine tincture to a piece of sugar, which is then eaten.

Such a “medicine” contains a gigantic concentration of iodine - much more than a couple of packages of Iodomarin - and significantly exceeds the maximum conditionally safe dose (1000 mcg per day). As a result of the use of such drugs, rapid overgrowth of the thyroid gland may begin, which will require surgery to stop.

Structural formula

Russian name

Latin name of the substance Potassium iodide

Gross formula

Pharmacological group of the substance Potassium iodide

Nosological classification (ICD-10)

CAS code

Characteristics of the substance Potassium iodide

Inorganic iodine compound.

Colorless or white cubic crystals or white fine-crystalline powder, bitter-salty taste, odorless. Well absorbs water from humid air. Easily soluble in water (1:0.75), alcohol (1:12), glycerin (1:2.5).

Pharmacology

When entering the body in physiological quantities, iodide normalizes the synthesis of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T 3) and thyroxine (T 4), which is impaired due to iodine deficiency, and normalizes the T 3 / T 4 ratio. In the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle, under the action of thyroid peroxidase, it is oxidized to elemental iodine, which ensures iodination of tyrosine residues on the side chains of the thyroglobulin molecule with the formation of precursors of thyroid hormones - monoiodotyrosines (MIT) and diiodotyrosines (DIT), with 140 tyrosine residues included in the composition of thyroglobulin, only 1/5 of it is iodized. Under the influence of oxidative enzymes, MIT and DIT condense to form thyronines, the main of which are triiodothyronine (T 3) and thyroxine (T 4). The complex of thyroglobulin with thyronines moves from the colloid to the follicular cell by endocytosis, where it is deposited. The release of thyroid hormones from thyroglobulin occurs in the apical part of the thyrocyte through hydrolysis by lysosomal enzymes. As a result of the hydrolysis of thyroglobulin, a number of compounds are released, incl.

triiodothyronine and thyroxine, as well as MIT and DIT. The latter are deiodized inside the gland, and the released iodine is again used for the biosynthesis of hormones. Administration of significant excess iodide (more than 6 mg daily) for hyperthyroidism according to the principle leads to suppression of the synthesis and release of thyroid-stimulating hormone of the pituitary gland, inhibits the synthesis and release of (mainly) thyroid hormones, possibly due to the suppression of proteolysis of thyroglobulin. In addition, iodide reduces vascularization and the size of the thyroid gland, thickens its tissue, prevents hyperplasia of the thyroid gland and restores its size in children and adolescents.

In patients with hyperthyroidism, it quickly causes remission of symptoms, and therefore large doses of iodide are used in the preoperative preparation of patients for resection of the thyroid gland to facilitate thyroidectomy (together with other antithyroid drugs) and during thyrotoxic crisis. The antithyroid effect of iodide is unstable - it lasts only 2-3 weeks and is used to temporarily reduce thyroid function.

The radioprotective effect of iodide is due to the fact that it prevents the thyroid gland from absorbing radioactive isotopes of iodine and protects it from the effects of radiation. When taking potassium iodide at the same time as exposure to radiation protective effect is about 97%; when taken 12 and 24 hours before exposure to radiation - 90% and 70%, respectively, when taken 1 and 3 hours after exposure - 85% and 50%, more than 6 hours - the effect is insignificant.

The expectorant effect is due to the fact that iodide, secreted by the bronchial mucous glands, causes reactive hyperemia of the mucous membrane, helps to liquefy sputum, incl.

due to an increase in water content in the secretion, it enhances the function of the ciliated epithelium and increases mucociliary clearance.

There is evidence of the effectiveness of iodide in erythema nodosum and fungal infections.

After oral administration, it is quickly and completely absorbed in the small intestine and distributed in the intracellular space within 2 hours. It accumulates mainly in the thyroid gland (iodide concentration more than 500 mcg/g of tissue), as well as in the salivary and mammary glands, and gastric mucosa. Penetrates well through the placenta. It is excreted primarily by the kidneys (trace amounts are determined in urine 10 minutes after administration, 80% of the dose is excreted within 48 hours, the rest within 10-20 days), partially with the secretions of the salivary, bronchial, sweat and other glands.

Application of the substance Potassium iodide

— treatment of goiter and other iodine deficiency diseases in children (including newborns), adolescents and adults;

— hyperthyroidism, preparation for resection of the thyroid gland, thyrotoxic crisis;

- difficult sputum discharge ( inflammatory diseases upper respiratory tract, bronchial asthma, pulmonary actinomycosis);

- preventing the thyroid gland from absorbing radioactive iodine and protecting against radiation;

- syphilis (resorption of infiltrates in the tertiary period) - auxiliary treatment;

- in ophthalmology: cataracts, opacification of the cornea and vitreous body, hemorrhage in the membranes of the eye, fungal infections conjunctiva and cornea;

— in dentistry: inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands, xerostomia.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to iodine, pronounced and latent (for doses exceeding 150 mcg/day) hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, toxic thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter and others benign tumors thyroid gland (for doses exceeding 300 mcg/day, with the exception of preoperative iodine therapy), Dühring's dermatitis herpetiformis, pulmonary tuberculosis, nephritis, hemorrhagic diathesis, nephrosis, furunculosis, acne, pyoderma.

Restrictions on use

Pregnancy, breastfeeding.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, use is possible only in physiological (prophylactic) doses. Use during pregnancy can lead to suppression of thyroid function (hypothyroidism) and an increase in its size in the fetus, and during breastfeeding - to the appearance of a rash and decreased thyroid function in the newborn (at doses above 300 mcg of iodine per day, breastfeeding should be stopped ).

Side effects of the substance Potassium iodide

From the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, vomiting, dyspeptic symptoms, gastralgia, diarrhea.

From the outside nervous system and sense organs: anxiety, headache.

Allergic reactions: angioedema, hemorrhages on the skin and mucous membranes, swelling of the salivary glands, urticaria.

Others: changes in thyroid function (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism), hyperkalemia, mumps, iodine toxicity (confusion, irregular heartbeats; numbness, tingling, pain or weakness in the arms and feet; unusual lethargy, weakness or heaviness in the legs); iodism (with long-term use, especially in high doses): burning in the mouth or throat, metallic taste in the mouth, increased salivation, sore teeth and gums, redness of the conjunctiva, swelling of the eyelids, rhinitis, fever, arthralgia, acne, dermatitis (exfoliative, etc.), eosinophilia.

Interaction

The antithyroid effect is enhanced (mutually) by antithyroid drugs. Thyroid-stimulating hormone activates the accumulation of iodine by the thyroid gland, potassium perchlorate and thiocyanate inhibit it. Taking high doses of iodide concomitantly with potassium-sparing diuretics increases the risk of hyperkalemia and arrhythmia. When taken simultaneously with ACE inhibitors, the risk of developing hyperkalemia also increases, and with lithium preparations - the risk of developing hypothyroidism and goiter.

Overdose

Symptoms of acute overdose: staining of the oral mucosa Brown color, rhinitis, bronchitis, gastroenteritis, swelling of the vocal cords, bleeding from urinary tract, anuria, collapse (even death).

Treatment of acute overdose: gastric lavage with a starch solution (until the blue color of the solution disappears) and 1% sodium thiosulfate solution, taking flour gruel, corn, potato, rice or oatmeal thick broth, symptomatic and supportive therapy.

Routes of administration

Inside, conjunctivally.

Precautions for the substance Potassium iodide

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to exclude malignant lesions of the thyroid gland. Use with caution in patients with impaired renal function (periodic monitoring of potassium levels in the blood is required).

Interactions with other active ingredients

Trade names

Iodine preparation for the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases

Active substance

Release form, composition and packaging

25 pcs. - contour cell packaging (2) - cardboard packs.

pharmachologic effect

When iodides enter the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle, the ions, under the influence of the enzyme iodide peroxidase, are oxidized to form elemental iodine, which is included in the tyrosine molecule. In this case, one part of the tyrosine radicals in thyroglobulin is iodinated, resulting in the formation of thyronines, the main of which are thyroxine (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T 3). The resulting complex of thyronines and thyroglobulin is released as a deposited form of thyroid hormone into the follicle colloid and remains in this state for several days or weeks. With iodine deficiency, this process is disrupted.

Potassium iodide, compensating for iodine deficiency, helps restore impaired synthesis of thyroid hormones, normalizes the T 3 / T 4 ratio, thereby normalizing the function of the thyroid gland and eliminating the symptoms of iodine deficiency.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption is fast and complete. Concentration in - 0.1-0.5 mcg/dl. It is intensively absorbed by the thyroid gland, where it is oxidized to iodine. The substrate ensures iodination of tyrosine in the thyroid gland with the formation of mono- and diiodotyrosine, T3 and T4. It also accumulates in the salivary and lactating mammary glands and stomach tissue (the content in saliva, milk and gastric juice exceeds the plasma level by 30 times).

It is excreted by the kidneys, partially by the bronchial, salivary and lacrimal glands.

Indications

- prevention of iodine deficiency in a woman’s body during pregnancy and breastfeeding, when iodine intake from food is less than 150-300 mcg/day.

Contraindications

- pronounced and latent hypothyroidism;

- dermatitis herpetiformis;

— increased sensitivity to iodine.

Potassium iodide should not be taken for hypothyroidism, unless the development of the latter is caused by severe iodine deficiency. Prescription of the drug should be avoided during therapy with radioactive iodine, the presence or suspicion of thyroid cancer.

Dosage

Inside, during meals, with a drink sufficient quantity liquids. Use after consultation with a doctor.

Prevention of iodine deficiency in a woman’s body during pregnancy and breastfeeding: 9 months Potassium iodide is prescribed at a dose of 200 mcg/day (1 tablet), and simultaneous use of other iodine-containing drugs is not recommended. The duration of the course is determined by the doctor.

Side effects

Overdose

Symptoms: brown staining of the mucous membranes, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea (possible melena). In severe cases, dehydration and shock may develop.

Treatment: gastric lavage, administration, symptomatic therapy disturbances of water and electrolyte balance, antishock therapy.

Chronic overdose can lead to the development of the phenomenon of iodism: “metallic” taste in the mouth; swelling and inflammation of the mucous membranes (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, bronchitis); acne; dermatitis; swelling of the salivary glands; fever; nervous excitability.

Treatment for chronic overdose: drug withdrawal.

Drug interactions

Antithyroid drugs and potassium iodide mutually weaken each other's effects.

Potassium perchlorate and potassium thiocyanate inhibit iodine absorption by the thyroid gland.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone improves the absorption of iodine by the thyroid gland and stimulates the production of its hormones.

Concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (including enalapril, lisinopril) increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

High doses of iodine in combination with potassium-sparing diuretics can lead to hyperkalemia.

Simultaneous administration of iodine therapy in high doses and lithium preparations promotes the development of goiter and hypothyroidism.

special instructions

Long-term intake of potassium iodide in doses exceeding 1000 mcg/day causes a decrease in the absorption of iodine by the thyroid gland and the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which later manifests itself in the form of hypothyroidism and the occurrence of goiter.

Pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy and lactation, the need for iodine increases. 9 months Potassium iodide is prescribed according to indications in cases where iodine intake from food is less than 150-300 mcg/day.

The drug penetrates the placenta well and, when taken at a dose of more than 500 mcg/day, can cause the development of hypothyroidism and goiter in the fetus. Iodine is also excreted in breast milk. When used in a mother during lactation in doses of more than 1000 mcg/day, there is a risk of developing hypothyroidism in an infant.

Therefore, during pregnancy and lactation the drug should be used only in recommended doses.

For impaired renal function

During therapy, hyperkalemia may develop in patients with renal failure.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

The drug is approved for use as a means of OTC.

Storage conditions and periods

Store the drug in a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children. Shelf life - 2 years. Do not use after the expiration date.